分类： 生物学 >> 生物物理学 分类： 化学 >> 物理化学 分类： 生物学 >> 生物物理学 提交时间： 2024-04-16
摘要： Transcription factor (TF) are proteins that regulates the transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA by binding to a specific DNA sequence.Nucleic acid-protein interactions are crucial in regulating transcription in biological systems. This work presents a quick and convenient method for constructing tight-binding models and offers physical insights into the electronic structure properties of transcription factor complexes and DNA motifs. The tight binding Hamiltonian parameters are generated using the random forest regression algorithm, which reproduces the given ab-initiolevel calculations with reasonable accuracy. We present a library of residue-level parameters derived from extensive electronic structure calculations over various possible combinations of nucleobases and amino acid side chains from high-quality DNA-protein complex structures. As an example, our approach can reasonably generate the subtle electronic structure details for the orthologous transcription factors human AP-1 and Epstein-Barr virus Zta within a few seconds on a laptop. This method potentially enhances our understanding of the electronic structure variationsof gene-protein interaction complexes, even those involving dozens of proteins and genes. We hope this study offers a powerful tool for analyzing transcription regulation mechanisms at an electronic structural level.
分类： 图书馆学、情报学 >> 情报资料的处理 提交时间： 2024-04-18
摘要： 目的/意义 ：本研究旨在系统地分析突发事件微博舆情的主题演化趋势，可视化舆情发展过程中的焦点主题，为后续网络舆情的引导提供实践参考依据。 方法/过程 ：采用BERTopic主题提取模型识别舆情发展不同阶段的主题，并采用余弦相似度度量主题间的相似性，可视化主题的演化路径。以新浪微博“东航Mu5735空难事件”为例，进行突发事件网络舆情的主题演化研究。 结果/结论： 实证研究结果表明，基于BERTopic主题模型对舆情事件建模得到高效且可观性较高的主题识别结果，准确把握舆情发展每个阶段中热点主题，揭示了舆情传播过程中主题演变过程。 创新/局限 ：本研究提出了一种基于 BERTopic 模型对短文本突发事件微博舆情主题演化分析的总体框架，对主题提取后的结果进行主题内容演化分析并进行可视化展示。本研究的局限性在于当前选用的数据来源仅来源于微博平台，后续可提高数据来源的多样性。
分类： 生物学 >> 植物学 >> 应用植物学 提交时间： 2024-04-17 合作期刊: 《广西植物》
摘要： 膨胀素（expansin，EXP）通过调控细胞壁的松弛在植物应对环境胁迫过程中起着 重要作用。为研究EXP 基因在大豆应对非生物胁迫过程中的作用，对大豆中的两个EXP 基 因（GmEXPB5 和GmEXPB7）及其蛋白序列进行生物信息学分析，通过实时荧光定量PCR （qRT-PCR）检测基因表达量。结果表明：(1) GmEXPB5 和GmEXPB7 分别位于大豆第10 和12 号染色体上，编码的蛋白序列长度分别为272 和267 个氨基酸。GmEXPB5 蛋白分子 量为29.07 kD，理论等电点为7.51；GmEXPB7 蛋白分子量为29.09 kD，理论等电点为8.66。 GmEXPB5 和GmEXPB7 均为稳定的亲水蛋白且定位于细胞壁中。GmEXPB5 和GmEXPB7 蛋白均含有一段信号肽序列和一个保守的DPBB_1 结构域。(2) GmEXPB5 蛋白与鹰嘴豆 CaEXPB15 蛋白亲缘关系最近，GmEXPB7 蛋白与密花豆、赤豆和豇豆的EXPB3 蛋白有着 较近的亲缘关系。(3) GmEXPB5 和GmEXPB7 在大豆根、茎和叶中均表达且它们在根和叶中 的表达量均显著高于茎中的表达量。(4) GmEXPB5 和GmEXPB7 在大豆幼苗中可以响应盐、 干旱和低温胁迫。(5) GmEXPB5 启动子区域含有两种与逆境相关的顺式作用元件（ABRE 和 ARE）；GmEXPB7 启动子区域含有五种与逆境相关的顺式作用元件（ABRE、ARE、 CGTCA-motif、TC-rich repeats 和MBS）。上述结果表明，GmEXPB5 和GmEXPB7 能够参 与大豆对非生物胁迫的应答。
分类： 护理学 >> 护理学 提交时间： 2024-04-14
摘要： 目的 总结TCD发泡试验在缺血性脑卒中患者人群中应用的操作及护理经验。方法 回顾性分析2023年1月-2023年7月，我院40名神经内科缺血性脑卒中患者群体进行TCD发泡试验的资料，分析总结对缺血性脑卒中患者人群的操作及护理要点。结果 40例患者中11名患者为卵圆孔未闭，TCD发泡试验阳性，结论 TCD发泡试验可及时发现患者潜在脑梗死危险因素，对预防脑梗死的复发、提高患者的生活质量具有重大意义。对患者进行针对性护理可有效缓解患者在试验中的紧张情绪，提高患者配合程度。
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学史 分类： 天文学 >> 天文仪器与技术 提交时间： 2024-04-10
摘要： 中国古代保留着丰富的天文观测记录，其中尤为宝贵的是大量实测的恒星观测数据。然而，确定这些观测数据的年代是一个相当复杂的问题。本文以宋元时代的两组观测数据为基础，运用广义霍夫变换的技术手段对数据进行计算和分析。我们成功地获得了对恒星观测年代的较为准确的估算结果。这一方法为未来分析更多古代天文星表数据提供了新的途径和视角。
分类： 图书馆学、情报学 >> 情报学 提交时间： 2024-04-16
摘要： 数字经济时代最特殊的一种资产就是数据，数据作为生产要素和企业资产，已成为新时代我国的生产核心要素，是数字经济的核心引擎，数据要素不仅推动传统生产要素革命性聚变与裂变进而产生倍增效应，而且提高了传统要素的配置效率，驱动经济加快创新发展。然而数据流通交易作为数据要素市场化配置的关键环节却缺乏有效实践，本文从信息管理的角度出发，以上海数据交易所为例，从制度保障、基础设施建设以及平台运营机制这三个方面为企业数据资产化的实现路径提供一个样本参考，通过这一研究，旨在提高企业更加重视数据要素的意识，重视数据资产的价值挖掘和使用，致力于有效实现资源统筹优化，从而有效推动我国经济高质量发展。
分类： 物理学 >> 凝聚态:电子结构、电、磁和光学性质 提交时间： 2024-04-17
Shuqiang He
Yi-Feng Zheng
Guosheng Shi
Yi-Jie Xiang
Meihui Xiao
Qituan Zhang
Yue-Yu Zhang
Haiping Fang
摘要： The identification of new materials with superconducting properties is the pursuit in the realm of superconductivity research. Here, excitedly, we show that the simplest salt daily used can be made a superconductor at normal pressure only by adjusting its stoichiometry of Na and Cl as Na3Cl at normal pressure based on first-principles calculations. This bulk stable abnormal Na-Cl stoichiometric crystal of 3:1, the first ‘magic’ ratio, includes metallic (Na) atoms in the core as well as hybridization of ionic and metallic bonding, facilitating the electron-phonon-coupling for superconductivity with a critical temperature Tc of 0.13 K. The flat bands and van Hove singularities near the Fermi level produce large densities of states, similar to H3S and LaH10, which is beneficial for the emergence of superconductivity. The crystal composed of with abnormal Na-Cl magic stoichiometry is a precisely tunable, purely sodium and chloride-based, three-dimensional bulk superconductor, which is therefore an ideal material for designing and understanding abnormal stoichiometric crystals. The methodology of constructing this bulk abnormal crystal may be general to almost all elements, which could lead to insights into the physics of other conventional superconductors and even high-critical-temperature superconductors.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： Correlated red noise recently reported from pulsar timing observations may be an indication of stochastic gravitational waves emitted by cosmic strings that formed during a primordial phase transition near the Grand Unification energy scale. Unfortunately, known probes of cosmic strings, namely the Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies and string lensing of extragalactic galaxies, are not sensitive enough for low string tensions of $G\mu = 10^{-10}-10^{-7}$ that are needed to explain this putative signal. We show that strong gravitational lensing of Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) by cosmic strings is a potentially unambiguous avenue to probe that range of string tension values. The image pair of string lensing are expected to have identical magnification factor and parity, and have a typical time delay of $\sim 10^2\,\,(G\,\mu/10^{-8})^2$ seconds. The unique spectral fingerprint of each FRB, as well as the possibility to detect correlations in the time series of the electric field of the radio waves, will enable verification of the string lensing interpretation. Very-Long-Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations can spatially resolve the image pair and provide a lower bound on the string tension based on the image separation. We calculate the FRB lensing rate as a function of FRB detection number for several different models of the FRB redshift distribution. We find that a survey detecting $\sim 10^5$ FRBs, in line with estimates for the detection rate of the forthcoming survey CHORD, can uncover a strong lensing event for a string tension of $G\mu \simeq 10^{-7}$. Larger FRB surveys, such as Phase 2 of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), have the potential to significantly improve the sensitivity on the string tension to $G\mu \simeq 10^{-9}$.
分类： 生物学 >> 植物学 >> 应用植物学 提交时间： 2024-04-17 合作期刊: 《广西植物》
摘要： 为探讨外源多胺（PAs）对荔枝胚性愈伤组织（EC）增殖及体胚分化的影响机制， 该研究以“妃子笑”荔枝EC 为材料，采用单因素法在增殖培养基中添加腐胺（Put）、亚 精胺（Spd）及精胺（Spm），分析了不同PAs 处理后EC 形态、结构、内源PAs 含量及相 关酶指标的变化。结果表明：（1）外源Put、Spd 和Spm 处理均显著提高了EC 增殖率，降 低了体胚诱导及萌发数量。经外源PAs 处理增殖的EC 胚性细胞大小较一致，染色深且均匀， 多细胞原胚减少，可见已经分化完全的早期子叶胚。（2）外源PAs 处理均显著提高了EC 中内源PAs 含量，其中Put 处理EC 中各类内源PAs 及总PAs 含量最高；当在含外源PAs 培养基上增殖的EC 转入不含外源PAs 的培养基上增殖时（恢复培养），EC 中的Put 含量 仍然显著高于对照，内源Spd 和Spm 则显著降低。（3）外源Put 处理显著提高了EC 中的 鸟氨酸脱羧酶（ODC）、精氨酸脱羧酶（ADC）和二胺氧化酶（DAO）活性，而外源Spd、 Spm 处理显著降低了EC 中的ODC 及ADC 活性，外源Spd 显著提高了多胺氧化酶（PAO） 活性；恢复培养后，EC 中ADC 和DAO 活性比恢复培养前显著降低，ODC、PAO 无显著 性差异。综上认为，外源PAs 可以通过调节PAs 代谢相关酶活性影响内源PAs 含量，进而 影响荔枝EC 增殖和体胚诱导。该研究结果为进一步研究PAs 调节荔枝体胚发生机制，提高 荔枝离体再生效率提供了基础。
分类： 图书馆学、情报学 >> 图书馆学 提交时间： 2024-04-16
摘要： 目的/意义］为促进数智时代交易场所强化合规管理，打造安全可信流通环境，围绕数据交易平台经营者的安全保障义务进行制度设计尤为重要。［方法/过程］数据交易平台作为新型经营场所，其经营者的安全保障义务的正当性可由获利报偿理论、控制力理论与信赖保护等理论得以证成。［结果/结论］从传统经营场所、电子商务平台到数据交易平台，由于经营者的风险控制力等因素差异，三者呈现出安全保障义务与民事责任水平递增的类型序列。数据交易平台经营者的安全保障义务的内容应包括资质资格审核、提供安全可靠的交易环境、记录交易痕迹等交易前、中、后义务。在有其他侵权人介入时，对数据交易平台责任形态的认定应通过部分连带责任进行规范续造，以合理确定数据交易平台经营者的民事责任。
分类： 图书馆学、情报学 >> 图书馆学 提交时间： 2024-04-15
摘要： 目的/意义 开放科学强调科研成果的社会影响力，学术图书作为哲学社会科学研究成果的重要表现形式，有必要对其社会影响力进行评价研究。 方法/过程 结合已有研究和开放科学环境下学术图书在线交流特点，基于国内网络媒体平台挖掘Altmetrics指标，探索建立一套评价哲学社会科学学术图书社会影响力的指标体系，并以14-16届江苏省哲学社会科学优秀成果奖获奖图书为研究样本，采用主成分分析法进行赋权分析。 结果/结论 哲学社会科学学术图书Altmetrics指标数据相差较大，不同平台指标之间相关性偏低；高质量学术图书的社会影响力存在较大差距；不同评价维度下，哲学社会科学学术图书的影响力存在明显差别。作者需增强开放科学理念，重视并主动通过多种网络平台宣传学术图书；推动建立社会影响力数据集成平台，保障数据有效性和稳定性；加强图书社会影响力的评价，更全面评价哲社学术图书影响力；建议出台相关政策，激励学术图书社会影响力的提升。
分类： 生物学 >> 植物学 >> 应用植物学 提交时间： 2024-04-17 合作期刊: 《广西植物》
摘要： 为研究和明确贵州兔眼蓝莓不同品种的果实香气成分及含量，该研究采用顶空固相 微萃取和气相色谱-气质联用（HS-SPME/GC-MS）方法，对贵州主栽兔眼蓝莓‘杰兔’‘灿烂’ ‘顶峰’‘梯芙蓝’和‘粉蓝’等品种的果实香气组分含量进行检测分析。结果表明：（1）5 个品种共检测出7 大类46 种香气成分，其中醇类有8 种、萜类有13 种、苯环类有9 个、醛 类仅3 种、酯类5 种、烷烃类有4 种、其他类有4 种。（2）‘顶峰’的香气成分最多，有33 种，‘粉蓝’最少，仅24 种；各品种香气组分中，醛类占比最大，其次为苯环类，‘灿烂’醛 类含量最高（59.32%），‘粉蓝’苯环类含量最高（42.58%）。（3）5 个品种中，‘杰兔’的香气 成分总含量最高，为172 872.20 ng‧g-1，其次是‘灿烂’，为162 200.87 ng‧g-1；‘顶峰’和‘粉 蓝’的香气成分总含量较低，分别为91 284.45 ng‧g-1 和97 511.10 ng‧g-1。5 个兔眼蓝莓品种在 香气成分和含量上表现出显著差异，这些差异为蓝莓品种的优选和深加工原料的选择提供了 重要依据。
分类： 图书馆学、情报学 >> 各种文献工作 分类： 图书馆学、情报学 >> 图书馆学 提交时间： 2024-04-18
摘要： 目的 知识可视化设计研究综述反映了人们对知识新形式的探索路径。 文献范围 国外文献来自Web of Science的核心合集数据库论文1377篇。国内文献来自知网518篇论文数据。 方法 研究借助文献计量分析工具Vosview、Citespace 以及自主梳理方法，以“知识可视化设计”为关键词对1985-2022年间国内外文献进行检索和分析，解析了知识可视化设计研究的辩证发展路径。 结果 发现目前可视化定义研究的局限，研究对知识可视化设计的本体论和认识论上缺乏思考，以及过于依赖单一的研究视角缺乏辩证思维。 局限 由于国内外数据库不统一较难用同种方法进行统一分析。 结论 中国知识可视化设计者和研究者应用唯物辩证法把握知识可视化设计领域研究脉络和规律，了解其辩证发展过程，找到中国知识可视化领域的发展道路。
分类： 图书馆学、情报学 >> 读者工作 提交时间： 2024-04-16
摘要： 本文探讨近年来国内外图书馆读者荐购的研究热点并分析现有读者荐购服务的痛点和挑战，并对未来荐购管理模式创新和荐购系统建设提出设想，以期提高图书馆读者荐购服务质量，推动传统图书馆服务向智慧化转型。采用文献计量法，对国内外图书馆读者荐购相关研究进行梳理，分析了国内外读荐购的最新研究成果并对发文主体进行概述分析。采用SWOT法对读者荐购进行分析，探讨现行荐购管理模式的优缺点。研究发现，传统的荐购模式已不能完全适应智慧图书馆建设的要求。图书馆应着力利用资源优势围绕用户需求搭建智能化、个性化荐购平台，将信息技术运用于读者荐购服务场景中。
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： We measure for the first time the outermost edges of the Milky Way (MW) halo in terms of the depletion and turnaround radii. The inner depletion radius, $r_\mathrm{id}$, identified at the location of maximum infall velocity, separates a growing halo from the draining environment, while the turnaround radius, $r_\mathrm{ta}$, marks the outermost edge of infalling material towards the halo, both of which are located well outside the virial radius. Using the motions of nearby dwarf galaxies within $3\mathrm{Mpc}$, we obtain a marginal detection of the infall zone around the MW with a maximum velocity of $v_\mathrm{inf, max}=-46_{-39}^{+24}\mathrm{km s^{-1}}$. This enables us to measure $r_\mathrm{id}=559\pm 107 \mathrm{kpc}$ and $r_\mathrm{ta}=839\pm 121 \mathrm{kpc}$. The measured depletion radius is about 1.5 times the MW virial radius ($R_\mathrm{200m}$) measured from internal dynamics. Compared with halos in the cosmological simulation Illustris TNG100, the factor 1.5 is consistent with that of halos with similar masses and dynamical environments to the MW but slightly smaller than typical values of Local Group analogs, potentially indicating the unique evolution history of the MW. These measurements of halo edges directly quantify the ongoing evolution of the MW outer halo and provide constraints on the current dynamical state of the MW that are independent from internal dynamics.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： The Solar System's orbital structure is thought to have been sculpted by an episode of dynamical instability among the giant planets. However, the instability trigger and timing have not been clearly established. Hydrodynamical modeling has shown that while the Sun's gaseous protoplanetary disk was present the giant planets migrated into a compact orbital configuration in a chain of resonances. Here we use dynamical simulations to show that the giant planets' instability was likely triggered by the dispersal of the gaseous disk. As the disk evaporated from the inside-out, its inner edge swept successively across and dynamically perturbed each planet's orbit in turn. The associated orbital shift caused a dynamical compression of the exterior part of the system, ultimately triggering instability. The final orbits of our simulated systems match those of the Solar System for a viable range of astrophysical parameters. The giant planet instability therefore took place as the gaseous disk dissipated, constrained by astronomical observations to be a few to ten million years after the birth of the Solar System. Terrestrial planet formation would not complete until after such an early giant planet instability; the growing terrestrial planets may even have been sculpted by its perturbations, explaining the small mass of Mars relative to Earth.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： A general covariant local field theory of the holographic dark energy model is presented. It turns out the low energy effective theory of the holographic dark energy is the massive gravity theory whose graviton has 3 polarisations, including one scalar mode and two tensor modes. The Compton wavelength is the size of the future event horizon of the universe. The UV-IR correspondence in the holographic dark energy model stems from the scalar graviton's strong coupling at the energy scale that marks the breaking down of the effective field theory.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： Thermoelastic loss is one of the main energy dissipation mechanisms in resonant systems. A careful analysis of the thermoelastic loss is critical to design low-noise resonators for high-precision applications, such as gravitational-wave detectors. This paper presents an analytical solution to the thermoelastic loss in multimaterial coated finite substrates with realistic assumptions on the model structure and the elastic fields. The mechanism responsible for thermoelastic loss is taken as a function of material properties, operating temperature and frequency, and other design parameters. We calculate the thermoelastic loss for specific applications over a wide range of frequencies (1 Hz to 10 GHz) and temperatures (1 K to 300 K), and for a variety of substrate and coating materials. The result is relevant for gravitational-wave detectors and for experiments sensitive to mechanical dissipation.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： Potential features in the primordial power spectrum have been searched for in galaxy surveys in recent years since these features can assist in understanding the nature of inflation. The null detection to date suggests that any such features should be fairly weak, and next-generation galaxy surveys, with their unprecedented sizes and precisions, are in a position to place stronger constraints than before. However, even if such primordial features once existed in the early Universe, they would have been significantly damped in the nonlinear regime at low redshift due to structure formation, which makes them difficult to be directly detected in real observations. A potential way to tackle this challenge for probing the features is to undo the cosmological evolution, i.e., using reconstruction to obtain an approximate linear density field. By employing a set of N-body simulations, here we show that a recently-proposed nonlinear reconstruction algorithm can effectively retrieve damped oscillatory features from halo catalogues and improve the accuracy of the measurement of feature parameters (assuming that such primordial features do exist). We do a Fisher analysis to forecast how nonlinear reconstruction affects the constraining power, and find that it can lead to significantly more robust constraints on the feature amplitude for a DESI-like survey. Comparing nonlinear reconstruction with other ways of improving constraints, such as increasing the survey volume and range of scales, this shows that it is possible to achieve what the latter do, but at a lower cost.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： Building accurate and predictive models of the underlying mechanisms of celestial motion has inspired fundamental developments in theoretical physics. Candidate theories seek to explain observations and predict future positions of planets, stars, and other astronomical bodies as faithfully as possible. We use a data-driven learning approach, extending that developed in Lu et al. ($2019$) and extended in Zhong et al. ($2020$), to a derive stable and accurate model for the motion of celestial bodies in our Solar System. Our model is based on a collective dynamics framework, and is learned from the NASA Jet Propulsion Lab's development ephemerides. By modeling the major astronomical bodies in the Solar System as pairwise interacting agents, our learned model generate extremely accurate dynamics that preserve not only intrinsic geometric properties of the orbits, but also highly sensitive features of the dynamics, such as perihelion precession rates. Our learned model can provide a unified explanation to the observation data, especially in terms of reproducing the perihelion precession of Mars, Mercury, and the Moon. Moreover, Our model outperforms Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation in all cases and performs similarly to, and exceeds on the Moon, the Einstein-Infeld-Hoffman equations derived from Einstein's theory of general relativity.
点击量
时间
待评议
点击量
下载量
评论
通过
