Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： In this study, we systematically researched and comprehensively analyzed dominant plants in typical deserts in China, including Tarim Basin, Junggar Basin, Horqin Sandy land, and Hunshandak Sandy land, and revealed the characteristics of stress adaptation and stable restoration of dominant vegetation, and proposed the sustainable management technology of vegetation. The results are shown as the followings. (1) Desert plant roots remain connected to underground diving or soil capillary water. It is of great significance to maintain reasonable ecological water use and stable groundwater table for the restoration and conservation of dominant woody plants in these regions. (2) The shallow soil water formed by groundwater, snowmelt, and rainfall is the main water source of Haloxylon ammodendron (C. A. Mey.). It is of great significance for the restoration and conservation of H. ammodendron to make full use of the natural law of seasonal change of precipitation and the renewal of H. ammodendron to form scientific and reasonable planting technical measures. (3) Closure protection plays an important role in the stable restoration of dominant vegetation in desert (sandy land). The results can provide scientific basis and technical supports for the restoration and optimal management of dominant vegetation in the oasis-desert transition zone in arid region.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geology submitted time 2022-12-20 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract：
Blowout is an important manifestation of grassland desertification that is a common for a wind erosion landform in sandy grassland and is highly destructive to grassland vegetation. The blowouts that were in the active development stage of HulunBuir grassland were the object of this research, and the surrounding grassland was the control in which the soil moisture was measured in different locations and different depth. The results show the following: (1) Blowouts caused the“crevasse”effect of soil moisture in grassland that lead to a significant decrease in the soil of the surrounding grassland in a range of nearly 20 m. A close proximity to the pit results in lower soil moisture, A“dry zone”was formed in the range of 0-3 m at the edge of the pit, and the soil moisture was reduced by 45.15% compared with the control. (2) Soil moisture of the pit decreased by 44.44%, and no significant difference was observed in the soil moisture between the surrounding sand accumulation area and the lightly overlying sand area compared to the control. (3) There was a great difference in soil moisture of the pit in the soil layers and sand accumulation area. Cv could reach more than 50%. As soil depth increased, the soil moisture increased first and then decreased. (4) The sand accumulation area of blowouts could realize a certain“water storage”effect after the rainy season, the pit and edge zone had a serious“water loss”effect. The soil was extremely dry soil provided conditions for the expansion and morphological development of blowouts.
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Resource Sciences >> Basic Disciplines of Environmental Science and Technology submitted time 2020-11-20 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract：为揭示科尔沁沙地不同林龄沙地樟子松人工林对风沙土粒径分布特征的影响，以中龄、近熟 和成熟沙地樟子松人工林风沙土为研究对象，以裸沙地风沙土为实验对照，采用激光衍射技术测定土壤样品粒度组成，计算分析土壤粒度参数特征，绘制土壤粒配曲线。结果显示：（1）科尔沁沙地樟子松人工林风沙土以砂粒为主，其次是粉粒，黏粒含量最少。随林龄的增长，土壤黏粒、粉粒含量呈增加趋势，砂粒含量呈减少趋势。裸沙地风沙土砂粒含量多高于同层林地土壤。（2）科尔沁沙地樟子松人工林风沙土质地较粗，分选性较差，偏度值多为正偏度，峰度值多为尖窄，0～10 cm和10～20 cm风沙土分形维数分别为2.18～2.43和1.98～2.17。裸沙地风沙土质地更粗，分选性更好，分形维数更小。（3）科尔沁沙地樟子松人工林风沙土的粒度频率分布曲线均为双峰型。随林龄的增长，10～20 cm风沙土的土壤颗粒细化滞后于0～10 cm。林地悬移组分的含量高于裸沙地，裸沙地跃移组分的分选性高于林地。科尔沁沙地不同樟子松人工林风沙土粒径分布特征存在显著差异，本研究结果可为科 尔沁沙地土地沙漠化防治及生态修复提供理论依据。
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Resource Sciences >> Basic Disciplines of Environmental Science and Technology submitted time 2020-07-14 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract：以库布齐沙漠东缘人工固沙区不同植被演替阶段(演替初期、中期、后期、成熟期)的沙地为研究对象，对2017、2018年生长季沙地迎风坡顶部、中部和底部0～180 cm土壤分层测定体积含水量，阐明荒漠土壤水分时空分异特征及其对环境因子的响应。结果表明：因降水量的差异导致研究区土壤含水量存在年际变化，2018年(8.8%)>2017年(4.8%)；受降水事件和植物生长的影响，4种样地土壤含水量均具有生长季初期缓慢下降、生长旺盛期降水补给后快速增大、生长季末期稳定积累的阶段特征；不同植被演替阶段土壤含水量整体表现为演替初期(7.3%)>成熟期(7.2%)>后期(6.7%)>中期(5.9%)；4种样地均为迎风坡中部土壤含水量最低，坡顶和坡底含水量在不同演替阶段各有高低；4种样地土壤含水量均呈现随土层加深含水量先降低后增大的动态趋势，表层0～20 cm土层含水量显著高于其他各层，深层土壤存在水分变化拐点，是含水量最低的干沙层，在不同演替阶段或降水量下干沙层出现的深度会发生变化。在生长季末期，通过一季的消耗与补给，研究区内土壤水分储量呈正向平衡，可以满足人工固沙植被正常生长和演替所需水量。
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