Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Land degradation is one of the long-term challenging eco-environmental problems and it was even worse at the agropastoral transitional region in China in the 1980s. Taking the Horqin Sandy Land as a case study of the agro-pastoral transitional region, Naiman Desertification Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences has made a series of achievements in the research on the mechanism of desertification-prone ecosystems, desertification monitoring, restoration techniques trial and demonstrations, and dissemination of in-depth research findings. It has been one of the leading research and data collection platforms in the research and observation of fragile ecosystems, particularly in academic research and technical development for combating desertification in China. The innovative models, represented with the Integrative Model for Combating Desertification and Promoting Development, have been widely adopted for restoration of desertification-prone land sand sustainable land management (SLM). Naiman Station was awarded by UNEP and UNDP for its success in saving the drylands. With this model, Naiman Station has successfully introduced more than 100 species of crops, vegetables, fruit trees, and grasses and developed related techniques for ecological conservation, local economic development, and improvement of livelihood of local people. The station has made a profound contribution to combating desertification in Horqin Sandy Land and in Northern China as a whole. Naiman Station will challenge the mounting issues of water scarcity caused by growing land use pressure and climate change, through carrying out continuous research in the mechanism of synergic succession of soil-plant subsystem. Based on the achievement of this valuable research, this station will develop more adaptive techniques and models for sustainable land management, and provide immediate scientific and technological supports to the ecological shelters and sustainable development in Northern China.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Other Disciplines of Geosciences submitted time 2019-09-10 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract：为研究沙地植物幼苗生长对降水和风速变化的响应过程，于2016年4月中旬利用40个2 m×2 m×2 m的混凝土样方池，通过人工增雨及遮风网降低风速的方法开展模拟控制实验。结果表明：① 风速、降水以及两者的协同作用对萌发物种数无显著影响 (P>0.05)。风速降低20%和降水增加60%使种子萌发物种数与对照相比分别增加4.9%和1.3%；风速降低20%条件下，自然降水和降水增加60%均可使种子萌发物种数增加7.2%。② 不同降水处理会使植物幼苗密度大幅度降低、高度波动变化；风速降低可以较显著地促进沙地植物幼苗生长高度，特别是优势植物猪毛菜(Salsola collina)、大果虫实(Corispermum macrocarpum)的生长高度(P0.05)。以上研究结果表明：降水增加30%对种子萌发阶段物种丰富度的抑制作用较大；与降水相比，风速是沙地植物幼苗生长高度的主要影响因素，并且自然降水条件下，风速降低40%可以使沙地植物幼苗生长高度最大限度地增加；沙地植被物种多样性指数对降水及风速的变化不敏感，这说明科尔沁沙地生态系统群落结构相对较为稳定。
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Resource Sciences >> Basic Disciplines of Environmental Science and Technology submitted time 2019-06-14 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract：为研究沙地退化植被恢复过程中碳氮化学计量特征的变化，分别于2011年、2013年和2015年8月中旬对流动、半固定、固定沙丘和草地进行植被调查，并测定植被—土壤系统的碳氮化学计量特征。结果表明：（1） 随着沙地退化植被的恢复，地上植物、凋落物和根系的C、N含量及C/N比波动变化，土壤（0～10 cm）C和N含量及C/N比显著增加（P <0.05）。（2）沙地4种生境上的地上植物、凋落物、根系、土壤的C、N含量及C/N比年际间变化显著（P <0.05）。（3） 沙地退化植被恢复过程中地上植物、凋落物、土壤的C/N比与物种丰富度呈正线性关系（P <0.01）。沙地退化植被恢复过程中优势植物演替导致植被—土壤系统中C、N化学计量特征的变化，植被恢复过程中植物的氮素利用效率也在逐渐增强，而封育时间的增加能够促进沙地土壤中N的积累。
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