Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Uneven progresses have been widely detected among goals or regions in global sustainable development, which are ascribed to the heterogeneous resource and environmental conditions and trade-offs among goals. In-depth understanding and efforts to reduce such uneven progresses are essential for the holistic achievement of the sustainable development goals (SDGs). This study discusses how bBig Earth Data supports the assessment of the even development among targets and regions by pointing out its advantages in providing high-frequency and more timely data products with higher spatial resolution for the currently poorly achieved SDGs regarding essential human needs and environmental protection. Moreover, the Big Earth Data brings deeper insights into the pattern and cause of the uneven development and disentangles the core issues that restrict the holistic achievement of SDGs.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are an important guide for different countries and regions to achieve sustainable economic, social, and environmental developments. They include 17 goals and 169 specific targets. The interactions among the goals can be manifested as synergy or trade-off; that is, implementing one or more goals may positively or negatively affect other goals. At present, important progress has been made in the monitoring and evaluation of individual goals. However, our understanding of the synergies and trade-offs among multiple SDGs is still limited. Firstly, this paper describes the current progress in the synergy and trade-offs of SDGs from three aspects: comprehensive analyses of all the SDGs, thematic analyses of few relevant SDGs, and the relationship of the specific indicators under certain SDG. Secondly, in view of the data bottleneck in the current studies, combined with the latest progress of the Big Earth Data, this paper showcases the typical scenarios of the Big Earth Data supporting studies of the synergy and trade-off of SDGs. Thirdly, the Big Earth Data’s potential and future research prospects on the synergies and trade-offs of SDGs are proposed. This study shows that SDG synergy and trade-off analyses have experienced three stages: a semiquantitative evaluation based on expert knowledge, correlation analyses based on statistical data, and quantitative analyses based on the Big Earth Data. Different data sources from different countries could lead to varying results, and the Big Earth Data plays a vital role in promoting data consistency and transparency between countries. Therefore, it provides crucial support for the understanding of synergies and trade-offs of SDGs. The purpose of this study is to summarize the latest progress of synergy and trade-off studies of SDGs, which has received less attention in SDG-related research, and to support decision making for realizing the economic, environmental, and social goals together.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The health and safety of marine ecosystems are directly related to the health and well-being of all mankind. Factors such as insufficient effective monitoring data and lack of scientific decision-making information have affected the smooth implementation of the marine sustainable development goals (SDG 14) to a certain extent. Big Earth Data possesses macroscopic, dynamic and objective monitoring capabilities, and can play an important role in supporting the realization of the sustainable development goals of the ocean. With the support of the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences, and based on technologies and methods related to Big Earth Data, China has effectively carried out specific practices such as the production of missing ocean data sets and the construction of target localization models. Based on the above analysis, the study puts forward suggestions such as actively participating in the sharing of Big Earth Data in the international community, strengthening the drive of scientific and technological innovation in the realization of sustainable marine development goals, and deep participation in the United Nations Ocean Governance Plan.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Big Earth Data for UN Sustainable Development Goals: Climate Change and Action
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： DG 11—sustainable cities and communities is central to achieving all 17 SDGs. However, the lack of data is the main challenge for monitoring and assessing SDG 11 indicators. As an important aspect of technological innovation and big data, Big Earth Data can offer a new key to generate knowledge about the Earth, playing a major role in promoting sustainable development. In this research, we conducted many practical cases to monitor the progress of SDG indicators centered on urban sustainable development, and focused on 6 main themes about urban development, including urban housing, urban public transportation, urbanization, disaster prevention & mitigation, air pollution, and open public space. Based on the above analysis, this study summarizes the challenges for realization of SDG 11. Finally, in order to achieve the SDG 11, we propose some suggestions and actions, including building a sustainable development big data information platform, strengthening the leverage of science and technology in the realization of SDG 11, actively carrying out SDG 11 comprehensive application demonstration, and strengthening scientific and technological cooperation between relevant institutions at home and abroad.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Clean water and sanitation (SDG 6) is one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations, but so far, the world is not on the right track to achieve SDG 6 targets. In order to change this situation and lead the world to achieve the goal of sustainable water resources management, the United Nations initiated the SDG 6 global acceleration framework including financing, data and information, capacity development, innovation, and governance. From the perspective of data and information that serving SDG 6 target monitoring and evaluation, this study analyzes the current global data progress, the role of Big Earth Data, technology, and the integrated application in SDG 6 target monitoring and evaluation. The study summarizes two problems in the global SDG 6 monitoring and evaluation: 1) There is still a lack of sustainably provided high-precision indicator monitoring data set. 2) Lack of operational system integrating data acquisition, indicator calculation and target evaluation. On this basis, the study proposes to establish standardized statistical forms and technical guidelines, to build a system platform for the monitoring and evaluation of all the SDG 6 targets and indicators.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： In 2015, the United Nations adopted the Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, in which land degradation neutrality (LDN) is one of the important targets of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG 15.3). However, due to varies indicative symptoms of land degradation in different climatic/geographical zones and land use types, the complexity of factors affecting land degradation or improvement, and the limits of spatial and temporal scope to define land degradation, for a long time, there was lack of common accepted methodology to identify land degradation, and short of key data set to establish reference baselines, and measure progress of SDG 15.3, which hinders the realization of SDG 15.3 by 2030. As a typical representative of a data-intensive scientific paradigm, Big Earth Data provides the possibility to solve this data gap. Focusing on two important aspects of SDG 15.3 reporting, namely baseline determination and progress monitoring, this article introduces the key challenges we faced, the potential of Big Earth Data and the practices we have taken. Finally, the prospects for harnessing Big Earth Data to facilitate SDG 15.3 in the future are outlined.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Ensuring food security is a fundamental issue for global sustainable development. Sustainable food production is the basis for food security and an effective approach to address global challenges such as climate change, land degradation, and ecological degradation. At present, there is a data gap in the monitoring and assessment of the sustainability of food production, and the supporting role of the Big Earth Data is increasingly prominent. This paper summarizes the current practice of Big Earth Data in support of sustainable food production, including the role of Earth observation technology in the monitoring of various elements of food production system, and the application of multi-source data fusion in the monitoring of comprehensive food production system and the assessment of the sustainability of food production. Based on the review, according the framework of four levers for achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), we promote two suggestions for future development on Big Earth Data in support of sustainable food production: (1) integrating Big Earth Data with multidisciplinary models to promote knowledge discovery thus supporting governance, and (2) integrating Big Earth Data with technological innovation to build intelligent agriculture for on farm sustainable food production system.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： In 2015, the United Nations adopted 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) to guide the economic, social, and environmental aspects of development. However, several factors have constrained the implementation of the SDGs, including uneven development, lack of data, and the interconnection and mutual restriction between the goals. In particular, the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 exacerbated the challenges faced by countries in implementing SDGs. This study focuses on the need to improve data services for SDGs in order to strengthen scientific research on monitoring and evaluating SDG indicators. We advocate for a scientific think tank that guides technological innovation for sustainable development and provides suggestions on education and training for developing countries that warrant serious consideration for rapid and meaningful sustained progress in the future. This paper highlights research on improving SDG monitoring and evaluation of SDGs carried out under the Big Earth Data Science Engineering Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the progress made in the development of the big data information platform for SDGs, and the monitoring and evaluation of SDG indicators. Further, the paper introduces the sustainable development scientific satellite due to launch in October 2021, a first of its kind in a series of satellites and the International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals (CBAS), which is being established to strengthen national and international efforts through improved scientific support driven by innovative big data solutions for SDGs.
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