Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-31 Cooperative journals: 《腐蚀科学与防护技术》
Abstract： Research progress on corrosion of carbon steels induced by SRB is reviewed in terms of the formation mechanism of biofilm, the traditional corrosion mechanism of SRB, mechanism of biocatalysis cathodic sulfate reduction, and the corrosion of carbon steels under the deposit scale induced by SRB biomineralization. In addition, the paper focused on the key role of the theory of bioenergetics and bioelectrochemistry in understanding the mechanism of MIC induced by SRB. The novel technologies and methods for control of SRB biofilm which provide reference for control of SRB corrosion are introduced.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-31 Cooperative journals: 《材料研究学报》
Abstract： The in vitro biocompatibility of a novel magnesium phosphate whisker (M-PW) was evaluated by real-time cellular analysis (RTCA) and Annexin-V/PI double marking methods, and its antibacterial property was evaluated by co-culture method. Results show that the in vitro biocompatibility of the MPW decreased with the increase of M-PW in the suspensions. It possessed excellent in vitro biocompatibility for the suspensions containing 500 μg/mL or lower amount of the M-PW. It had no toxic effect on osteoblast cells for the suspension with 50 and 200 μg/mL of M-PW respectively. The antibacterial efficacy of the suspensions increased with the increasing amount of M-PW. The antibacterial efficacy against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus achieved 96.84% and 99.93％ respectively for the suspension with 500 μg/mL of M-PW, demonstrating that the novel phosphorous-magnesium whisker possesses excellent antibacterial property.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-31 Cooperative journals: 《材料研究学报》
Abstract： The cold rolling with different reduction degrees for a new type high- nitrogen nickel- free stainless steel was conducted, then the cold deformation performance and its effect on the friction wear property for the steel were studied. The results showed that the microstructure of the steel was stable and there was no strain-induced martensite even by the maximum deformation of 60%. As the cold deformation increased, the strength and hardness of the steel increased rapidly while the elongation and workhardening exponent decreased gradually. There existed a trend that the wear rate of the steel decreased firstly and then increased with the increasing cold deformation, whilst, the best wear resistance can be achieved by 20% cold deformation for the loads of 2 N and 5 N, and by 40% cold deformation for 10 N, respectively. Moreover, the main wear mechanism of the high- nitrogen nickel- free stainless steel changed from abrasive wear, oxidation wear and brittle flaking to abrasive wear and brittle flaking with the increasing cold deformation and load.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-31 Cooperative journals: 《材料研究学报》
Abstract： People realized that microbes can cause serious microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) attack on metals since a century ago. In the past 20 years, the research relevant to MIC became more and more important due to severe damages and huge economic losses caused by microorganisms. Due to a lack of understanding, MIC has even been considered to be a“myth”in the field of corrosion, therefore, a theory which can cogently explain MIC phenomena is needed. The latest research result indicated that MIC is a bioelectrochemical process in essence. When the organic carbon is not available or fully consumed, metal such as iron would replace organic carbons as an electron donor for microorganisms, resulting in the occurrence of MIC. In addition, another theory related with the mechanism of MIC is that microbes could secrete corrosive metabolites such as organic acids. It is well known that corrosion is an exergonic process, and the microorganisms would utilize the energy released by the corrosion of metal to obtain their maintenance energy. Currently, electrochemical methods are widely used in MIC research, and the classical cathodic depolarization theory (CDT) was proposed based on electrochemistry. However, if only from the perspective of the electrochemistry, many phenomena of MIC can not be cogently explained. Researchers realized that the knowledge of bioenergetics and bioelectrochemistry may be the key to better understand the interactions between microorganisms and metals and then the process of MIC. This review is to summarize the recent works, and introduce the latest theories concerning the mechanism of MIC emphatically, such as biocatalytic cathodic sulfate reduction (BCSR) and electrical microbial influenced corrosion (EMIC). The introduction of the novel perspective to study MIC from bioenergetics and bioelectrochemistry is also provided in this review. Based on bioenergetics and bioelectrochemistry, the BCSR theory can cogently explain how and why MIC happens, which has been a longterm unsolved research problem.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-31 Cooperative journals: 《材料研究学报》
Abstract： Oxidation behavior of two ferrite/martensite(F/M) steels, namely a novel 9%-12% Cr modified F/M steel (SIMP steel) and a commercial T91 steel were comparatively studied in air at 800oC. The oxide scales formed on the two steels were characterized by XRD, SEM and EPMA. The results show that the oxide scale formed on SIMP steel is single-layer composed of Cr2O3 and Mn1.5Cr1.5O4 spinel particles, and Si was enriched at the interface between the chromia scale and matrix; while the oxide scale formed on T91 steel has a double layered structure with an outer hematite Fe2O3 layer and an inner Fe-Cr spinel layer. The SIMP steel has better high temperature oxidation resistance than T91 steel, which may be due to the higher content of Cr and Si beneficial to the formation of the compact oxide scale on the SIMP steel.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-19 Cooperative journals: 《金属学报》
Abstract： Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steels are being developed as a promising structural material for next-generation nuclear energy systems, due to its excellent resistance to both irradiation damage and high-temperature creep. In this work, the mechanical alloying (MA) and hot isostatic pressing (HIP) technologies were used to prepare a ODS low-activation steel, based on the China low activation martensitic (CLAM) steel. SEM, XRD analysis and EPMA were used to examine the particle size, alloying element distribution and lattice distortion of the ball-milled powders. In order to obtain uniform powders, CLAM powders with 0.3%Y2O3 particles should be milled with hard steel balls of 6 mm in diameter for 50 h in Ar protective atmosphere, and the ball- to- powder weight ratio at 10∶1. The microstructure of well-prepared ODS-CLAM steel was stable till 1200 ℃ for 1 h, with grain size of 50~60 mm and martensitic lath width of 200 nm, meanwhile, the Y2O3 particles could still be found in the steel matrix.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2017-11-21 Cooperative journals: 《金属学报》
Abstract：本研究利用多弧离子镀技术在Ti6Al4V表面沉积纯Mg薄膜，研究了不同工作气压对纯Mg薄膜表面质量及性能的影响，研究了纯Mg薄膜的体外降解等性能、抗菌性及生物安全性能。结果表明：多弧离子镀方法可将纯Mg薄膜制备于钛合金表面，薄膜颗粒均匀致密，未见明显缺陷。体外浸泡实验结果表明:由于Ti6Al4V与Mg发生电偶腐蚀而使Mg薄膜迅速降解，1周时间内薄膜基本降解完毕。抗菌实验结果表明:纯Mg薄膜样品对金黄色葡萄球菌具有强烈的杀灭作用，表现出良好的抗细菌感染功能。细胞毒性实验结果表明:纯Mg薄膜可促进骨髓间充质干细胞（rBMSCs）的增殖。
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2017-03-31 Cooperative journals: 《金属学报》
Abstract：采用真空感应炉制备316L-50Mn初始合金，然后通过真空环境下Mn升华去合金制备多孔不锈钢，应用SEM、EDS和XRD等对物理真空去合金工艺方法制备的多孔不锈钢进行分析，并研究去合金过程中温度以及时间对孔的形成、发展以及孔的形貌的影响。结果表明，物理真空去合金工艺可以制备多孔不锈钢，其孔隙率为30%~60%，孔径为0.5~3 μm，多孔层深度达到15~55 μm。真空热处理温度和时间是物理真空去合金制备方法的2个关键因素，处理温度主要通过影响Mn元素挥发和体扩散速率进而影响孔的形貌，而处理时间对多孔层的深度起到主要作用。
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2017-03-31 Cooperative journals: 《金属学报》
Abstract：为了评价反应堆候选结构材料与液态金属的相容性，本工作针对低活化马氏体钢在液态Pb-Bi共晶中的拉伸脆化现象，采用2种拉伸速率的拉伸实验，研究了中国低活化马氏体钢（CLAM）在200~500 oC范围内的Ar气和液态Pb-Bi共晶环境中的拉伸断裂行为。结果表明，在Ar气环境中拉伸时，CLAM钢均为韧性断裂；而在液态Pb-Bi共晶环境中拉伸时，在300~450 oC温度下会出现脆性断裂现象。在300~450 oC脆化温度区间内试样强度变化不大，但总延伸率显著降低，出现“韧谷”现象。然而拉伸温度在低于或高于脆化温度区间时，脆断现象消失，总延伸率回复到与对比试样相同水平。在更低的拉伸速率下， CLAM钢发生“韧谷”现象的温度区间明显扩大，表明拉伸速率对CLAM钢在液态Pb-Bi共晶中的脆化也有影响。经低温回火硬化后，CLAM钢在液态Pb-Bi共晶中出现拉伸脆化现象是由于液态Pb-Bi接触裂纹尖端后造成表面能降低，进而降低临界解理应力而发生脆性断裂。
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2016-11-15 Cooperative journals: 《金属学报》
Abstract：本文采用高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)和原子探针层析技术(APT)等分析手段研究了一种多相强化型马氏体时效不锈钢时效过程中的元素偏聚特征及其与材料力学/耐蚀性能的关系。结果表明，实验钢在时效过程中析出三种强化相，即富Mo的R′相、Ni3Ti金属间化合物η相和富Cr的α′相，其中R′相与η相一起形成核壳状结构，α′相则单独弥散分布于基体中。时效时间延长至40h后，主要强化相η相的成分、数量密度和等效半径基本稳定，同时实验钢的强度不再发生明显的变化，这种优异的抗过时效能力得益于主要强化相形成的核壳状结构。腐蚀试验结果表明，由于富Cr的α′相的析出，导致了贫Cr区的形成，进而降低了实验钢的耐蚀性能。
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2016-11-15 Cooperative journals: 《金属学报》
Abstract：加速器驱动次临界ADS（Accelerator Driven Subcritical system）系统由加速器、散裂靶、反应堆三部分组成，被认为是安全处理核废料最具前景的技术方案。其中，散裂靶用结构材料需要同时具有耐高温、抗辐照、抗液态金属腐蚀等性能。针对这一挑战研发了新型核用马氏体耐热钢－SIMP钢。通过制衡9-12Cr%马氏体耐热钢中C、Cr、Si等重要元素含量对耐高温、抗辐照、抗液态金属腐蚀性能的影响，获得了SIMP钢优化的化学成分，极好地平衡了SIMP钢耐高温、抗辐照、抗液态金属腐蚀三方面性能。以1吨级和5吨级SIMP钢为实验材料的各项性能测试结果表明，SIMP钢是ADS系统中散裂靶的首选结构材料。
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2016-11-15 Cooperative journals: 《金属学报》
Abstract：通过对商用X80管线钢进行适当的Cu合金化功能性改进，制备出不同Cu含量(1.06%Cu，1.46%Cu，2.00%Cu)的新型管线钢。利用抗菌性能检测、电化学测试、腐蚀产物分析、激光共聚焦显微镜(CLSM)等方法研究了含铜管线钢的抗菌性能和微生物腐蚀行为。研究表明，含铜管线钢对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均具有强烈的杀灭作用，以多边形铁素体为特征的1.0Cu管线钢能够保证在X80钢强韧性的水平下具有优异的抗微生物腐蚀性能。含铜管线钢中富铜相对抗微生物腐蚀性能起到了关键作用。1.0Cu钢和X80钢的线性极化电阻(LPR)在含有硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)的土壤浸出液中浸泡2天后均急剧下降，导致X80钢的腐蚀电流密度明显大于1.0Cu钢。显微观察表明，大量生物膜的生成导致在SRB环境中的X80钢的点蚀数量和最大点蚀坑深度均高于1.0Cu钢(23.6μmvs1.9μm)。
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2016-11-04 Cooperative journals: 《金属学报》
Abstract：利用抗菌性能检测、硬度测试、透射电镜观察、激光共聚焦显微镜观察和扫描电镜观察等手段研究了时效处理对3Cr13MoCu马氏体不锈钢抗菌性能的影响。研究结果表明，随着时效温度的升高，3Cr13MoCu马氏体不锈钢中的富Cu相不断长大，对金黄色葡萄球菌的杀菌率不断提高，但其硬度迅速下降。而在500 ℃进行时效处理时，延长时效时间至10~14 h后，钢中富Cu相含量不断增加，其抗菌性能和硬度均不断提高。结合抗菌性能和硬度测试结果，确定3Cr13MoCu不锈钢的优化热处理制度为：1080 ℃固溶30 min，水冷 + 500 ℃时效10~14 h，空冷。在此抗菌热处理工艺下，3Cr13MoCu不锈钢表现出了非常优异的抗菌性能，在杀灭游离态细菌的同时，还可以有效地抑制表面细菌生物膜的形成。
Hits
Hits
Downloads
Comment