Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2023-12-16 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract： This study used yield and water and fertilizer usage efficiency as targets to explore a magnetized water fertilization system suitable for tomato processing via drip irrigation under film. Four magnetized water samples with an intensity of 0 Gs (M0), 2000 Gs (M1), 3000 Gs (M2), and 4000 Gs (M3) as well as three nitrogen application levels of 200 kg N·hm−2 (N1), 250 kg N·hm−2 (N2), and 300 kg N·hm−2 (N3) were set up, and a split zone test design was adopted. Field experiments were conducted. By monitoring the soil moisture content, plant height, stem diameter, and above- ground biomass during the growth period of processed tomatoes, combined with the final yield index, the effects of magnetic nitrogen combination on the water and fertilizer usage efficiency of processed tomatoes were explored. The results showed that magnetized water drip irrigation significantly increased soil moisture content and soil water storage. Magnetic nitrogen coupling was also shown to significantly increase the soil moisture content in the 20- 40 cm soil layer. When the magnetized water intensity was 2270-3678 Gs and the nitrogen rate was 220-230 kg·hm-2, the growth of processed tomatoes was promoted. However, when the magnetization intensity was greater than 4000 Gs and the nitrogen rate was more than 250 kg · hm- 2, the growth of processed tomatoes could not be further improved. As magnetization was increased, the yield and water and fertilizer use efficiency of processed tomatoes increased before decreasing. As the nitrogen application rate was increased, the yield and water use efficiency increased, but the partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer decreased. Among them, the M2N3 treatment had the highest yield and water use efficiency (169.67 t ·hm- 2 and 35.61 kg ·m- 3), while the M2N1 treatment had the highest nitrogen partial productivity (822.54 kg·kg-1). Using regression and spatial analyses, the magnetic nitrogen range of yield, water use efficiency, and nitrogen partial productivity was 2270-3678 Gs and 220-230 kg N·hm- 2. This study can provide theoretical support for the scientific application of magnetized water and nitrogen fertilizer in tomato processing in Xinjiang and provide scientific guidance for optimizing the magnetic nitrogen combination configuration to improve the yield of tomato processing.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2023-12-04 Cooperative journals: 《智慧农业（中英文）》
CHENG Yuxin
XUE Bowen
KONG Yuanyuan
YAO Dongliang
TIAN Long
WANG Xue
YAO Xia
ZHU Yan
CAO Weixing
CHENG Tao
Abstract： Objective Rice blast is considered as the most destructive disease that threatens global rice production and causes severe economic losses worldwide. The detection of rice blast in an early manner plays an important role in resistance breeding and plant protection. At present, most studies on rice blast detection have been devoted to its symptomatic stage, while none of previous studies have used so‐lar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) to monitor rice leaf blast (RLB) at early stages. This research was conducted to investigate the early identification of RLB infected leaves based on solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence at different leaf positions. Methods Greenhouse experiments and field trials were conducted separately in Nanjing and Nantong in July and August, 2021, in order to record SIF data of the top 1th to 4th leaves of rice plants at jointing and heading stages with an Analytical Spectral Devices (ASD) spectrometer coupled with a FluoWat leaf clip and a halogen lamp. At the same time, the disease severity levels of the measured samples were manually collected according to the GB/T 15790-2009 standard. After the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) of SIF spectra, separability assessment and feature selection were applied to SIF spectra. Wavelet features sensitive to RLB were extracted, and the sensitive features and their identification accuracy of infected leaves for different leaf positions were compared. Finally, RLB identification models were constructed based on linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Results and Discussion The results showed that the upward and downward SIF in the far-red region of infected leaves at each leaf position were significantly higher than those of healthy leaves. This may be due to the infection of the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, which may have destroyed the chloroplast structure, and ultimately inhibited the primary reaction of photosynthesis. In addition, both the upward and downward SIF in the red region and the far-red region increased with the decrease of leaf position. The sensitive wavelet features varied by leaf position, while most of them were distributed in the steep slope of the SIF spectrum and wavelet scales 3, 4 and 5. The sensitive features of the top 1th leaf were mainly located at 665-680 nm, 755-790 nm and 815-830 nm. For the top 2th leaf, the sensitive features were mainly found at 665-680 nm and 815-830 nm. For the top 3th one, most of the sensitive features lay at 690 nm, 755-790 nm and 815-830 nm, and the sensitive bands around 690 nm were observed. The sensitive features of the top 4th leaf were primarily located at 665-680 nm, 725 nm and 815-830 nm, and the sensitive bands around 725 nm were observed. The wavelet features of the common sensitive region (665-680 nm), not only had physiological significance, but also coincided with the chlorophyll absorption peak that allowed for reasonable spectral interpretation. There were differences in the accuracy of RLB identification models at different leaf positions. Based on the upward and downward SIF, the overall accuracies of the top 1th leaf were separately 70% and 71%, which was higher than other leaf positions. As a result, the top 1th leaf was an ideal indicator leaf to diagnose RLB in the field. The classification accuracy of SIF wavelet features were higher than the original SIF bands. Based on CWT and feature selection, the overall accuracy of the upward and downward optimal features of the top 1th to 4th leaves reached 70.13%、63.70%、 64.63%、64.53% and 70.90%、63.12%、62.00%、64.02%, respectively. All of them were higher than the canopy monitoring feature F760, whose overall accuracy was 69.79%, 61.31%, 54.41%, 61.33% and 69.99%, 58.79%, 54.62%, 60.92%, respectively. This may be caused by the differences in physiological states of the top four leaves. In addition to RLB infection, the SIF data of some top 3th and top 4th leaves may also be affected by leaf senescence, while the SIF data of top 1th leaf, the latest unfolding leaf of rice plants was less affected by other physical and chemical parameters. This may explain why the top 1th leaf responded to RLB earlier than other leaves. The results also showed that the common sensitive features of the four leaf positions were also concentrated on the steep slope of the SIF spectrum, with better classification performance around 675 and 815 nm. The classification accuracy of the optimal common features, ↑WF832,3 and ↓WF809,3, reached 69.45%, 62.19%, 60.35%, 63.00% and 69.98%, 62.78%, 60.51%, 61.30% for the top 1th to top 4th leaf positions, respectively. The optimal common features, ↑WF832,3 and ↓WF809,3, were both located in wavelet scale 3 and 800-840nm, which may be related to the destruction of the cell structure in response to Magnaporthe oryzae infection. Conclusions In this study, the SIF spectral response to RLB was revealed, and the identification models of the top 1th leaf were found to be most precise among the top four leaves. In addition, the common wavelet features sensitive to RLB, ↑WF832,3 and ↓WF809,3, were extracted with the identification accuracy of 70%. The results proved the potential of CWT and SIF for RLB detection, which can provide important reference and technical support for the early, rapid and non-destructive diagnosis of RLB in the field.
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Other Disciplines of Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science submitted time 2023-02-17 Cooperative journals: 《智慧农业（中英文）》
Abstract： Solar insecticidal lamps (SILs) are widely used in agriculture for the purpose of effectively controlling pests and reducing pesticide dosage. With the increasing deployment of SILs, there are more and more reports about theft and destruction of SILs, seriously affecting the pest control effect and leading to great economic losses. Unfortunately, many efforts remain unsuccessful, since people can destruct the components of SIL in part but not steal the whole SIL, which cannot be detected by GPRS module or can only be labeled as a fault of component. To realize the broader effect of anti-theft and anti-destruction in the scenario of Solar Insecticidal Lamps Internet of Things (SIL-IoTs), there were two types of designs which would enable substantial improvements. On one hand, SIL was reformed and designed to obtain more information from different kinds of sensors and increase the difficulty of theft and destruction of SILs. Four modules were equipped including gated switch, voltage and current module, emergency power module, acceleration sensor module. Gated switch was used to judge whether the gate of power was open or closed. Voltage and current module of battery, solar panel, lamp, and metal mesh were used to judge whether the components were stolen or destructed. Emergency power module was used for communication module after the battery being stolen. Acceleration sensor module was used to judge whether the SIL was shaking by stealer. On the other hand, the auxiliary equipment of SIL, i.e., unmanned aerial vehicle insecticidal lamp (UAV-IL), was put forward for emergency applications after theft and destruction of SIL, e.g., deployment, tracking, patrol inspection, and so on. Through the above-mentioned hardware design and application of UAV-IL, more information from different kinds of sensors could be obtained to make judgements about the situation of theft and destruction. However, considering the short occurrence time of theft and destruction, the design was not enough to realize fast and accurate judgments. Therefore, six key research issues in the design of internal hardware, software algorithm and appearance structure design level were discussed, including 1) optimal design of anti-theft and anti-destruction of SILs; 2) establishment of anti-theft and anti-destruction judgment rules of SILs; 3) fast and accurate judgments of theft and destruction of SILs; 4) emergency measures after theft and destruction of SILs; and 5) prediction and prevention of theft and destruction of SILs; 6) optimal calculation to reduce the load of network data transmission. The anti-theft and anti-destruction have crucial roles in equipment safety, which can be extended to various agricultural applications.
Subjects: Nursing >> Nursing submitted time 2022-10-21
Abstract： Objective To evaluate the Rosenthal effect in clinical teaching and training of newly recruited surgical nurses. Methods Totally 60 newly recruited surgical nurses were divided into two groups: the control group (n = 30) and the observation group (n = 30). The members of the control group received routine clinical teaching and training. A Study of Rosenthal Effect was carried out on the group members, teachers, head nurses and full-time teachers of the observation group, aiming to increase the teachers'' sense of investment and initiative, drive the newly recruited nurses'' learning motivation and improving their self-confidence. In the third and sixth month, all the newly recruited nurses were tested in theoretical knowledge and practical skills, and psychology and feedback from teachers was measures. Results There were significant differences in the time effect and inter group effect of the scores of theoretical test, practice assessment, professional identity and retention intention and satisfaction with teaching between the two groups（P＜0.05）. Conclusion Rosenthal Effect is conducive to improve the professional identity and investment of newly recruited surgical nurses, and reduce their turnover intention. It is of great significance to stabilize the operating room nursing staff and promote the construction of new nurses'' specialization.
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astronomical Instruments and Techniques submitted time 2018-06-21 Cooperative journals: 《天文研究与技术》
Abstract： After years of observation, Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory(XAO) Nanshan 26 meters radio telescope (referred to as NSRT) had accumulated massive scientific data. A remote backup system was established for the online data storage of NSRT, this redundant storage system contains two storage clusters, one cluster was in XAO headquarters and another one located in Nanshan station, the real-time synchronization of NSRT data can be realized between two storage clusters. Based on the object storage technology, centralized Luster storage system was created for storage clusters, and the I/O performance test of luster systems was finished. Redundant storage system solved the online archive and data safety issue for NSRT data.
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2018-05-15 Cooperative journals: 《天文研究与技术》
Abstract：新疆天文台Taurus高性能计算系统由1个登陆节点、16个计算节点、2个I/O节点、100TB高速存储组成。其CPU理论双精浮点计算能力6.7584Tflops，通过Linpack测试实际峰值为6.289Tflops,可提供计算能力为理论值的93.06%；GPU理论计算能力18.72 Tflops，实际测试计算峰值为14.882Tflops,计算效率为理论能力的79.5%。系统计算与存储节点均采用56Gb Infiniband交换互连，通过IOZone测试存储系统，单节点写可达460MB/s,多节点写可达800MB/s。系统已在多相滤波及消干扰GPU算法加速、蒙特卡罗模拟等领域得到了应用。
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2017-09-26 Cooperative journals: 《天文研究与技术》
Abstract：经过多年观测，新疆天文台积累了大量珍贵的观测数据。如何高效管理快速增长的海量观测数据，如何实现全波段观测数据的融合及未来更大口径望远镜产生的海量数据归档与发布是目前新疆天文台急需解决的问题。新疆天文台数据中心面向天文学科研需求提供天文科学数据服务和基拙设施，由新疆天文台计算机技术室负责运行与维护。数据中心以最新的虚拟天文台相关标准为基拙建设，基本服务包括:为天文观测项目提供数据保存、管理和发布服务;为有价值的天文科学数据及二次处理后的数据提供长期保存和访问服务;为用户提供科学数据归档与发布服务及相关技术支持。数据资源主要有:新疆天文台25 m射电望远镜的脉冲星观测数据;活动星系核观测数据以及分子谱线观测数据。提供的数据服务有:PPMXL星表锥形检索;海量星表数据在线交又认证;统一内容描述符信息查询等服务。主要介绍新疆天文台数据中心建设及其提供的服务，如何使用已发布的服务在线检索数据及利用标准虚拟天文台工具实现数据操作。
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