Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-19 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： In the last decade, microplastic pollution in marine environments has aroused great concern of international society. The adverse biological impacts of microplastics on marine biota directly promote the issue of laws to ban the sale or distribution of cosmetics containing synthetic plastic microbeads. However, it is still necessary to find more scientific evidences for the testification of potential harms of microplastics to the ecological and human health in order to take the further action to manage and control the global microplastic pollution. This paper emphasizes that it is urgent to study the ecological and health hazards of marine microplastics. The prospects and challenges in this field are also discussed. Furthermore, the measures to solve microplastic pollution in marine environments are proposed and a precautionary principle in administration is recommended with an aim to elevate management capacity for controlling microplastic pollution in marine environments in the future.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-19 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Microplastic pollution problems in freshwater environment have attracted growing attention from scholars at home and abroad. This work reviewed the research progress on microplastics in freshwater environment in China, analyzed the sources, environmental behavior and fate of microplastics in freshwater environment, and discussed the ecological environment effect of microplastic pollution. Studies showed that microplastic pollution is ubiquitously presented in rivers and lake in China. Microplastics have been detected with abundances up to 107 items/km2 in freshwater, which is higher than those reported from marine environment. Microplastics detected in the freshwater environment showed different shape, size, and color features, are made from different polymer types, and are able to carry other contaminants. These features partly reflect the source and experience of microplastics, and are related to their environmental behavior and ecological environment effect. Research has also demonstrated that microplastics are commonly presented in fishes and mollusks collected from freshwater environment, microplastic exposure is able to affect the health of individual organisms as well as alter the structure and function of ecosystem. Therefore, microplastics are considered as emerging contaminants. In view of the microplastic pollution status and problem in freshwater environment, microplastic pollution control strategies were proposed based on watershed management thought. It is suggested that China should further improve the relevant policies and regulations, strengthen the implementation of policies and regulations, so as to ensure the health of freshwater ecosystem and the sustainable use of freshwater resources.
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