Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Soil Science submitted time 2023-05-30 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract： After ecological restoration in Horqin Sandy Land, the soil moisture dynamics of the forest and its response to rainfall affect whether Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica(PSM) can be continuously used for the ecological restoration in the same type of area. To study the characteristics of soil moisture dynamics after vegetation restoration on the southern edge of Horqin Sandy Land, this study used the methods of in situ observation and numerical simulation and corrected the HYDRUS-1D model based on the measured data of soil moisture to explore its relationship with rainfall. We obtained the following results: (1) The regional moisture distribution was changed by the PSM plantation, deep soil recharge at 2.0 m in bare sand accounted for 44.16% of the annual rainfall, whereas deep soil recharge at 2.0 m in PSM land accounted for only 0.7% of the annual rainfall. (2) Soil moisture below a depth of 0.4 m had no response to light rain, but the response depth of soil moisture to moderate rain could reach 1.0 m. The response depth to heavy rain and rainstorm involved the entire observation profile. With increasing soil depth, a decreasing trend was observed in the variation in moisture fluctuation. (3) There was a strong correlation between rainfall and volumetric soil water content at shallow depth, and the cumulative rainfall at weekly and semi- monthly intervals was significantly correlated with the volumetric soil water content of each layer(P<0.05). Rainfall >50 mm can ensure the supply of soil moisture within 2.0 m. (4) The determination coefficient of the model was between 0.61 and 0.85, and the root mean square error ranged from 0.0061 to 0.0096 cm -3·cm -3. The accuracy of the deep layer simulation was higher than that of the shallow layer. These results have important implications for rain- fed vegetation afforestation in the Horqin Sandy Land.
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Resource Sciences >> Basic Disciplines of Environmental Science and Technology submitted time 2021-01-26 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract：本文以2 a生小胡杨2号幼苗为研究对象，采用盆栽持续干旱的方法探究其光合及生理特征对干旱逆境的响应，结果表明：（1）随干旱胁迫程度加剧，小胡杨2号主动调节自身光合机制以适应逆境条件，其净光合速率（Pn）等参数日变化曲线均由双峰型变为单峰型；同时，小胡杨2号积极调整水分利用策略，维持高水分利用效率以应对干旱环境。（2）轻度及中度干旱胁迫提升了小胡杨2号对强光的利用效率；重度干旱胁迫下苗木降低呼吸消耗保存光合产物、提高对弱光的利用能力以抵御干旱逆境。（3）经回归拟合，小胡杨2号Pn、蒸腾速率（Tr）、水分利用效率（WUE）与土壤含水量存在相应数学关系，确定适宜小胡杨2号幼苗生长的最优土壤水分范围为7.3% ~ 11.0%。（4）小胡杨2号通过积累渗透调节物质与提高抗氧化酶活性来减轻干旱胁迫的伤害作用，但重度干旱也会使其保护酶活性受到抑制，最终使膜脂过氧化程度加深。综上，小胡杨2号作为抗旱性良好的喜光树种，可广泛用于固沙造林、植被恢复等，在干旱半干旱地区林业建设中具有良好的推广前景。
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Resource Sciences >> Basic Disciplines of Environmental Science and Technology submitted time 2020-06-22 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract：降水是干旱半旱地区土壤水分的主要来源，对该区植被恢复具有重要意义。本文采用EC-5土壤水分传感器对2014—2015年0~120 cm土壤水分进行连续监测，研究了退耕后不同恢复年限草地土壤水分动态变化及其0~40 cm土壤10 min时间尺度土壤水分对降水的响应。结果表明：土壤水分从恢复5 a草地向恢复15 a草地逐渐降低，这种降低趋势在恢复30 a草地减弱。恢复5 a草地土壤水分增幅最小，响应次数最少。单次降雨事件中，土壤水分增长过程和衰减过程均符合Logistic模型。恢复5 a草地相对稳定期(平台期)历时最长；恢复15 a草地土壤水分在表层(0~5，5~10 cm)增速最快，而在下层(20~40 cm)增速减慢且响应时间滞后；恢复30 a草地在下层(20~40 cm)增速最快。建议对恢复草地应适当采取措施，促进降雨向深层土壤水分转化，并减少恢复初期平台期历时。
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