Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： This study focuses on the strategies, targets and policy measures for carbon neutrality in global major economies. The research shows that due to the different socio-economic and political foundations, the transition strategy towards carbon neutrality in major economies is also varied, which can be divided into four categories: leading strategy, growth strategy, following strategy, and swing strategy. Most of them build carbon neutrality target system with the framework of “target roadmap+targets in key areas”, but leading countries usually integrate targets into legislation and thus the objective is legally binding, while others tend to weaken emission reduction targets and focus on the development goals of emerging industries. The main reason is that the existing technologies fail to support the realization of carbon neutrality. Most economies attach importance to S&T innovation for carbon neutrality with the purpose of increasing industrial competitiveness. But the pursuit of “local manufacturing” in Europe and America may not be conducive to reducing the cost of new technologies. In terms of market incentives, carbon emission trading market is widely used, but the carbon pricing mechanism still needs to be further optimized. This study has important enlightenment significance for China to improve carbon neutrality policy.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Building a policy system conducive to peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality is critical to achieving the dual carbon goals on schedule. This study sorts out and analyzes the 168 low-carbon policy texts since the 11th Five-Year Plan. It finds out the overall situation of China’s low-carbon policies, as well as the characteristics of the number, effectiveness, measures of policies, and clarifies the gap in the current low-carbon policies. On this basis, around the phased characteristics of the realization of the dual carbon goals, the future policy framework of peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality is drawn, including the timetable and policy road-map. Further, the challenges of the development path shifting are analyzed from resource-dependent to technology-driven in the context of carbon neutrality. Finally, the general policies and technological innovation policies are proposed to promote the implementation of the goal of peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality during the 14th Five-Year Plan period.
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Resource Sciences >> Basic Disciplines of Environmental Science and Technology submitted time 2017-09-20 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract：全球变暖会对人类和生态系统造成严重、普遍和不可逆转的影响。从《京都议定书》到《巴黎协定》，关于碳减排的多方会谈一直在艰难中前行。2017年6月初，美国宣布退出《巴黎协定》，给不容乐观的全球减排前景又添加了一层阴影。我国作为全球最大的发展中国家，人口众多，地形地貌复杂多样，极易遭受气候变化不利影响，气候变暖带来的社会系统风险不断增加。当前，我国处于国内经济转型和践行“一带一路”倡议的重大历史时期，应当从维护国家安全的高度看待应对气候变化问题，充分发挥我国在全球气候治理体系中的领导力。这既是我国广泛参与全球治理、构建人类命运共同体的责任担当，更是实现可持续发展，推动绿色低碳转型，提高我国综合竞争力的内在要求。
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