Approaching the Purcell factor limit with whispering-gallery hyperbolic phonon polaritons in hBN nanotubes

分类： 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间： 2023-02-19

Xiangdong Guo Ning Li Xiaoxia Yang Ruishi Qi Chenchen Wu Ruochen Shi Yuehui Li Yang Huang F. Javier García de Abajo En-Ge Wang Peng Gao Qing Dai

摘要： Enhanced light-matter interaction at the nanoscale is pivotal in the foundation of nonlinear optics, quantum optics, and nanophotonics, which are essential for a vast range of applications including single-photon sources, nanolasers, and nanosensors. In this context, the combination of strongly confined polaritons and low-loss nanocavities provides a promising way to enhance light-matter interaction, thus giving rise to a high density of optical states, as quantified by the so-called Purcell factor - the ratio of the decay rate of an optical quantum emitter to its value in free space. Here, we exploit whispering-gallery hyperbolic-phonon-polariton (WG-HPhP) modes in hBN nanotubes (BNNTs) to demonstrate record-high Purcell factors (~10^12) driven by the deep-subwavelength confinement of phonon polaritons and the low intrinsic losses in these atomically smooth nanocavities. Furthermore, the measured Purcell factor increases with decreasing BNNT radius down to 5 nm, a result that extrapolates to ~10^14 in a single-walled BNNT. Our study supports WG-HPhP modes in one-dimensional nanotubes as a powerful platform for investigating ultrastrong light-matter interactions, which open exciting perspectives for applications in single-molecular sensors and nanolasers.

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