Focus the electromagnetic field to $10^{-6} \lambda$ for ultra-high enhancement of field-matter interaction

分类： 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间： 2023-02-19

Xiang-Dong Chen En-Hui Wang Long-Kun Shan Ce Feng Yu Zheng Yang Dong Guang-Can Guo Fang-Wen Sun

摘要： Focusing electromagnetic field to enhance the interaction with matter has been promoting researches and applications of nano electronics and photonics. Usually, the evanescent-wave coupling is adopted in various nano structures and materials to confine the electromagnetic field into a subwavelength space. Here, based on the direct coupling with confined electron oscillations in a nanowire, we demonstrate an extreme localization of microwave field down to 10$^{-6}\lambda$. A hybrid nanowire-bowtie antenna is further designed to focus the free-space microwave to this deep-subwavelength space. Detected by the nitrogen vacancy center in diamond, the field intensity and microwave-spin interaction strength are enhanced by 2.0$\times$10$^{8}$ and 1.4$\times$10$^{4}$ times, respectively. Such an extreme concentration of microwave field will further promote integrated quantum information processing, sensing and microwave photonics in a nanoscale system.

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