113 km Free-Space Time-Frequency Dissemination at the 19th Decimal Instability

Subjects: Optics >> Quantum optics submitted time 2023-02-19

Qi Shen Jian-Yu Guan Ji-Gang Ren Ting Zeng Lei Hou Min Li Yuan Cao Jin-Jian Han Meng-Zhe Lian Yan-Wei Chen Xin-Xin Peng Shao-Mao Wang Dan-Yang Zhu Xi-Ping Shi Zheng-Guo Wang Ye Li Wei-Yue Liu Ge-Sheng Pan Yong Wang Zhao-Hui Li

Abstract： Optical clock networks play important roles in various fields, such as precise navigation, redefinition of "second" unit, and gravitational tests. To establish a global-scale optical clock network, it is essential to disseminate time and frequency with a stability of $10^{-19}$ over a long-distance free-space link. However, such attempts were limited to dozens of kilometers in mirror-folded configuration. Here, we take a crucial step toward future satellite-based time-frequency disseminations. By developing the key technologies, including high-power frequency combs, high-stability and high-efficiency optical transceiver systems, and efficient linear optical sampling, we demonstrate free-space time-frequency dissemination over two independent links with femtosecond time deviation, $3\times10^{-19}$ at 10,000 s residual instability and $1.6\times10^{-20}\pm 4.3\times10^{-19}$ offset. This level of the stability retains for an increased channel loss up to 89 dB. Our work can not only be directly used in ground-based application, but also firmly laid the groundwork for future satellite time-frequency dissemination.

Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review

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