Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-03-27 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： As the cornerstone of modern information technology, chips are the strategic commanding heights of competition game and industrial development of countries all over the world. In recent years, the United States has taken advantage of its technological advances to successively introduce chip laws against China, which seriously violates the laws of market economy and has a significant impact on the global semiconductor industry chain. This study first sorts out the development pattern of the global semiconductor industry, and then introduces the background, content and purpose of CHIPS and Science Act of 2022. Then, it analyzes the impact of the Act on the global chip market, China’s chip industry and other related industries, and China’s economy. Finally, it puts forward countermeasures based on China’s actual conditions.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2023-12-03 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Firstly, from the perspective of the internal consistency between the characteristics of Chinese path to modernization and the Internet spirit, this study reveals the importance of developing the digital economy for achieving Chinese path to modernization, and expounds the internal logic of digital economy enabling Chinese path to modernization. Then, it analyzes the challenges and problems faced by the construction of Chinese path to modernization from the aspects of the construction of basic scientific and technological capacity of digital economy, the coordination mechanism of data elements, the structural imbalance of digital development, governance system and security system. Finally, based on the actual situation of China’s new development pattern, policy suggestions are put forward from four aspects: deepening the mechanism to strengthen core technology research and development, improving the construction of data infrastructure systems, improving the problem of imbalanced and insufficient development, and innovating the collaborative governance mechanism between the government and the market.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2023-06-15 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract：党的二十大报告指出，高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务。以科技创新赋能产业高质量发展，是促进“经济高质量发展取得新突破，科技自立自强能力显著提升，构建新发展格局和建设现代化经济体系取得重大进展”的重要抓手。文章从历史与现实、理论与实践、目标与规划等方面梳理了一线科学家与经济学家的思考，提出了技术创新对于经济发展和国力提升的关键性作用，要减少资源消耗走集约化发展道路；从过去的技术追赶转向构建局部领先优势，从终端产品创新转向中间品创新，从鼓励集成创新转向鼓励原始创新；从产业界和技术领域发力，在微观层面建立起真正的市场竞争机制，形成以产业技术为主的科技文化导向等观点。
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： While cross-border data flow considerably improves the effectiveness of cross-border collaborations, it also faces issues of data sovereignty, national security, conflict of interest, privacy protection and data regulation. It has become a link to the global economy and the center of the game of the new order. First of all, this study analyzes the role of cross-border data flow in economic globalization from the perspective of the economic impact of data elements. It then analyzes the constraints of cross-border data flow in the global context and lists the benefits and drawbacks of China’s data element market construction. In the end, based on the practice of China’s digital economy development, the study puts forward policy recommendations of better integration of government with effective market, promoting R&D application of digital privacy technologies, playing the role of early and pilot implementation in free trade zones and free port areas, implementing differentiated regulatory policies of classification and grading, initiating multilateral agreements to export Chinese solutions for international data governance, and adhering to systemic thinking to lead the globalization of digital economy. It aims to promote the safe and orderly flow of cross-border data, so that China can better grasp the strategic opportunities in the globalization of digital economy.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The digital economy has become the core force in leading economic development and building a new international pattern, and it is the key to achieving high-quality development. How to monitor and evaluate the development level of the digital economy has become an important issue in formulating industrial and regulatory policies for the digital economy reasonably, ensuring the healthy and orderly development of the digital economy, and thus stabilizing the national economic development. The value-added-based statistical system, which was born from the industrial economy, is constrained by data and methods, so it is difficult to accurately measure the level of development of digital economy and effectively measure the social value brought by the development of digital economy. Based on the current situation of China’s digital economy development and systematic review of the theoretical basis and current methods of digital economy evaluation, this study combines the development law of digital economy and the target of China’s digital economy development, shifts the evaluation orientation from the perspective of “GDP only” to the perspective of high-quality development, and systematically builds a monitoring and evaluation indicator system that takes into account statistical scientificity, regional comparability, data continuity and evaluation operability. This study also combines the monitoring and evaluation system with the practice of Beijing’s global digital economy benchmark city construction, monitors and evaluates the digital economy based on high-quality development oriented to the development needs of Beijing’s digital economy. This is a useful exploration on how to monitor and evaluate the digital economy, and provides a reference for how the country and regions can grasp the law of digital economy development and build a digital economy monitoring and evaluation system according to local conditions.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract：以 ChatGPT及其大语言模型为代表的人工智能将对经济学研究范式产生深远影响。目前，经济学实证研究一般使用参数维数较少、经济可解释性较强的小模型。然而，经济金融系统是一个超高维动态复杂系统，受多种因素的影响，且这些因素之间的关系呈现非线性与时变性特征，小模型无法刻画其本质规律。大模型可有效减少系统偏差，更好刻画复杂经济系统的特征与运行规律；而海量数据的使用可避免模型过度拟合，使大模型具有较好的泛化能力即样本外预测能力。为支持经济学及社会科学其他领域的大模型的估计、推断与预测，需要利用人工智能技术整合各种异构、异源、异频数据，构建大规模计量经济学数据库，并加强大算力等信息技术基础设施建设。目前，ChatGPT 及大模型等前沿人工智能技术仍存在局限性，如：无法像人类一样进行批判性思考或想象，只有预测能力；基于大数据的人工智能因果推断本质上是一种统计关系推断，需要引入经济理论或实验方法帮助识别真正的因果关系；人工智能技术不能改变经济学实证研究从样本推断总体性质的本质；同时，由于互联网大数据存在大量虚假信息或样本选择偏差等问题，基于人工智能所获得的结论的可靠性需要验证。
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