Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Potato is the main crop and important pillar industry in poor mountainous areas of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the Loess Plateau in China. At present, there are several key common problems in potato production in these two regions, such as high incidence of diseases and insect pests, high chemical fertilizer usage but low utilization efficiency, imperfect seed potato breeding system and narrow market, which seriously restrict the sustainable development of potato industry. Taking Zhaotong of Yunnan Province and Dingxi of Gansu Province as examples, this study analyzes the advantages and necessity of developing seed potato industry in plateau poverty-stricken areas from the perspectives of ecological characteristics, location advantages and targeted poverty alleviation. It is proposed that the promotion of disease-resistant varieties, the introduction of green and efficient fertilizer application and pest control technologies, the establishment of specialized seed potato breeding technology system and large-scale base, as well as the expansion of seed potato market are effective measures for implementing poverty alleviation in the plateau regions.
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2018-07-13 Cooperative journals: 《天文研究与技术》
Abstract： 幸运成像技术是用于消除天文图像中大气湍流影响的高分辨率图像重建技术，传统的基于CPU的幸运成像算法难于实时化。本文利用FPGA并行处理的优势，设计了一种基于FPGA的幸运成像算法并构建了一个FPGA实验系统。该系统用FPGA完成了选图、配准、叠加的全部幸运成像算法流程，所得高分辨率图像与基于传统CPU算法处理的结果完全相同，但幸运成像算法的处理速度比传统CPU的处理速度快19倍。该算法在FPGA上的实现，为幸运成像技术的实时或准实时化提供了一种可行的方案。
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Potato is the fourth most important crop in China, and nearly 70% of its production area overlaps the contiguous, destitute regions, which made potato one of the promising crops for poverty alleviation considering its economic value, high yield, and adaptability. Therefore, transformation of advanced potato cultivation techniques in severe poverty regions is an efficient and robust strategy for precise poverty alleviation. Nevertheless, potato production in China is threatened by several critical issues, including low coverage of virus-free potato seed tubers, infestation by various pathogens, and frequent natural hazards. These obstacles mentioned above impeded the improvement of potato sector, ultimately jeopardizing the poverty reduction through potato cultivation in impoverished rural areas. With endeavors from other institutions, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IMCAS) put continuing efforts on optimization of virus-free seed potato production, enhancement of application technology of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, eco-friendly techniques for disease and pest management, and other related research fields in recent years, resulting in the emergence of a Green, High-efficient, Integrated Technique Cultivation (GHITC) system for potato growers and their poverty alleviation. Great achievements have been obtained by introduction of GHITC system to Guizhou, Ningxia, Inter-Mongolia and other potato-growing poverty regions. In this study, we comprehensively rule out the key issues in poverty alleviation through potato industry, systematically summarize advantages of potato GHITC system as well as its contributions to precise poverty alleviation, and speculate future investigations on standardized production, differentiated application, and systematized innovation.
Subjects: Biology >> Ecology submitted time 2018-05-10 Cooperative journals: 《生态学报》
Abstract：全球变暖引起陆地生态系统和整个生物圈一系列生态问题，未来全球平均气温的持续增加将使这些问题进一步加剧。目前增温、氮沉降和森林更新方式对中亚热带土壤氮磷等养分的影响已有部分研究，但增温对亚热带森林的氮磷耦合作用的影响仍然未知。以中亚热带杉木（Cunninghamia lanceolate）幼苗为研究对象，设置埋设电缆以加热土壤增温实验（增温幅度（5±0.5）℃），研究短期增温对土壤含水量、微生物生物量氮（MBN）、微生物生物量磷（MBP）、土壤氮磷养分，以及氮（N）、磷（P）耦合作用的影响。结果表明：短期增温对全氮、全磷无显著影响；增温第1年显著提高了有效氮、铵态氮（NH4+）和有效磷的含量，显著降低了MBN含量。增温第2年，土壤中有效磷、NH4+和MBP含量显著下降；短期增温虽然对土壤全N/P，有效N/P的影响不显著，但是增温使铵态氮/硝态亚硝态氮（NH4+/（NO3-+NO2-））显著降低；此外，增温显著降低了MBN/MBP，缓解了微生物对磷的限制。相关性分析表明，耦合作用不仅受N和P之间相互作用的影响，也受土壤温度、水分含量等其他因素的影响。研究表明，短期增温并未对中亚热带杉木人工幼林土壤氮磷耦合作用产生显著影响，但增温后降低了有效氮、有效磷的含量。因此，在未来全球变暖背景下，研究结果为中亚热带森林生态系统的的健康发展和科学管理提供重要的理论依据。
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