Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2022-12-03
Abstract：
Despite the unlimited capacity of sensory registration, visual system can still provide an efficient summary of a cluttered scene, representing the statistical properties of multiple objects rather than forming detailed representations of individual objects. There is growing interest in the behavioral study of statistical summary representations (SSRs), especially in the exploring of their automatic mechanism as well as the domain-general or domain specific ensemble mechanism. However, the neural underpinnings of SSRs have received far less attention. Future work on SSRs may use neuroimaging methods to investigate their neural substrates directly, which is also important for understanding neural computation.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2022-02-21
Abstract：可触摸的触觉二维图像是视觉障碍人群获取图像信息的重要方式。目前大多数触觉二维图像都是直接由视觉二维图像转化为的可触摸线条图。在视觉二维图像中，通常运用透视和视角等视觉原理将三维空间关系转换为二维平面关系。视觉系统经过长期大量知觉学习，习得了这种二维到三维的映射关系。但是触觉识别二维图像时，触觉系统如何建立二维平面与三维空间的映射，目前尚有待进一步的研究。影响触觉识别二维图像中二维-三维空间信息转换的视觉因素主要有透视、视角、遮挡、纹理梯度和镂空，直接将视觉二维图像转化为的触觉二维图像时，图像中包含的上述视觉因素通常会干扰触觉识别。结合已有研究，试图提出双表象加工模型来解释触摸二维图像时二维到三维空间信息转换的认知机制。该模型认为触觉识别二维图像依赖于两个表象系统的整合，即物体表象系统（涉及物体的大小、形状和纹理）与空间表象系统（涉及物体的空间关系、透视和视角）。两种表象系统的信息最终进行整合，在物体表象和空间表象成功匹配的基础上建立二维图像与三维空间之间的映射，通达长时记忆中的三维物体表征。双表象加工模型将有助于我们深入认识触知觉的认知机制，也将为触觉二维图像的设计提供理论依据。
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2020-11-30
Abstract： The sense of agency is the experience of controlling one's own motor acts and, through these acts, controlling the course of external events in the interaction with the environment. It can be extended to the actions of other agents and the outcomes caused by their actions in social interaction. A large number of studies in the context of social interaction have shown that the sense of agency is influenced by social interaction situations such as observation, competition, cooperation and hierarchical interaction. Relevant neural mechanism studies have demonstrated that the fronto-parietal network, including primary motor cortex, angular gyrus, insula, temporo-parietal junction, medial prefrontal cortex, and precuneus, plays an important role in the sense of agency in social interaction. Future researches need to further explore the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying the effects of social interaction situations on sense of agency, investigate the influences of multimodal stimuli on sense of agency in social interaction, and consider the modulation effects of sense of agency on cognitive processes and behavioral responses in social interaction. "
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2020-06-09
Abstract： Estimating the time-to-collision (TTC) of approaching objects is crucial for organism survival. Researchers have proposed the constructivist approaches, the ecological optics theory and the tau hypothesis to explain how humans estimate TTC and which factors may affect the estimation. Recently, a few studies examined how the emotional content of stimuli impacts TTC estimation, by comparing TTC judgements between threatening and nonthreatening stimuli. Their findings suggest that natural threatening stimuli (e.g., images of snakes) lead to underestimation of TTC compared to natural nonthreatening stimuli (e.g., images of rabbits). However, other findings suggest that TTC underestimation of social threatening stimuli (e.g. pictures of angry faces) is smaller or absent. Underestimated TTC of threatening stimuli may be due to 1) a specific response to threatening stimuli, 2) high emotional arousal of threatening stimuli, and 3) a perceptual bias causing threatening stimuli to appear closer and move faster than typical. We suggest that future studies should (1) further investigate the reasons why TTC underestimation of social threatening stimuli is smaller or absent, (2) explore the autonomic physiological response patterns and neural correlates of TTC estimation of threatening stimuli, (3) examine TTC estimation of threatening stimuli in virtual reality (VR) environments, and (4) experimentally test the effects of individual differences (e.g., gender and personality traits) on TTC estimation. "
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2019-06-14
Abstract： " Shame, as a typical moral emotion, has an influence on individual behavior that is both complex and controversial. Previous studies have found that shame produces both an unpleasant experience and a moral emotion that encourages individuals to produce positive behaviors. In recent years, Hooge’s research has proceeded from the perspective of motivation. He believes that, no matter how shame makes individuals perform, their motivation is to restore and protect the damaged self. Therefore, based on Hooge's theory, this research will examine this typical immoral behavior as an example to discuss the impact of shame upon it and its ways. In this study, students from a university were randomly selected as participants, and the number of each experiment’s participants was arranged according to the experimental requirements. Questionnaires and behavioral experiments were used throughout the experiment, and the experimental procedures were completed in accordance with the regulations of each experiment. The requirements for each experiment were different and the procedures for conducting the experiment were different. The statistical methods of the study were also based on the requirements of each experiment. Experiment 1 examines whether shame has an effect on deceptive behavior. Its results show that the number and tendency of deception in the shamed group were significantly lower than in the control group. To more fully explore the impact of shame on deceptive behavior in different contexts, Experiment 2 improved upon the deficiencies of Experiment 1 and divided shame situations into two types: moral anomie and lack of ability. It was found that the number of deceptions in the moral anomie shamed group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the number of deceptions in the lack of ability shamed group was significantly higher than that in the control group. To examine the specific methods and mechanisms of shame in affecting deception, we propose that shamed individuals increase their self–control resources and, thus, reduce the theory of fraud. Experiment 3a examined the impact of shame on self–control resources and found that the self–control resources of the shamed group were significantly higher than those of the control group. Experiment 3b explored the specific mechanisms of shame affecting deceptive behavior. It was found that self–control resources played a complete mediating role in the process of shame in affecting deception. In summary, these findings suggest that shame can deter deception under certain conditions. The condition is that shame is caused by moral disorder rather than lack of ability; the mechanism of shame in affecting behavior may be: Individuals who feel shame will restore and protect the damaged moral self by mobilizing more self–control resources to influence behavior. " " "
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