Subjects: Biology >> Ecology submitted time 2017-11-29 Cooperative journals: 《中国生态农业学报》
Abstract： Because of soil salinization, the economic benefit of agricultural land is low in coastal saline soil area. So, it is a very meaningful job to improve the agricultural productivity in coastal saline soil area. Oil sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) has long been considered as a oil economic crop with a considerable tolerance to saline-alkaline soils. Salinization abiotic stress is a main natural environmental factor that adversely affects oil sunflower production and quality in soil salination area. Cultivating salt-tolerant and superior quality oil sunflower variety is one of the primary missions of salinized oil sunflower breeding. In this paper, the 9 oil sunflower accessions were cultivated in anti rainshed saline alkali soil identification method in a controlled environment chamber. We can be obtained 6 g·kg-1 mixture salt soil by adjusting the 1 g·kg-1 topsoil and 10 g·kg-1 seashore saline soil. The 1 g·kg-1 topsoil was used as the control. The 6 g·kg-1 mixture salt soil was used as the treatment. Plant height, leaf area, biomass on oil sunflower seeding were measured after 20 days treatment, and emergence rate and emergence index were investigated after sowing every 3 days. The salt resistance of different oil sunflower accessions was evaluated by the fuzzy mathematics method of membership function. The 9 oil sunflower accessions were used in the preliminary analysis of salt-tolerant characteristics. The results showed that the 5 indexes of the 9 oil sunflower decreased under the 6 g·kg-1 mixture salt soil. But rate of change were the most significant difference at seedling stage. The degrees of salt-tolerance of 9 oil sunflower accessions were different. The 9 oil sunflower accessions were sorted based on clustering analysis. Oil sunflower accessions of no.1 and no.8 were strongly tolerant to salt stress. Oil sunflower accession of no.3 was the most sensitive to salt stress. Furthermore, the growth period, plant height, diameter of flower dish, oil content and other 10 major agronomic traits were measured under salination soil condition. Different oil sunflower accessions was evaluated by correlation analysis, principal component analysis and clustering analysis. The result of the study provided the needed reference information on salt tolerant germplasm resources of oil sunflower in coastal saline soil area and genetic breeding. Correlation analysis showed that one trait was correlated or extremely correlated with at least two traits each other, but the correlation coefficient was low. Growth period was extremely negative correlated with production factor, and the result indicated that the longer suffering in severe saline environment, the worse increasing oil sunflower yield. According to the obtained agronomic traits from field experiments, 9 oil sunflower varieties could be classified into 3 clusters on the basis of mature period, yield and quality. ClusterⅠwas mainly high oil content, middle yield and later maturing variety. Cluster Ⅱwas mainly early maturing, middle yield and low oil content variety. Cluster Ⅲ was mainly high yield, middle yield and middle oil content variety. The principal component analysis results showed that the three eigenvalues of cumulative variance proportion is 69%. We calculated the comprehensive score for the evaluated the 9 oil sunflower accessions with weighted sum method. Oil sunflower accession of no.8 was tops the list. Combining with the results of identification of salt tolerance at seedling stage, comprehensive analysis suggested that oil sunflower accessions of no.1 and no.8 could be used as the excellent germplasm for salt tolerance breeding of oil sunflower in coastal saline soil area.
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