Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-03-27 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
LI Ming
LIU Qin
WANG Yukuan1 CUI Peng
GAO Xing
DI Baofeng
LIU Jinfeng
QI Shengwen
CHEN Rong
TAN Chunping
XU Mengzhen6 SUN Hao
ZHANG Jianqiang
CHEN Jiangang
ZOU Qiang
Abstract： China is a mountainous country, with hills, mountains, and plateaus cover about two-thirds of its total land area. The vast area, huge population, rich natural resources, and great potential of development in mountain areas make them the most important “rear garden” supporting the sustainable development of the whole country. Nevertheless, China’s mountain areas are also prone to various kinds of natural disasters, and thus formed a scenario of high overlap between the high-risk zone of natural disasters and the lagging zone of social and economic development. And such scenario has caused significant waste of various related inputs, and becoming a key obstacle to the goal of modernization for mountain areas in sync with other regions by 2035. Based on a systematic analysis of main challenges faced by disaster risk reduction and green development in mountain areas, the study innovates the “Disaster –Environment–Human” green synergy theory based on the human and environment harmonization theory. After that, a novel synergy mode of disaster risk reduction and green development is proposed, and its synergy mechanisms, main synergy paths, and various synergy technologies are analyzed. The synergy theory and mode were applied in a demonstration zone named Reshui River basin located in Xide County, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, the first demonstration zone of the synergy mode of disaster risk reduction and green development in China. Finally, the feasibility and the specific paths of promoting the synergism mode are analyzed in mountain areas nationwide. This study can not only guide the consolidation of poverty alleviation achievements, promote the practice of rural revitalization strategy, but also help to improve the capability of comprehensive governance and promote the modernization progress in mountain areas of China.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Tibetan Plateau, known as the “Asian Water Tower”, has complex natural environment, significant climate differences, diverse landforms, developed glaciers, and strong crustal uplift and river undercut. It is highly prone to natural hazards, such as debris flow, flash flood, and glacial lakes outburst, which often happen suddenly, widely, causing serious damages and often with chained effects. They are mainly distributed along the fault zones and deep-incised valleys, and controlled by climatic and local hydrothermal conditions of horizontal and vertical zonality. Besides, the types of hazards, predisposing factors, and responses to climate change at different altitudes are different. Temperature and precipitation rising induced by global warming have influence on water source, materials, energy, and conditions combination, leading to more vulnerable hazard inducing environment. Global warming is inevitably leading to increased disaster risk, which will increase as population and economic volume goes up. At present, major problems in disaster risk reduction research and practices in the Tibet Plateau are lack of systematic basic data and insufficient understanding of formation mechanism. Therefore, it cannot precisely predict disaster risk under climate change or propose appropriate risk control strategies. In order to effectively deal with the increased disaster risks induced by climate change, it is of necessity to conduct comprehensive disaster investigations, utilize cutting-edge technologies to acquire first-hand disaster data, establish disaster database, improve understanding of hazard-inducing environment, formation, and evolution mechanism, understand response rules of disasters towards climate change, predict disaster development trend under climate change, develop monitoring and prevention technologies for catastrophic disasters, establish multi-national disaster risk reduction cooperation mechanisms, and improve abilities to cope with disaster risk.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Landslides and debris flows caused significant threat to the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. This study introduced the spatial pattern of the relevant mountainous hazards and assessed the hazards risks, predicted the development trends, and proposed the relevant countermeasures as well. 584 landslides, 116 collapses, and 1669 mudslides in total were identified, which mainly distributed in the mountainous areas in the northern part of the corridor. The hazards were divided into five grades: extremely high, high, medium, low, and extremely low and the northern area is highly dangerous. The vulnerability assessment was carried out with traffic, economy, and population as indicators, and then the risk assessment results were comprehensively obtained. In general, the risk is higher in the northern part and lower in the southeast. In the future, as the intensity of earthquakes increases, the area of high-susceptibility landslides will gradually increase from 0.01% to 1.4% of the studied area, and these hazards are mainly distributed between the northern segment of Aikenert fault and Kazitaert fault, the northern segment of Miya fault and the central region of Bulunkou fault. According to the trend that rainfall and temperature increase, the susceptibility of debris flows in most river basins has increased. It is recommended to strengthen basic data collection and detailed investigation of key disaster points, and carry out early risk assessment and monitoring and early warning, while formulating emergency plans, which serves the safe construction of major projects along the Belt and Road.
Subjects: Management Science >> Science ology and Management submitted time 2018-01-11 Cooperative journals: 《智库理论与实践》
Abstract：[目的/意义]“一带一路”倡议旨在为全球经济打通“任督二脉”，促进全球经济共同、包容、强劲、可持续发展。中国提出的这一宏大国际合作计划所面临的风险和挑战是空前的。除了要防范沿线各国的政治和社会风险之外，还必须有效应对气候变化、自然灾害、传染病、环境污染、生态退化、水与能源资源短缺等各种挑战。如何有效应对这些挑战，对于“一带一路”建设的成败至关重要。[方法/过程]本文分析了“中巴经济走廊”建设所面临的挑战及科技创新在其中所起的作用。 [结果/结论]科技创新在“一带一路”建设中扮演十分关键的角色，发挥不可或缺的引领、支撑和保障作用。
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Resource Sciences >> Environmentology submitted time 2017-09-20 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract：青藏高原构造隆升强烈、地形地貌复杂、气候敏感多变，是地震、泥石流、崩塌、滑坡、冰湖溃决、山洪、雪灾、干旱和冻胀融沉等灾害的多发区。受区域地质构造、地形条件、水文气象和人类活动影响，青藏高原自然灾害的分布呈现为沿断裂构造带密集分布、沿深切的高山峡谷区成带状分布、地带性分布、在高强度人类活动区集中分布的特征。灾害活动呈现高强度与高频率、突发性、季节性、准周期性、群发性和链生性的特点。在气候变暖与地壳运动活跃的环境背景下，青藏高原自然灾害的危险性逐渐加剧，灾害风险也会随着人口数量和社会经济水平提升不断增加。进而分析了当前青藏高原自然灾害成灾机理、灾害防治以及风险管理等方面所面临的问题，并在此基础上提出成灾因素变化与灾害发育的区域规律、自然灾害动力学过程与灾变机理、气候变化与地震耦合作用下的巨灾演化规律、青藏高原自然灾害风险评估与风险管理、适宜高寒区特点的监测预警和防治关键技术等未来应该关注的科学技术问题以及需要开展的相应工作。
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Resource Sciences >> Environmentology submitted time 2017-09-20 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract：青藏高原对我国、亚洲甚至北半球的人类生存环境和可持续发展起着重要的环境和生态屏障作用。以青藏高原为核心的第三极以及受其影响的东亚、南亚、中亚、西亚、中东欧等泛第三极地区，面积约2 000多万平方公里，涵盖20多个国家的30多亿人口，是“一带一路”的核心地带和全球人口分布最密集区。随着“一带一路”重大倡议的推进，泛第三极环境变化的重要性受到全球关注。泛第三极地区已经出现重大资源环境问题，如何保护这一地区资源环境的可持续性是“一带一路”建设实施面临的重大挑战。实施“泛第三极环境变化与绿色丝绸之路建设”专项，将从区域甚至全球尺度深入研究这一地区的资源环境科学问题，前瞻、科学地提出区域可持续发展协同应对战略，为“守护好世界上最后一方净土”和“一带一路”建设服务。
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