Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2024-05-09
Abstract： This paper presented three experiments investigating how individuals from Eastern cultural perceive their true selves through either intuitive or deliberate choices. Experiment 1 replicated the study conducted by Maglio and Reich (2019), employing a product selection task and utilizing instructions to initiate the decision-making process. Experiments 2 and 3 expanded the findings to tasks including partner selection and travel destination choice, manipulating the decision-making process through time pressure. The results contradicted established Western findings, suggesting that individuals from Eastern cultural believe that choices made through deliberation more accurately reflect their true selves, with choice confidence serving a mediating role. These findings shed light on the cultural variances in understanding the true self through intuition or deliberation.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： People sometimes behave unethically, which may threaten their self-concept of being moral. To cope with the threat to the moral self, people would forget these past unethical actions or related information more easily. Recent research employing autobiographical memory paradigm, game paradigm, take-in paradigm, and self-reference memory paradigm provides evidence for this moral memory bias. Moreover, research further suggests that moral memory bias results from people’s need to cope with the threat to their moral self. That is, people forget their unethical behaviors to maintain a positive moral self. Notably, the findings on the phenomenon of moral memory bias show some inconsistency. Future research should seek possible moderators to integrate these inconsistent findings, revealing the contextual factors at play or individual differences in people's propensity of moral memory bias. In addition, according to the interpretation of moral self-threat, the moral memory biases only occur under certain conditions. That is, when people commit intentional unethical behavior, they should be able to realize that their behavior violates moral standards, experience moral self-threat, and then exhibit a moral memory bias. However, when the unethical behavior was committed unintentionally, people may not experience moral self-threat, therefore, exhibit no moral memory bias. The severity of the moral transgression may also influence the moral memory bias. Moral memory bias can help people cope well with moral self-threat when they engage in less serious unethical behavior but not serious moral violations, in which case, the moral memory bias may not be sufficient to deal with moral self-threat, and may cease to exist. There may be a link between moral memory bias and other strategies for coping with moral self-threat. One possibility is that moral memory biases and other strategies are complementary and work together. It is also possible that other strategies are the upstream mechanisms and pave the way for the emergence of moral memory biases. After having committed unethical behaviors, people may lower their moral standards by means of moral disengagement and self-serving justifications, and change their evaluation of the event, which makes it easier to obscure unethical behaviors and show moral memory bias. In addition to responding to moral self-threats, there are other possible motivational explanations for the moral memory bias. Moral memory bias may originate from people's impression management motivation. That is, people may exhibit moral memory bias in order to maintain their moral image in front of others. From a cognitive perspective, moral memory bias could arise from different stages of the memory process. For example, this phenomenon may occur in the encoding stage, that is, people may limit the encoding of unethical events rather than moral events; storage stage, that is, the memory traces may be affected by positive self-schemas, and details of unethical events are forgotten more easily; or the retrieval stage, that is, people may actively suppress the retrieval of unethical events. Future research should provide much more convergent evidence for the phenomenon, examine its underlying neural and cognitive mechanisms, and explore its relationship with other strategies that people use to cope with the threat to their moral self.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2022-01-14
Abstract：
People sometimes behave unethically, which may threaten their self-concept of being moral. To cope with the threat to the moral self, people would forget these past unethical actions or related information more easily. Recent research using autobiographical memory paradigm, game paradigm, take-in paradigm, and self-reference memory paradigm provides evidence for this memory bias. Moreover, research suggest that this memory bias results from people’s need to cope with the threat to their moral self. That is, people selectively forget their unethical behaviors to maintain a positive moral self. Notably, it is only under certain conditions that this memory bias occurs. Future research should provide much more convergent evidence for the phenomenon, examine its underlying neural and cognitive mechanisms, and explore its relationships with other strategies that people use to cope with the threat to their moral self.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology Subjects: Psychology >> Management Psychology submitted time 2019-04-15
Abstract： "
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