Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-08-17
Sun, Xiaomin
Yang, Shuting
Kong, Xiaoshan
Liu, Zhenzhen
Ma, Rongzi
Yuan, Yue
Zhang, Nan
Jiang, Xinying
Cao, Peiling
Bao, Ruiji
Lin, Yiqin
Li, Ning
Li, Zhihang
Abstract： Time poverty is a pervasive sensation of having insufficient time in daily life, which is detrimental to physical and mental health and well-being. At present, the conceptual framework of time poverty remains unclear, and its association with well-being is inconsistent and lacks causal evidence and a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms. This study aims to disambiguate the meaning of time poverty, create a multidimensional theoretical model, devise an assessment scale, and establish a national database of time poverty in China. Drawing from scarcity theory, we examine the impact of time poverty on individual and interpersonal well-being and the possible mediating role of over-productivity orientation. Lastly, we investigate the impact of time poverty on family well-being and its underlying mechanisms based on the spillover-crossover model.
Subjects: Psychology >> Other Disciplines of Psychology submitted time 2018-09-13 Cooperative journals: 《心理学报》
Abstract：情绪记忆增强效应在负性情绪记忆研究中被反复证实。尽管厌恶和恐惧同属负性情绪, 提示威胁的存在, 但由于它们的进化意义和生理功能不同, 可能导致它们对记忆的编码、保持、提取三个阶段不同的调节方向或调节强度。本文采用延迟再认任务, 采用事件相关电位考察健康成年被试对唤醒度和效价相当的恐惧和厌恶面孔的记忆编码、保持和提取。结果显示, 1)在记忆编码的早期, 被试主要加强了对恐惧面孔的注意(P1)和结构编码(N170), 而厌恶信息的加工受到了抑制; 2)从记忆编码晚期到记忆保持的整个阶段, 被试对厌恶信息的精细评估(编码阶段P3)和复述保持(保持阶段的负走向慢波)均强于恐惧信息; 3)相比于恐惧面孔, 厌恶面孔可能在工作记忆系统形成了更强的表征, 从而使被试在记忆提取时可回忆起更多的细节, 对记忆提取的信心更足(提取阶段P3)。这后两条发现是导致行为层面上厌恶情绪记忆优于恐惧情绪记忆的原因。本研究为“厌恶比恐惧具有更强的记忆增强效应”提供了高时间分辨率的脑活动层面的证据, 从而进一步揭示了负性情绪增强记忆的认知机制。
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