Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-27 Cooperative journals: 《心理学报》
Abstract： Nowadays, emergent online events have occurred frequently, because of the social transition and the development of social media. In the past, most of the research on emergent online events were theoretical analysis, and less attention was paid to the psychological mechanisms. The current research proposes that negativity bias, a common psychological phenomenon in human decision-making, is an important mechanism behind the network emergency and its propagation. In order to explore the occurrence and performance of negativity bias in emergent online events, three theoretical hypotheses were tested by three studies under the guidance of a theoretical model. Study 1 aimed to explore the information content bias in the source texts of emergent online events. 40 source texts of emergent online events in the period from 2016 to 2019 were collected through Baidu, Sina, Tencent and other major media platforms. The Chinese psychoanalysis System TextMind 3.0 was used to analyze the texts. In Study 2, a recognition memory experiment was conducted to explore the information processing bias of the source texts of emergent online events. 48 participants completed the single-factor (word nature: positive, neutral and negative) within-subjects experiment. The reading materials used in the experiment are from the corpus set up in Study 1. Positive, neutral and negative words were selected from the text by online word segmentation tool in advance, and the subjects were asked to recall whether the words appeared in the article in the subsequent memory experiment. Study 3 aimed to explore the transmission bias in the dynamic propagation of emergent online events. One hundred and twenty participants (Thirty transmission chains) took part in the transmission experiment. Word nature was a within-subjects variable, which can be divided into three levels: positive, neutral and negative. Intergenerational transmission was a between-subjects variable including four generations. Study 1 indicated that although all negative words did not dominate in the source texts of emergent online events, there are more negative words in the source texts of emergent online events than that of hot network events. Study 2 showed that the recognition accuracy of negative words was higher than that of positive words and neutral words. The analysis based on signal detection theory showed that the participants had higher discrimination and stricter decision-making criteria for negative words than positive and neutral words. Therefore, the negativity bias of the participants was mainly reflected in the fact that they were more likely to recognize negative words that are not in the text. Study 3 indicated that the survival rate of negative events was higher than that of positive events and neutral events, and that of positive events was higher than that of neutral events. The probability of negative interpretation of neutral events was higher than that of positive interpretation. These results supported the negative advantages in the process of emergency transmission. The current study investigated the occurrence and manifestation of negativity bias, an important psychological function formed in the process of human evolution, during the brewing, breaking out, and spreading process of network emergency. That is, the negativity bias did not only originate from the source texts of emergent online events but also from the process of individual information processing and interpersonal information transmission. This is manifested in the higher recognition accuracy, higher discrimination, sightly tight decision-making criteria for negative words, the higher survival rate of negative events, as well as negative resolution of ambiguous events. This research is conducive to understanding the law of information dissemination of emergent online events, scientific response to the crisis of public opinion, and innovative network governance.
Subjects: Psychology >> History of Psychology Subjects: Psychology >> Clinical and Counseling Psychology submitted time 2021-10-07
Abstract： Intersubjective theory is one of the most important approaches in the field of contemporary psychoanalysis. Compared with the more traditional psychoanalysis, its theoretical characteristics can be concluded as follows: from a distinction of inside/outside space to an emphasis on in between space, from a subject-object relationship to a subject-subject relationship, from insight to action, from foundationalism and positivism to hermeneutics and constructivism. Despite the confusion of terminology and divergence of viewpoints, the intersubjective turn has spread to almost every psychoanalytic schools and widely influenced many analysts in North America, Europe and Latin America. Future intersubjective theory needs to keep open and make a constant dialogue with previous theories, clinical materials, and other disciplinary areas." "
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