Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Other Disciplines of Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science submitted time 2023-02-17 Cooperative journals: 《智慧农业（中英文）》
Abstract： Phytophthora strawberries, as a kind of plant pathogenic fungi, can cause strawberry skin and crown rot without safe and effective treatment, which affect the economic benefits of planting strawberries. Therefore, it is urgent to use low-cost diagnostic methods to achieve early prevention. Strawberry plants infected with Phytophthora cactorum would release a unique organic volatile gas, 4-ethylphenol, with a concentration ranging from 1.12 to 22.56 mg/kg, which could be used as a marker gas for rapid diagnosis of the disease. In this study, semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) and field effect sensors (FET) were used to prepare semiconductor field effect gas sensors (SWNT/FET) without selectivity. And then the metal porphyrin MnOEP with high sensitivity and selectivity to 4-ethylphenol was immoblized on the SWNT's surface to obtain MnOEP-SWNT/FET. MnOEP-SWNT/FET has the advantages of low cost, low power consumption, small size, high sensitivity and easy integration, which can effectively overcome the shortcomings of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, high-performance liquid chromatography and other analytical methods. By comparing the sensitivity and selectivity of different sensors, MnOEP-SWNT/FET is very suitable for real-time monitoring of 4-ethylphenol. The key reasons for the high sensitivity and selectivity are: MnOEP is a macromolecular heterocyclic compound formed by four pyrrole rings connected together by methylene and manganese ion(Mn), each pyrrole ring consists of four carbons and one nitrogen, and all nitrogen atoms inside the ring form a central cavity; the coordination metal ions of MnOEP are in an unsaturated state, gas molecules can interact with the central metal ions through van der Waals force and hydrogen bond at the axial position of MnOEP to change their own optical or electrical properties. MnOEP-SWNT/FET was studied by Raman spectrum, UV spectrum and voltammetry. The physical and chemical properties were analyzed and the detection conditions were optimized to improve the gas sensitivity of MnOEPSWNT/ FET to 4-ethylphenol. Under the optimal detection conditions, MnOEP-SWNT/FET has a good linear relationship with 0.25% ~100% saturated vapor of 4-ethylphenol (20 ℃) and the detection limit is 0.15% saturated vapor of 4-ethylphenol. The relative standard error of different concentrations was less than 10%. By measuring the actual samples, it has high detection accuracy for strawberry plants infected with Phytophthora, but it still exists false positive for healthy strawberry.
submitted time 2023-02-17 Cooperative journals: 《智慧农业（中英文）》
Abstract： The shortage of feed grain is continually worsening in China, which leads to the transformation of feed grain security into national food security. Therefore, comprehensively integrating the basic data resources of feed nutrition and improving the nutritional value of all available feed resources will be one of the key technical strategies to ensure national food security in China. In this study, based on the description specification and attribute data standard of 16 categories of Chinese feed raw materials, more than 500,000 pieces of data on the types, spatial distribution, chemical composition and nutritional value characteristics of existing feed resources, which were accumulated through previous projects from the sixth Five-Year Plan to the thirteenth Five-Year Plan period, were digitally collected, recorded, categorized and comprehensively analyzed. By using MySQL relational database technology and PHP program, a new generation of feed nutrition big data online platform (http://www.chinafeeddata. org.cn/) was developed and web data sharing service was provided as well. First of all, the online platform provided visual analysis of all warehousing data, which could realize the visual comparison of a single or multiple feed nutrients in various graphic forms such as scatter diagram, histogram, curve line and column chart. By using two-dimensional code technology, all feed nutrition attribute data and feed entity sample traceability data could be shared and downloaded remotely in real-time on mobile phones. Secondly, the online platform also incorporated various regression models for prediction of feed effective nutrient values using readily available feed chemical composition in the datasets, providing dynamic analysis for feed raw material nutrient variation. Finally, based on Geographic Information System technology, the online platform integrated the data of feed chemical composition and major mineral element concentrations with their geographical location information, which was able to provide the distribution query and comparative analysis of the geographic information map of the feed raw material nutrition data at both provincial and national level. Meanwhile, the online platform can also provide a download service of the various datasets, which brought convenience to the comprehensive application of existing feed nutrition data. This research also showed that expanding feed resource data and providing prediction and analysis models of feed effective nutrients could maximize the utilization of the existing feed nutrition data. After embedding online calculation modules of various feed formulation software, this platform would be able to provide a one-stop service and optimize the utilization of the feed nutrition data.
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Other Disciplines of Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science submitted time 2023-02-17 Cooperative journals: 《智慧农业（中英文）》
Abstract： The production mode of livestock breeding has changed from extensive to intensive, and the production level is improved. However, low labor productivity and labor shortage have seriously restricted the rapid development of China's livestock breeding industry. As a new intelligent agricultural machinery equipment, agricultural robot integrates advanced technologies, such as intelligent monitoring, automatic control, image recognition technology, environmental modeling algorithm, sensors, flexible execution, etc. Using modern information and artificial intelligence technology, developing livestock feeding and pushing robots, realizing digital and intelligent livestock breeding, improving livestock breeding productivity are the main ways to solve the above contradiction. In order to deeply analyze the research status of robot technology in livestock breeding, products and literature were collected worldwide. This paper mainly introduced the research progress of livestock feeding robot from three aspects: Rail feeding robot, self-propelled feeding robot and pushing robot, and analyzed the technical characteristics and practical application of feeding robot.The rail feeding robot runs automatically along the fixed track, identifies the target animal, positions itself, and accurately completes feed delivery through preset programs to achieve accurate feeding of livestock. The self-propelled feeding robot can walk freely in the farm and has automatic navigation and positioning functions. The system takes single chip microcomputer as the control core and realizes automatic walking by sensor and communication module. Compared with the rail feeding robot, the feeding process is more flexible, convenient and technical, which is more conducive to the promotion and application of livestock farms. The pushing robot will automatically push the feed to the feeding area, promote the increase of feed intake of livestock, and effectively reduce the labor demand of the farm. By comparing the feeding robots of developed countries and China from two aspects of technology and application, it is found that China has achieved some innovation in technology, while developted countries do better in product application. The development of livestock robot was prospected. In terms of strategic planning, it is necessary to keep up with the international situation and the trend of technological development, and formulate the agricultural robot development strategic planning in line with China's national conditions. In terms of the development of core technologies, more attention should be paid to the integration of information perception, intelligent sensors and deep learning algorithms to realize human-computer interaction. In terms of future development trends, it is urgent to strengthen innovation, improve the friendliness and intelligence of the robot, and improve the learning ability of the robot. To sum up, intelligent livestock feeding and pushing machine operation has become a cutting-edge technology in the field of intelligent agriculture, which will surely lead to a new round of agricultural production technology reform, promote the transformation and upgrading of China's livestock industry. .
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-25 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：外泌体是指不同类型细胞分泌的由磷脂双分子层膜包裹蛋白质、脂质和核酸形成的囊泡结构，能够在细胞间转运蛋白质、脂质和核酸，是介导细胞间通讯的有力载体。外泌体天然存在于各种体液中，如血液、尿液、唾液、脑脊液和乳汁，为其广泛调控机体生理病理过程提供了基础。目前，外泌体在人类恶性肿瘤、自身免疫疾病等方面的研究已非常广泛，但其对动物生理病理调控方面的研究报道较少。近期研究表明，外泌体大量存在于各种哺乳动物的乳中，通过其内含miRNAs为幼畜提供免疫保护。因此，本文综述了外泌体的生成和来源、生物学功能及分离鉴定的方法，以期为其在畜牧学方面的研究提供参考依据。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-25 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：壳聚糖是几丁质的脱乙酰化形式，是一种可从甲壳纲、昆虫和真菌中获得的生物聚合物，具有良好的物理化学特性以及众多的生物活性，并显示出对不同真菌、革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌的抗菌活性。壳聚糖与微生物表面阴离子之间的静电相互作用是决定壳聚糖抗真菌和细菌微生物活性的重要因素，但是受微生物类型、壳聚糖的分子量和脱乙酰度等影响。根据抗真菌和细菌的特性，将壳聚糖通过饲料添加剂或凝胶注射等方式用于动物生产，在提高动物生产性能和免疫性能以及在疾病治疗等方面都有很大应用潜力。本文主要综述了壳聚糖最新的抗微生物活性作用机制和影响因素，为壳聚糖在动物生产上的应用提供理论基础。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-25 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本研究旨在探究不同分子质量及不同浓度的壳聚糖对奶牛体外瘤胃发酵参数及甲烷排放的影响。试验选用3头体况相近、健康状况良好、装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦奶牛作为试验动物，用于瘤胃液的采集。试验选择分子质量分别为1 000、3 000和50 000 u的壳聚糖，每种分子质量的壳聚糖再分别以底物0.4%、0.8%及1.6%的浓度添加到底物中，共设9个试验组，另外设1组对照组（不添加壳聚糖），每组4个重复，共重复3个批次。体外发酵24 h后，测定产气量、甲烷产量及瘤胃发酵参数。结果表明：与对照组相比，添加壳聚糖可以使瘤胃发酵液氨态氮浓度显著降低（P<0.05），丙酸浓度显著升高（P<0.05），乙酸/丙酸显著降低(P<0.05)，促进瘤胃发酵模式的改变。浓度为1.6%、分子质量为50 000 u和浓度为0.8%、分子质量为50 000 u的壳聚糖在不影响干物质消化率的基础上使发酵液甲烷产量有降低趋势（P<0.10）。综上，在体外条件下，添加壳聚糖可以有效调节瘤胃微生物发酵状态，综合考虑，浓度为1.6%、分子质量为50 000 u的壳聚糖最为适宜。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-25 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：氨基酸转运载体既有转运活性，又可作为感受器发挥胞外氨基酸感知功能。细胞膜上的氨基酸转运载体，尤其是转运大中性氨基酸包括亮氨酸的转运载体，能够通过胞内营养信号通路，包括调控细胞生长的哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合物1（mTORC1）通路以及被氨基酸饥饿所激活的一般性调控阻遏蛋白激酶（GCN）通路，调控细胞代谢。鉴于氨基酸转运载体的研究对动物营养学的重要性，本文对氨基酸转运载体的分类、氨基酸转运载体介导的氨基酸感知功能及氨基酸转运载体的组织特异性进行综述，以期更好的协助相关研究的发展。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-25 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：围产期奶牛由于能量需求增加但干物质采食量减少会导致代谢和生理的改变，从而引发能量负平衡、氧化应激和炎症反应。氧化应激是机体炎症和免疫抑制的重要原因，可能会增加一系列围产期疾病的发病率。因此，加强围产期奶牛健康管理，对保证奶牛健康和发挥奶牛泌乳性能十分必要。以往研究显示，金银花提取物作为一种天然植物提取物，兼有药用和营养双重功效，且具有多种生理生化活性，如抗炎、抗氧化等。然而，目前金银花提取物在围产期奶牛上的应用还未见报道。因此，本文从围产期奶牛的氧化应激、炎症反应、免疫抑制以及金银花提取物在这些生理方面的作用进行了综述，以期为进一步探究金银花提取物在围产期奶牛的作用提供参考。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-25 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：围产期奶牛由于能量需求增加但干物质采食量减少会导致代谢和生理的改变，从而引发能量负平衡、氧化应激和炎症反应。氧化应激是机体炎症和免疫抑制的重要原因，可能会增加一系列围产期疾病的发病率。因此，加强围产期奶牛健康管理，对保证奶牛健康和发挥奶牛泌乳性能十分必要。以往研究显示，金银花提取物作为一种天然植物提取物，兼有药用和营养双重功效，且具有多种生理生化活性，如抗炎、抗氧化等。然而，目前金银花提取物在围产期奶牛上的应用还未见报道。因此，本文从围产期奶牛的氧化应激、炎症反应、免疫抑制以及金银花提取物在这些生理方面的作用进行了综述，以期为进一步探究金银花提取物在围产期奶牛的作用提供参考。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：植物提取物是以植物为原料，用化学或者物理的方法，定向获取和浓集植物中的一种或多种有效成分，而不改变其有效成分结构形成的产品。近年来，植物提取物作为一种天然饲料添加剂得到了广泛的关注。植物提取物在反刍动物营养的研究与生产中应用也很广泛。本文结合国内外研究进展，主要从植物提取物对反刍动物的免疫反应、氧化应激以及胰岛素调节3个方面进行了综述。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：壳聚糖是甲壳素脱乙酰基得到一种天然活性产物，具有黏膜黏附力及带有正电荷等特性，可有效促进肠道吸收营养物质和乳腺上皮细胞的增殖和分化，进而对肠道和乳腺组织起到保护作用。饲粮中添加壳聚糖能改变奶牛瘤胃发酵模式和菌群结构，使瘤胃的甲烷产量下降，并可提高奶牛的生产性能和免疫功能。此外，壳聚糖还具有无耐药性、安全、无残留等优点，不仅对奶牛乳房炎的主要致病菌的生长有抑制作用，还可有效地提高乳房炎奶牛的抗氧化能力和促进炎症康复，使其在奶牛生产实践中具有广阔的应用前景。本文主要从壳聚糖在奶牛体内的生物学功能及在生产中的应用研究进展进行综述，对壳聚糖在奶牛生产实践中进一步的应用提供理论支持
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：植物提取物不但具有调控反刍动物瘤胃发酵模式、提高氮存留率、减少甲烷排放等功能，而且因其低毒副作用及其所具有的天然性、营养性和生物活性等特性，已成为抗生素的理想替代品之一。本文综述了植物提取物对反刍动物瘤胃发酵调控作用及其机制的最新研究进展，以期对今后该领域的研究及产品研发提供参考依据。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在通过研究不同牛奶体细胞数（SCC）下牛奶体细胞分型特点，进而评估奶牛泌乳性能。选择102头荷斯坦奶牛进行牛奶样品采集，检测SCC、产奶量和乳成分。根据SCC检测结果将这102份牛奶样品分为3组，低SCC组（SCC400 000个/mL）。通过流式细胞仪对牛奶样品中的体细胞进行分选，检测淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞和多形核嗜中性白细胞（PMN）的比例。采用标准平板计菌法对菌落总数进行计数，并通过细菌学检查对牛奶样品中的细菌进行分类鉴定。结果表明：1）在SCC200 000个/mL时，PMN比例与SCC成正相关；淋巴细胞比例与SCC呈负相关；巨噬细胞比例与SCC无明显相关性。2）鉴别出的主要病原体有金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CNS）、无乳链球菌等；次要病原体有绿脓杆菌、芽孢杆菌、乳酸乳球菌等。主要病原体组的牛奶样品中PMN比例（48.93％）极显著高于无病原体组（17.23％）（P40 000个/mL）牛奶样品中观察到酪蛋白与和乳糖含量显著降低（P<0.05），高SCC牛奶样品中观察到乳蛋白含量显著降低（P<0.05）。由此可见，体细胞分型可用于对奶牛乳腺健康状况做出更详细分析，特别是在低SCC的牛奶中更早地识别炎症起始发生。乳腺早期炎症反应的发生明显低于目前公认的健康乳腺牛奶SCC阈值（<100 000个/mL），并且CNS可能是诱发早期乳腺炎症的潜在病原体。细菌培养阴性样品中，炎症导致高SCC牛奶中酪蛋白/乳蛋白和乳糖含量的显著降低
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在通过研究不同牛奶体细胞数（SCC）下牛奶体细胞分型特点，进而评估奶牛泌乳性能。选择102头荷斯坦奶牛进行牛奶样品采集，检测SCC、产奶量和乳成分。根据SCC检测结果将这102份牛奶样品分为3组，低SCC组（SCC400 000个/mL）。通过流式细胞仪对牛奶样品中的体细胞进行分选，检测淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞和多形核嗜中性白细胞（PMN）的比例。采用标准平板计菌法对菌落总数进行计数，并通过细菌学检查对牛奶样品中的细菌进行分类鉴定。结果表明：1）在SCC200 000个/mL时，PMN比例与SCC成正相关；淋巴细胞比例与SCC呈负相关；巨噬细胞比例与SCC无明显相关性。2）鉴别出的主要病原体有金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CNS）、无乳链球菌等；次要病原体有绿脓杆菌、芽孢杆菌、乳酸乳球菌等。主要病原体组的牛奶样品中PMN比例（48.93％）极显著高于无病原体组（17.23％）（P40 000个/mL）牛奶样品中观察到酪蛋白与和乳糖含量显著降低（P<0.05），高SCC牛奶样品中观察到乳蛋白含量显著降低（P<0.05）。由此可见，体细胞分型可用于对奶牛乳腺健康状况做出更详细分析，特别是在低SCC的牛奶中更早地识别炎症起始发生。乳腺早期炎症反应的发生明显低于目前公认的健康乳腺牛奶SCC阈值（<100 000个/mL），并且CNS可能是诱发早期乳腺炎症的潜在病原体。细菌培养阴性样品中，炎症导致高SCC牛奶中酪蛋白/乳蛋白和乳糖含量的显著降低
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-20 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：微生物非培养技术的重大进展以及生物信息学技术的发展，使得人类对牛奶微生物这一复杂的群落有了新的认识，即牛奶微生物群落具有丰富的多样性和多方面的生物学作用，并且可以直观反映奶牛机体的代谢水平并影响新生犊牛的营养代谢与健康。因此，本文总结了奶牛牛奶微生物群的最新研究成果，重点描述了牛奶微生物的内源性途径假说，讨论了其在奶牛乳腺健康与犊牛胃肠道发育中的重要作用，并概述了包含16S基因组学和宏基因组学等在牛奶微生物研究中的应用。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-20 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本研究旨在对北京市周边地区奶牛场的玉米青贮饲料中干物质（DM）和中性洗涤纤维（NDF）的瘤胃降解特性进行对比分析。以3头安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的健康荷斯坦奶牛为试验动物，通过尼龙袋法测定昌平区、延庆区和房山区3个区，每个区3个奶牛场的玉米青贮饲料中DM和NDF的72 h瘤胃降解率及瘤胃降解参数。结果显示：1）房山区奶牛场的玉米青贮饲料中DM含量平均值最高，但NDF和酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）含量的平均值最低，昌平区和延庆区的奶牛场DM含量平均值相近，延庆区奶牛场的ADF含量平均值最高，昌平区奶牛场的NDF含量平均值最高。2）昌平区2号奶牛场玉米青贮饲料的DM有效降解率最高，达到了38.47%；房山区3号奶牛场玉米青贮饲料的DM有效降解率最低，仅为28.91%；二者之间差异显著（P<0.05）。3）NDF的有效瘤胃降解率以延庆区1号奶牛场最高,达到了30.18%，而最低的房山区2号奶牛场只有19.63%，二者之间差异显著（P<0.05）。由此可见，北京市周边地区不同奶牛场的玉米青贮饲料在奶牛瘤胃中的降解特性差异较大，应根据奶牛不同生长发育及泌乳阶段的营养需要，结合实际营养成分，合理配比饲粮
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-20 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在通过体外培养法研究葡萄籽原花青素对奶牛瘤胃发酵参数及微生物区系的影响。试验分为6组，以500 g精粗比为40∶60的全混合日粮为发酵底物，各组分别添加0（对照）、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5 g/kg的葡萄籽原花青素。体外发酵24 h后，读取产气量及测定瘤胃发酵参数和微生物含量。结果表明，与对照组相比：1）添加0.4和0.5 g/kg的葡萄籽原花青素显著降低了发酵液丁酸和异戊酸的含量（P<0.05），而添加0.2 g/kg的葡萄籽原花青素显著提高了发酵液异丁酸的含量（P<0.05）；2）添加不同水平的葡萄籽原花青素均显著提高了发酵液pH（P<0.05）；3）添加不同水平的葡萄籽原花青素有减少体外发酵产气量的作用，其中0.3 g/kg组效果显著（P<0.05），而0.2 g/kg组显著降低了甲烷产量（P<0.05）；4）葡萄籽原花青素能显著降低了发酵液中的原虫（0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5 g/kg组）、甲烷菌（0.1、0.2、0.4、0.5 g/kg组）、溶纤维丁酸弧菌（0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5 g/kg组）和产琥珀酸丝状杆菌含量（0.1、0.3、0.4、0.5 g/kg组）（P<0.05）。由此可见，在奶牛瘤胃体外发酵液中添加葡萄籽原花青素改善了瘤胃发酵模式，显著影响了瘤胃微生物区系，显著降低了甲烷产量，0.2 g/kg的添加水平较为适宜。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-20 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在探究添加金银花提取物对瘤胃体外发酵参数及产气量的影响。试验选用4头健康、体况相近、安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦奶牛作为试验动物，用于瘤胃液的采集。试验分为5组，对照组发酵底物不添加金银花提取物，试验组在发酵底物中分别添加0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0 mg/g金银花提取物，每组6个重复，试验共重复3个批次。分别于发酵1.5、3.0、6.0、12.0、24.0 h记录产气量，体外发酵24.0 h后，测定瘤胃发酵参数。结果表明：1）添加1.0、2.0、4.0 mg/g金银花提取物可以使发酵液pH及氨态氮（NH3-N）浓度显著低于对照组（P0.05），仅发酵液MCP浓度和24.0 h产气量显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。结果显示，在体外条件下，添加金银花提取物可以有效调节瘤胃微生物发酵状态，综合经济效益考虑，添加1.0 mg/g金银花提取物最适宜。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-11-08 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在通过体外法研究脂多糖（LPS）对瘤胃发酵的影响。选取4头健康、体况相近、安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦奶牛用于瘤胃液的采集。试验分为对照组（不添加LPS）和试验组（添加LPS 100 000 EU/mL），分别在发酵2、4、8、12、24 h后取样，测定发酵液pH及挥发性脂肪酸、氨态氮、微生物蛋白浓度。结果表明：随着发酵时间的延长，对照组与试验组发酵液pH逐渐下降，发酵液总挥发性脂肪酸、氨态氮、微生物蛋白浓度及乙酸、丙酸、丁酸含量逐渐增加，对照组与试验组之间均无显著差异（P＞0.05），但在8、24 h试验组发酵液pH与对照组相比有降低的趋势（0.05≤P<0.10），4、8、24 h试验组NH3-N浓度与对照组相比有降低的趋势（0.05≤P<0.10）。结果显示，在体外发酵条件下，添加LPS具有降低发酵液pH以及NH3-N浓度的趋势，但这一影响并不显著。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-23 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究饲粮苏氨酸水平对北京雏鸭生长性能、胴体品质、免疫机能和血清激素的影响。选取320只1日龄健康的北京鸭公鸭，随机分为5组，每组8个重复，每个重复8只。各组饲粮中苏氨酸水平实测值分别为0.65%（对照）、0.69%、0.81%、0.88%和0.98%，试验期为21 d。结果表明：1）饲粮苏氨酸水平对雏鸭平均日增重和平均日采食量有极显著影响（P0.05）。饲粮苏氨酸水平对雏鸭法氏囊重和胸腺重有极显著影响（P<0.01），对照组雏鸭法氏囊重显著低于其他各组（P<0.05），对照组雏鸭胸腺重显著低于0.81%、0.88%水平组（P<0.05）。4）饲粮苏氨酸水平对雏鸭血清三碘甲腺原氨酸（T3）含量有显著影响（P<0.05），0.81%水平组的血清T3含量最高，显著高于对照组和0.98%水平组（P<0.05）。5）苏氨酸需要量分别与平均日采食量、平均日增重和胸肌率呈二次曲线关系，并当三者达到最高值时北京雏鸭的苏氨酸需要量分别为0.860%、0.852%和0.837%。由此可见，饲粮中添加适宜水平的苏氨酸可提高雏鸭生长性能、胴体品质和免疫机能。
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