Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-03-27 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Strengthening the collaborative innovation of various innovation actors is an effective way to implement the national strategy of achieving a high level of scientific and technological self-reliance. China needs to learn from the mature countries when in the important period of promoting and developing the collaborative innovation among actors. Based on reviewing the concepts and organizational modes of collaborative innovation in the literature, this work carries out a case study of Germany’s four major public research institutes and finds five collaborative innovation organizational modes: project-type, integrated-type, alliance-type, platformtype and network-type. Then, the study analyzes and summarizes the characteristics, the advantages, and the suitable application situation of the different modes from the perspectives of the innovation objectives, the collaborative actors, the organizational mechanisms, the investment way, the government’s role, the collaborative effectiveness, etc. Policy enlightenment is proposed in the conclusion.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Under the new situation, expanding and strengthening the crop seed industry and ensuring food security have been elevated to the national strategic importance. It urgently needs to improve the crop seed national innovation system and promote the deep integration of the innovation chain and industrial chain. The crop seed industry in developed countries such as the United States has formed a relatively mature industrial innovation system dominated by enterprises; however, China’s crop seed industry innovation system is large but weak, the seed industry innovation efficiency is low, and the innovation ecology of the innovation chain and the industrial chain integration is immature, which seriously restrict the high-quality development of China’s seed industry. Based on analyzing the development trend of the global crop seed industry and identifying the problems and obstacles restricting the integration of China’s seed industry innovation chain and industrial chain, it is suggested to fully consider the unique laws and needs of agricultural seed industry innovation, strengthen top-level design, optimize and integrate the national seed industry scientific and technological forces, and build a market-oriented, enterprise-centered, industry-university#2;research-government integration, and whole industry chain integration. The seed industry innovation system with Chinese characteristics fully utilizes the advantages of a unified large national market on the basis of fully considering regional differences, so as to promote the integration of the innovation chain and the industrial chain.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the science and technology (S&T) talent policies in China have been continuously optimized and developed Consequently, a multi-layered policy system with vertical and horizontal linkages has been formed. The education and training policies have been improved, the utilization and development policies of talents have been enhanced, and the evaluation and incentive policies have become more rational, which effectively guaranteed the high-quality development of China’s S&T talents. However, there are still several problems with the current S&T talent policy system, such as incomplete system, low precision, low integration of technological and educational policy, and insufficient incentives for young S&T talents and basic research talents (thereafter “young-basic talents”), which cannot meet the urgent need under the strategy of sci-tech self-reliance and self-improvement. Therefore, it is vital to consolidate the core position and leading role of the S&T talents development in the construction of the national innovation system under the new situation. Facing the sci-tech self reliance and self-improvement strategy, the future S&T talent policies need to strengthen self#2;cultivating, serve national strategy, and focus on industry needs to promote the deep integration of the education chain, talent chain, innovation chain, and industry chain and promote the implementation of policies for young S&T talents, basic research talents and strategic scientists, and outstanding engineers. It is also necessary to promote talent education, training and development policies to meet the needs of sci-tech development by deepening the integration of science and education and establishing a postgraduate education system that follows the laws of scientific research activities. Furthermore, it needs to systematically think about the policy system optimization for the S&T talents evaluation and incentives, to promote the effective implementation of the life security policy of S&T talents. In addition, efforts should be made to promote the establishment of a talent mechanism in line with international standards and to accelerate the construction of the world’s important talent centers and innovations highlands.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Science and technology (S&T) foresight is an important form of S&T development strategy study. Based on the needs of economic and social development and the law of S&T innovation and development, S&T foresight is a process of forming a consensus on the medium and long-term S&T development trends among experts in multiple disciplines and fields, so that to provide scientific basis and decision support for S&T planning and policy making. With the rapid development of technology over the world, carrying out S&T foresight is crucial for China to seize opportunities for technological innovation, seize the frontier and opportunities of technological revolution, realize self#2;reliance and self-improvement in S&T, and build into an S&T giant. However, as a large scale think tank research project, S&T foresight faces systemic challenges and collaborative challenges from the organization of a large number of multidisciplinary and multi-field research teams. Meanwhile, in the research process of S&T foresight, it faces interdisciplinary challenges, interrelated challenges, practical policy challenges, social influential challenges, innovative challenges, and uncertain challenges. There is an urgent need to form a comprehensive and systematic research ideas and methodology for S&T foresight of think tank. To this end, this study analyzes the thinking guidance, process guidance, and operation guidance of the think tank double helix methodology for the S&T foresight. The thinking guidance of the double helix methodology to the S&T foresight is mainly reflected in the design of the overall work plan. Under the guidance of the double helix methodology, S&T foresight needs to grasp the foresight goals of S&T development from the national strategic needs, and comb the internal mechanism of S&T foresight based on historical data and current situation analysis; under the mechanism-impact-policy-solution (MIPS) architecture, through parallel relationship decomposition, serial relationship decomposition, and matrix relationship decomposition and other decomposition methods, the S&T foresight project can be decomposed into a number of independent sub-problems with inherent logical connections; focusing on the sub-problem research needs, a research team consist of multi-field expert with vertical hierarchical and horizontal cross-cutting relationship is formed, and a progressing schedule should be reached to form time coordination and research collaboration under the guidance of data#2;information-intelligence solution (DIIS). The process guidance and operation guidance of the double helix methodology for S&T foresight are embodied in the four stages of DIIS. Firstly, in the data collection stage of S&T foresight, it is necessary to scan and review the progress of S&T foresight issues over the world as well as selection criteria, to form a multi-dimensional data database. Secondly, in the stage of information disclosure, it is necessary to form the judgement on the current state of S&T development, future development vision, and selection criteria. Thirdly, in the stage of intelligence analysis, the key directions of S&T foresight can be comprehensively shaped through repeated iterations of objective data analysis and expert judgments. Finally, research reports and policy recommendation reports are produced to provide policy#2;making support for the S&T development.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： In 2022, Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASISD), the National Science Library, CAS, and Clarivate Analytics released their joint report Research Fronts 2022. The report utilized the Essential Science Indicators (ESI) database to do co-citation analysis. The 2022 report started from 12 610 research fronts in ESI and identified a total of 165 research fronts, including hot and emerging specialties spanning 11 broad research areas in sciences and social sciences. With the 165 research fronts and the related core papers and citing papers as the basis for analysis, this study summarized 8 development trends in science and technology, and recent trends and key research questions in 11 broad research areas, aiming to provide reference for studying and forecasting the major development trends in science and technology, summarizing important research issues and then making systematic deployment.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2018-07-05 Cooperative journals: 《智库理论与实践》
Abstract：[目的/意义]智库作为独立运作且相对稳定的政策研究和咨询机构，为政府、企业及社会公众提供决策参考，对实现我国决策的科学化和民主化具有重要作用。然而，我国智库研究落后于国外智库研究近20年，且智库发展过程中也存在诸多问题亟待研究。因此，综述分析国内外相关智库研究，识别研究发展趋势和重要研究主题，为我国高端智库建设提供理论依据，具有重要意义。[方法/过程]本文基于文献计量分析和内容分析法对国内外智库研究现状进行分析，总结国内外智库的发展趋势，识别智库研究的重要主题。[结果/结论]通过对智库影响力研究、智库建设与运行机制研究、智库信息管理与情报支撑研究3个重要主题进行深入分析，探寻智库研究发展的研究趋势和重点，以期推进中国特色新型智库的建设进程。
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