Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2023-12-04 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Since it was proposed, in vitro human embryo research had been following the 14-day rule, which limited in vitro research on human embryos within 14 days after fertilization. With the advancement in embryo culturing technology, this ethical rule has been greatly challenged. In 2021, the International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) recommended a conditional extension of the existing time limit in ISSCR Guidelines for Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, hence the international scientific community has restarted the debate on the 14-day rule. This study systematically analyzed the historical background and controversies of the 14- day rule ethical regulation of human embryo research, as well as revisited the core ethical issues of the moral status, dignity, and legal status of human embryos as research subjects. It also comprehensively examined the attitudes of different stakeholders in responding to the relaxation of current regulations and raised policy agenda and suggestions in extending the time limit of human embryo research.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The rapid development of modern science and technology not only brings benefits to human society, but also brings huge ethical risks and challenges. How to carry out systematic science and technology ethics research has become an important issue currently. Science and technology ethics research is a typical interdisciplinary, comprehensive, and complex think tank problem that draws upon the fields of natural sciences and social sciences. The relevant research is reviewed to found out important issues and themes in the field, and the think tank double helix methodology is used to propose conceptual framework and practical method in the science and technology ethics research, aiming to propose a methodological innovation in the field of science and technology ethics research.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： With the deepening of think tank construction, the importance of think tank research has become increasingly prominent. Think tank double helix methodology focuses on solving the problem of “how to do” think tank research, provides a systematic cognitive perspective for think tank research. Starting from the origin of think tank research, this study proposes the “ten key issues” of the think tank double helix methodology. The first key issue is “the decomposition and analysis of think tank problem”. This issue is the critical starting point for think tank problem research. The think tank problem is simplified and decomposed into the single-dimensional sub-problem set, and the structured cognitive framework is established, which is linked to the existing knowledge system. The second key issue is “the scenario analysis driven by think tank problem”. The various scenarios of the think tank problem that may occur in the future are considered, and the possibility of these scenarios, their impact and consequences are analyzed to help decision makers make reasonable decisions. The third key issue is “ the uncertainty analysis of think tank problem research”. Through analyzing the uncertainty in policy-making, the risk degree and scope brought by uncertainty, and the results under different risks, the deviation of think tank problem solution is reduced. The fourth key issue is “the policy simulation analysis of think tank problem research”. The convergence of economics, sociology, management, public policy, and other multidisciplinary theoretical knowledge is used to model and calculate think tank problem under the support of computer technology, and the past causes and future impacts of policy are analyzed accordingly. The fifth key issue is “ the circulative iteration of think tank research”. When there are situations such as incomplete cognitive framework, insufficient expert consensus, and deviations between objective analysis and subjective judgment, a new round research needs to be opened. Such a circulative iteration is a process of deepening understanding, continuous convergence, repeatedly evidence-based, and seeking solutions. The sixth key issue is “the coupling relationship between DIIS and MIPS”. The two spirals of data-information-intelligence-solution (DIIS) and mechanism-impact-policy-solution (MIPS) are tightly coupled, interlocked, and mutually affected, achieving convergence from relatively decentralized, open, and cross-domain think tank research to practical solutions. The seventh key issue is “the expert organization and management of think tank research”. The selection of experts needs to be closely linked to the think tank problem to achieve a match between experts and problem. With the deepening of research, it is necessary to continuously search for and select suitable experts, and dynamically organize a wider range of experts to participate in research. The eighth key issue is “ the human-machine combination think tank research support system”. The emergence of artificial intelligence scientists and human-machine combination interaction platform systems provide possibilities for human-machine combination think tank research. This will become the trend and direction of think tanks in the future. The ninth key issue is “the combination of objective analysis and subjective judgment”. To maintain the independence of think tanks, it is necessary to combine objective analysis and subjective judgment, avoid decision-making deviations on the basis of fully considering objective facts, and prevent intentional subjective intervention on the basis of fully analyzing the demands of relevant stakeholders. The tenth key issue is “the think tank product quality management”. The quality of think tank products represents the core competitiveness of the think tank. Think tank double helix methodology can provide a basis for the quality control of the whole think tank research process. “Ten key issues” is another innovation, deepening, and development of think tank double helix methodology. Solving “ten key issues” will provide more specific method and tool set for think tank double helix methodology, and make think tank research more operational, formalization, and scientific.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： In the process of advancing the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, the important role of think tanks becomes increasingly prominent. Because of the comprehensive crossover characteristics of think tank research problem, it manifested as different scale research problems. The research process follows the general and common methods of the think-tank Data-Information-Intelligence-Solution (DIIS) theory, and has different key elements and steps. Grasping these key elements and steps and forming different scale DIIS methods can provide effective tools and methods for individuals, research groups and research teams to investigate the think tank research problems. From the perspective of crossing, relevance, and complexity, this study analyzes the characteristics of largescale, medium-scale, and small-scale think tank problems, and develops the process of dividing the scale of think tank problems. Secondly, large-scale, medium-scale, and small-scale think tank DIIS methods are proposed based on the DIIS theory, and the relationships of them are investigated. Finally, the DIIS writing specifications of think tanks of different scales are developed in order to ensure the normative and high quality of think tank research and to better play the role of think tank.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-19 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： With the in-depth exploration of think tank construction, the rational development of think tanks and the output of high-quality research results have received increasingly attention in China. Nevertheless, the existing think tank research generally focuses on the part of the think tank problem, and it lacks the systematic thinking and cognition of the whole process of think tank research. To this end, based on the principle of think tank Data-Information-Intelligence-Solution (DIIS), this study proposes a three-dimensional theoretical model of think tank DIIS from the perspectives of research process, think tank orientation and method tools. Furthermore, the proposed model is analyzed from different views, including the main view of the research process and think tank orientation, the top view of the research process and method tools, and the left view of the method tool and the think tank orientation. Through the research, this study aims to explore the systematic methodology of think tank research and make contributions to the construction of high-quality think tank in China.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2018-07-05 Cooperative journals: 《智库理论与实践》
Abstract：[目的/意义]智库作为独立运作且相对稳定的政策研究和咨询机构，为政府、企业及社会公众提供决策参考，对实现我国决策的科学化和民主化具有重要作用。然而，我国智库研究落后于国外智库研究近20年，且智库发展过程中也存在诸多问题亟待研究。因此，综述分析国内外相关智库研究，识别研究发展趋势和重要研究主题，为我国高端智库建设提供理论依据，具有重要意义。[方法/过程]本文基于文献计量分析和内容分析法对国内外智库研究现状进行分析，总结国内外智库的发展趋势，识别智库研究的重要主题。[结果/结论]通过对智库影响力研究、智库建设与运行机制研究、智库信息管理与情报支撑研究3个重要主题进行深入分析，探寻智库研究发展的研究趋势和重点，以期推进中国特色新型智库的建设进程。
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