分类： 生物学 >> 生物物理学 提交时间： 2016-05-12
Qin, Dongdong
Rizak, Joshua
Chu, Xunxun
Li, Zhifei
Yang, Shangchuan
Feng, Xiaoli
Hu, Xintian
Qin, Dongdong
Rizak, Joshua
Chu, Xunxun
Li, Zhifei
Yang, Shangchuan
Feng, Xiaoli
Hu, Xintian
Qin, Dongdong
Chen, Lin
Lu, Longbao
Hu, Xintian
Yang, Lichuan
Yang, Lichuan
摘要： Non-human primates offer unique opportunities to study the development of depression rooted in behavioral and physiological abnormalities. This study observed adult female rhesus macaques within social hierarchies and aimed to characterize the physiological and brain abnormalities accompanying depressive-like behavior. The behaviors of 31 female rhesus macaques from 14 different breeding groups were video recorded, and the footage was analyzed using the focal animal technique. There were 13 monkeys who never displayed huddling behavior (non-huddlers). The remaining 18 monkeys were divided into two groups according the mean time spent in the huddle posture. Four monkeys were designated as high huddlers, whereas the other 14 monkeys were low huddlers. An inverse relationship was discovered between social rank and depression. High huddlers spent more time engaging in physical contact and in close proximity to other monkeys, as well as less time spontaneously and reactively locomoting, than low huddlers and/or non-huddlers. Cortisol levels measured from the hair were elevated significantly in high huddlers compared with low huddlers and non-huddlers, and the measured cortisol levels were specifically higher in high huddlers than subordinate or dominant control monkeys. Regional cerebral blood flow data revealed significant and widespread decreases in high huddlers compared with non-huddlers.
分类： 生物学 >> 生物物理学 提交时间： 2016-05-11
Qin, Dongdong
Rizak, Joshua
Feng, Xiaoli
Yang, Shangchuan
Fan, Xiaona
Hu, Xintian
Qin, Dongdong
Rizak, Joshua
Feng, Xiaoli
Yang, Shangchuan
Fan, Xiaona
Hu, Xintian
Lue, Longbao
Hu, Xintian
Rizak, Joshua
Qin, Dongdong
Chen, Lin
Yang, Lichuan
Yang, Lichuan
摘要： Accumulating evidence has shown that a polymorphism in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) moderates the association between stress and depressive symptoms. However, the exact etiologies underlying this moderation are not well understood. Here it is reported that among adult female rhesus macaques, an orthologous polymorphism (rh5-HTTLPR) exerted an influence on cortisol responses to chronic stress. It was found that females with two copies of the short allele were associated with increased cortisol responses to chronic stress in comparison to their counterparts who have one or two copies of the long allele. In the absence of stress, no differences related to genotype were observed in these females. This genetic moderation was found without a genetic influence on exposure to stressful situations. Rather it was found to be a genetic modulation of cortisol responses to chronic stress. These findings indicate that the rh5-HTTLPR polymorphism is closely related to hypothalamus pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis reactivity, which may increase susceptibility to depression in females with low serotonin transporter efficiency and a history of stress. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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