Subjects: Biology >> Biophysics submitted time 2016-05-12
Du, Yipeng
Zhou, Bo
He, Xiaolong
Wei, Peng
Liu, Pingsheng
Wei, Taotao
Cai, Tanxi
Xue, Peng
Yang, Fuquan
Cai, Tanxi
Xue, Peng
Yang, Fuquan
Li, Tingting
Cai, Tanxi
Zhou, Bo
He, Xiaolong
Wei, Peng
Abstract： Protein lysine malonylation, a newly identified protein post-translational modification (PTM), has been proved to be evolutionarily conserved and is present in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. However, its potential roles associated with human diseases remain largely unknown. In the present study, we observed an elevated lysine malonylation in a screening of seven lysine acylations in liver tissues of db/db mice, which is a typical model of type 2 diabetes. We also detected an elevated lysine malonylation in ob/ob mice, which is another model of type 2 diabetes. We then performed affinity enrichment coupled with proteomic analysis on liver tissues of both wild-type (wt) and db/db mice and identified a total of 573 malonylated lysine sites from 268 proteins. There were more malonylated lysine sites and proteins in db/db than in wt mice. Five proteins with elevated malonylation were verified by immunoprecipitation coupled with Western blot analysis. Bioinformatic analysis of the proteomic results revealed the enrichment of malonylated proteins in metabolic pathways, especially those involved in glucose and fatty acid metabolism. In addition, the biological role of lysine malonylation was validated in an enzyme of the glycolysis pathway. Together, our findings support a potential role of protein lysine malonylation in type 2 diabetes with possible implications for its therapy in the future.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Biology >> Biophysics submitted time 2016-05-12
Cai, Tanxi
Shu, Qingbo
Liu, Peibin
Niu, Lili
Guo, Xiaojing
Yang, Fuquan
Cai, Tanxi
Shu, Qingbo
Liu, Peibin
Niu, Lili
Guo, Xiaojing
Yang, Fuquan
Cai, Tanxi
Shu, Qingbo
Hou, JunJie
Liu, Charles C.
Abstract： Phosphoinositides, the phosphorylated derivatives of phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns), are key regulators of many fundamental biological processes, including cell growth, proliferation, and motility. Here, we present a novel method for rapid, sensitive, and simultaneous profiling of phosphatidylinositol trisphosphate (PtdInsP(3)), phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PtdInsP(2)), and phosphatidylinositol phosphate (PtdInsP) of different fatty acid compositions. This method is based on a technique called charged diacylglycerol fragment ion-specific multiple precursor ion scanning (DAG(+)-specific MPIS), coupled with prior phosphate methylation. Using DAG(+)-specific MPIS, we were able to identify 32 PtdIns, 28 PtdInsP, 30 PtdInsP(2), and 3 PtdInsP(3) molecular species from bovine brain extracts or prostatic cancer cell lines in an efficient and time-saving manner. Our analysis revealed a large range of fatty acyl compositions in phosphoinositides not obtained previously from mammalian samples. We also developed a method that involves isotopic labeling of endogenous phosphoinositides with deuterated diazomethane (CD2N2) for quantitation of phosphoinositides. CD2N2 was generated in situ through acid-catalyzed H/D exchange and methanolysis of trimethylsilyl diazomethane (TMS-diazomethane). Phosphoinositides, extracted from a PC3 prostatic cancer cell line, were labeled either with CH2N2 or CD2N2 and mixed in known proportions for DAG(+)-specific MPIS-based mass spectrometry (MS) analysis. The results indicate that isotopic labeling is capable of providing accurate quantitation of PtdInsP(3), PtdInsP(2), and PtdInsP with adequate linearity as well as high reproducibility with an average coefficient variation of 18.9%. More importantly, this new methods excluded the need for multiple phosphoinositide internal standards. DAG(+)-specific MPIS and isotopic labeling based MS analysis of phosphoinositides offers unique advantages over existing approaches and presents a powerful tool for research of phosphoinositide metabolism.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Biology >> Biophysics submitted time 2016-05-12
Shu, Qingbo
Cai, Tanxi
Chen, Xiulan
Xue, Peng
Zhu, Nali
Xie, Zhensheng
Wei, Shasha
Niu, Lili
Yang, Fuquan
Shu, Qingbo
Cai, Tanxi
Chen, Xiulan
Xue, Peng
Zhu, Nali
Xie, Zhensheng
Wei, Shasha
Niu, Lili
Yang, Fuquan
Shu, Qingbo
Zhang, Qing
Abstract： One of the major challenges in prostate cancer therapy remains the development of effective treatments for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), as the underlying mechanisms for its progression remain elusive. Previous studies showed that androgen receptor (AR) is crucially involved in regulation of metabolism in prostate cancer (PCa) cells throughout the transition from early stage, androgen-sensitive PCa to androgen-independent CRPC. AR achieves such metabolic rewiring directively either via its transcriptional activity or via interactions with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). However, due to the heterogeneous expression and activity status of AR in PCa cells, it remains a challenge to investigate the links between AR status and metabolic alterations. To this end, we compared the proteomes of three pairs of androgen-sensitive (AS) and androgen-independent (AI) PCa cell lines, namely, PC3-AR(+)/PC3, 22Rv1/Du145, and LNCaP/C42B, using an iTRAQ labeling approach. Our results revealed that most of the differentially expressed proteins between each pair function in metabolism, indicating a metabolic shift between AS and AT cells, as further validated by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)-based quantification of nucleotides and relative comparison of fatty acids between these cell lines. Furthermore, increased adenylate kinase isoenzyme 1 (AK1) in AS relative to AT cells may result in activation of AMPK, representing a major regulatory factor involved in the observed metabolic shift in PCa cells.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
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