Your conditions: 刘作华
  • Strengthening Protection of Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources, Promoting Development of Animal Breed Industry in China

    Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》

    Abstract: Livestock and poultry genetic resources are one of the basic and strategic biological resources in China, and play an important role in the development of modern agriculture. Modern livestock and poultry genetic resources should not only provide high quality, safe, and diversified livestock products for the market, but also contribute to promoting local farmers’ income, sustainable utilization of resources, ecological and cultural heritage protection. This study expounds the theoretical basis, technical methods, current situation and development trend of the protection of local livestock and poultry genetic resources in China, and puts forward suggestions for the future development, so as to provide reference for promoting the construction of animal husbandry “seed power” in China.

  • Research Status on Environmental Control Technologies and Intelligent Equipment for Livestock and Poultry Production

    Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》

    Abstract: Environmental control technology, management, and intelligent equipment are critical components for modern intensive livestock and poultry farming, having great impacts on its biosecurity, animal environment, and product quality, which are considered as the mostly important issues for the sustainable development of animal husbandry. Focusing on three important areas of intelligent control of animal housing environment, intelligent identification of livestock and poultry health, and intelligent feeding management, taking thermal environment, air quality, and light environment as main factors in particular, this study technically analyzes the impact of housing environment on animals’ health and the state-of-the-art technical methods on environmental manipulation in the world. Also presented in the paper is the current status of intelligent identification technology of livestock and poultry health based on physiological, behavioral, sound, and individual automatic monitoring, the intelligent feeding management and techniques, as well as equipment, including precision feeding, mechanical manure cleaning, auto-collection of animal products, and comprehensive management of animal production information. Based on summary of existing issues and challenges, relevant suggestions on research and development in future are given. The paper aims at providing theoretical basis and technical support on the transformation, upgrading and sustainable development of China's livestock and poultry industry.

  • 液态发酵饲料在养猪生产上的应用

    Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-25 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》

    Abstract:现代意义上的液态发酵饲料是食品工业副产品及农副产品或饲料与水按1.0:1.5至1:4混合后,经充分发酵后形成稳定状态的饲料,具有抑制病原菌增殖、提高畜禽生长性能、改善胃肠道健康、扩大饲料来源、降低生产成本等优势。自欧盟宣布全面禁止使用抗生素类饲料添加剂以来,人们在安全、有效的无抗饲料的生产与应用技术方面开展了大量研究,液态发酵饲料作为一种无抗饲料,具有广泛的应用前景。本文就液态发酵饲料的生产工艺、品质影响因素及其在养猪生产上的应用进行综述,以期为液态发酵饲料的推广应用提供参考。

  • 猪肠道微生物区系的形成及营养调控

    Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》

    Abstract:猪肠道微生物区系的建立是一个非常复杂的过程。微生物与宿主之间在长期的进化与演变过程中形成了一种相互依赖、相互制约的微生态平衡。肠道微生物在宿主动物的生长发育、器官功能、营养代谢、机体免疫等方面发挥了重要作用。微生物区系的形成与动态平衡受到内部和外部多种因素的影响与制约,特别是不同营养素(碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪等)对猪肠道微生物菌群的组成具有重要影响。本文着重探讨了猪肠道微生物区系的形成特点和主要营养素对其调控的影响。

  • 荣昌哺乳母猪标准回肠可消化赖氨酸适宜需要量研究

    Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》

    Abstract:本试验旨在通过研究哺乳期饲粮不同赖氨酸水平对荣昌母猪生产性能、血液指标和乳成分的影响,以确定荣昌哺乳母猪标准回肠可消化赖氨酸(SID Lys)的适宜需要量。选取2~3胎血缘相近的荣昌母猪50头,到妊娠110 d时按体况随机分为5组(每组10个重复,每个重复1头猪),分别饲喂SID Lys水平为0.60%(组1)、0.70%(组2)、0.80%(组3)、0.90%(组4)和1.00%(组5)的饲粮,哺乳期28 d。结果表明:1)提高饲粮SID Lys水平有减少母猪体重损失的趋势(P=0.0689);高水平(1.00%)的SID Lys比0.60%~0.80%SID Lys显著降低了1~14日龄仔猪平均日采食量(P0.05)。2)哺乳第14天的母猪血清尿素氮含量随饲粮SID Lys水平的提高均有不同程度的降低,其中组3~组5显著低于组1(P0.05),但显著影响了血清雌二醇水平(P0.05),但常乳中的非脂固形物和乳蛋白含量及乳密度随饲粮SID Lys水平的提高均有不同程度地增加,其中组4和组5显著高于组1(P<0.05)。通过对母猪哺乳期体重变化、血清尿素氮和雌二醇含量进行二次曲线模拟,得到荣昌哺乳母猪饲粮SID Lys的适宜水平为0.83%~0.89%。

  • 共轭亚油酸对C2C12肌细胞生脂和生肌分化的影响

    Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-11 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》

    Abstract:本研究分析了共轭亚油酸(CLA)对C2C12肌细胞生脂转分化和生肌分化的影响。分别培养并诱导C2C12鼠源肌细胞生脂转分化和正常的生肌分化,同时分别使用终浓度为50 µmol/L的c9,t11-CLA和t10,c12-CLA处理细胞,取生脂转分化第10天和生肌分化第8天的细胞用于实时定量PCR检测,观察c9,t11-CLA和t10,c12-CLA对C2C12肌细胞不同分化的影响。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,c9,t11-CLA促进了C2C12肌细胞的生脂转分化,显著增加了细胞内甘油三酯(TG)含量(P<0.05),显著上调了细胞内脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)、CCAAT增强子结合蛋白α(C/EBPα)、过氧化物酶体增殖剂激活受体γ(PPARγ)和脂肪酸结合蛋白4(FABP4)基因的表达水平(P<0.05);与对照组相比,t10,c12-CLA则抑制了C2C12肌细胞的生脂转分化,显著减少了细胞内TG含量(P<0.05),显著下调了细胞内C/EBPα、PPARγ和FABP4基因的表达水平(P<0.05)。免疫印迹杂交结果显示FAS和FABP4的蛋白水平也发生了与基因表达相一致的变化。2)与对照组相比,t10,c12-CLA抑制了C2C12肌细胞的生肌分化,显著减少了细胞内肌管数/细胞数(P<0.05),显著下调了细胞内肌细胞生成素(MYOG)和成肌分化抗原(MYOD)基因的表达水平(P<0.05);与对照组相比,c9,t11-CLA则显著上调了细胞内MYOG基因的表达水平(P<0.05),对C2C12肌细胞的生肌分化有一定程度的促进作用。免疫印迹杂交结果显示MYOG和MYOD的蛋白水平也发生了与基因表达相一致的变化。以上结果表明,CLA对动物骨骼肌细胞的正常生肌分化和生脂转分化都具有重要的调节作用。