分类: 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间: 2023-02-19
摘要: The selection of low-radioactive construction materials is of the utmost importance for rare-event searches and thus critical to the XENONnT experiment. Results of an extensive radioassay program are reported, in which material samples have been screened with gamma-ray spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and $^{222}$Rn emanation measurements. Furthermore, the cleanliness procedures applied to remove or mitigate surface contamination of detector materials are described. Screening results, used as inputs for a XENONnT Monte Carlo simulation, predict a reduction of materials background ($\sim$17%) with respect to its predecessor XENON1T. Through radon emanation measurements, the expected $^{222}$Rn activity concentration in XENONnT is determined to be 4.2$\,(^{+0.5}_{-0.7})\,\mu$Bq/kg, a factor three lower with respect to XENON1T. This radon concentration will be further suppressed by means of the novel radon distillation system.
分类: 物理学 >> 凝聚态:结构、力学和热性能 提交时间: 2017-03-26
摘要: Effects of deformed dislocation on helium retention in pure iron, including the helium atoms diffusion along the dislocation line and desorption from dislocation trapping sites, were investigated. The dislocation defect was introduced in specimens by cold-rolling, and then 5 keV helium ions were implanted into the deformed specimens. Slow positron beam technology and thermal desorption spectroscopy were used to investigate the evolution of dislocation defects and the desorption behavior of helium atoms under influence of dislocation. The behaviors of S-E, W-E and S-W plots indicate clearly that lots of helium atoms remain in the deformed specimen and helium atoms combining with dislocation change the distribution of electron density. The helium desorption plot indicates that dislocation accelerates helium desorption at 293 K-600 K and facilitates helium dissociation from HenVm (n/m=1.8) cluster.
分类: 物理学 >> 凝聚态:结构、力学和热性能 提交时间: 2017-03-24
摘要: In order to study the fundamental processes of helium retention and thermal desorption from the structural material of future fusion reactors, thermal desorption measurements were performed to investigate helium trapping from defects in binary Fe9Cr model alloys irradiated by 3 keV and 0.2 keV He ions. Interstitial type dislocation loops, vacancies and vacancy clusters were produced by irradiation with 3 keV helium ions, which acted as the sink trapped the helium atoms. Helium thermal desorption peaks from dislocations, helium-vacancies were obtained by thermal desorption spectroscopy at ~ 540 篊, in the range from 205 篊 to 478 篊, respectively. Simple first order dissociation kinetics are used to estimate the activation energies associated with the desorption groups. A sharp desorption peak was observed at ~ 865 篊 due to the BCC-FCC phase transformation for specimens under all examined implantation conditions.