Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology submitted time 2023-09-30
Abstract： There are many factors influencing prosocial behavior, and the research results of "who is more prosocial in high social class or low social class" are different, and the research conclusions are easy to generate group stigma, so further clarifying how social class affects prosocial tendency has become a research hotspot. Previous studies mainly discuss the effect of self-induced social status from the perspective of prosociety. However, by subdividing subjective social class into subjective family class and subjective individual class, the relationship between subjective social class and prosocial tendencies may be better explained. In addition, reciprocity beliefs, as the ideological and cognitive aspect of an individual's internal reciprocity norm, is a remote factor that determines the actual reciprocity behavior, and was also introduced into the prediction mechanism to better explain the relationship between subjective social class and prosocial tendencies.
Study 1 recruited college students through an online platform with 598 valid participants, and used the MacArthur Scale of Subjective, the Prosocial Tendencies Measures, the Personal Norms of Reciprocity Scale, and the Personal Relative Deprivation Scale to measure individuals' subjective family class, subjective individual class, prosocial tendency, reciprocity belief, and individual relative deprivation. SPSS process was used to conduct chain multiple mediation tests and moderating effect tests. Results found that subjective family class can positively predict subjective individual class and prosocial tendency, and subjective individual class can negatively predict balanced reciprocity belief. Balanced reciprocity belief positively predicted prosocial tendency, in which balanced reciprocity belief played an intermediary role between subjective family class and prosocial tendency, subjective individual class and balanced reciprocity belief had a masking effect between them, and individual relative deprivation played an enhanced moderating role between reciprocal belief and prosocial tendency; In study 2, CGSS2021 data was used to further verify the results of study 1 by selecting variables related items, 2312 valid data were obtained after deleting missing data, and the same model test was conducted by SPSS process. Results found that both subjective family class and subjective individual class can positively predict prosocial tendency, subjective family class can still positively predict subjective individual class, subjective individual class negatively predicted negative reciprocity belief, negative reciprocity belief negatively predicted prosocial tendency, and subjective individual class played a mediating role between subjective family class and prosocial tendency.Subjective individual class and negative reciprocity belief played an intermediary role between them, and there were boundary conditions on the direct effect of individual relative deprivation. Combining the results of the two studies, it can be stably found that subjective family class can positively predict prosocial tendencies, which provided new evidence for "higher subjective social class has higher prosocial tendencies".Subjective family class is the antecedent influencing factor of subjective individual class, which can predict reciprocity belief and then prosocial tendency through the latter. Subjective individual class and reciprocity belief are important mechanisms for subjective family class to predict prosocial tendency, but different reciprocity beliefs play different roles in predicting prosocial tendency.
Whether it is the relationship between subjective family class and subjective individual class, the different predictive effects of different reciprocity beliefs on prosocial tendency, or the chain mediating effects of subjective individual class and reciprocity beliefs on subjective family class and prosocial tendency. These stable findings can help to understand subjective social class and its prediction mechanism for prosocial tendency, provide a new perspective for understanding the relationship between subjective social class and prosocial tendency, and show that social cognitive theory and social exchange theory are not incompatible in explaining prosocial tendency, and can better understand individual prosocial tendency by combining them.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2020-08-02
Abstract： " Isolation in accordance with relavant emergency laws is one of the key measures to coordinate collective action to prevent and control infectious diseases transmission when they occur. But the choice in conformity with isolation regulation is double-edged for the public. On one hand, it protects them from being infected and prevents the virus spread to others, so the choice can contribute to the whole society to well control disease. On the other hand, the choice may trap them into social pressure because of the conflict with the social convention in specail situation. In order to explore what conformist behavior is more accepted in the dilemma where the isolation regulation and social convention are opposite, the study used an event as experimental task in which the parents chosed to report their son from the areas with severen epidmic to accept quarantine in conformity with regulation or social pressure. During the emergency of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), a total of 290 undergraduates in china were recruited as free volunteers who were divided into four groups at random and each group was randomly assigned to one condition of 2 (conformist choice: isolation regulation, social pressure) × 2 (behavior outcome: ill and infecting others, not ill and not infecting others). They were asked to evaluate the conformist choice after reading the stroty on four questions: acceptability, parent-child relationship change, feeling of internal conflict and legal punishment. The results showed that: 1) comparing with the behavior following social pressure, the bahavior conformity with legal regulation was more accepted, felt less internal conflict when the actor made the choice, was given less legal punishment and was better for parent-child relationship; 2) Conformist choice moderating the effect of behavior outcome on evaluation was varied for diffent questions, which is significant for the acceptability evalution and the parent-child relationship change evalution and not for the evalutions of feeling of internal conflict and legal punishment. The finding the actor`s choice what to comply with affects the evaluation can be explained that the background conditons of contagious disease and collectivistic culture enhance the salience of personal norms via the perception of regulation information and Confucian-heritage role ethics activates the willingly obliged motivation which is internalized into integrated personal norms to guide the evaluation. Mental states, choice and the outcome of those choice can structure many nuanced patters to response to different questions of evaluation. And this is likely why the moderation effect of conformist choice is varied when analyses how the outcome affects the evalution of different questions. "
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
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