Subjects: Biology >> Bioengineering submitted time 2018-07-31 Cooperative journals: 《中国生物工程杂志》
Abstract:目的:从产品开发角度分析免疫细胞治疗类药物的发展现状和未来趋势。方法:检索科睿唯安(Clarivate Analytics)的Cortellis数据库的数据,利用定量分析法和对比分析法对检索结果进行分析。结果:目前已有2种免疫细胞治疗类药物上市,1种免疫细胞治疗类药物处于预注册阶段,4种药物处于临床III期,同时大量处于临床II/I期药物显示未来市场上将有更多免疫细胞治疗类药物。产品交易方面,目前在免疫细胞治疗类药物的商业交易也趋向频繁。目前已发生的交易中,本文列举分析了交易金额前十的交易,其中药物开发及商业化许可是最主要的交易模式。结论:目前免疫细胞治疗类药物市场尚处于起步阶段,但随着未来技术的不断发展改进,相信未来有更多的药物进入商用市场,为癌症及其他疾病的治疗提供新的契机。
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2018-07-27 Cooperative journals: 《天文研究与技术》
Abstract: 空间探测器对X射线天体源的有效观测时间主要受到空间环境因素的制约。制约有效观测时间的主要因素包括太阳避免角,地球对源的遮挡及南大西洋异常区等;然而卫星处于一些高粒子本底区域,太阳与地球之间的光照区及视场指向接近地球时,本底水平很高而且难以确定,这些时间的数据也是难以使用的。本文利用orbitTools函数库预测轨道,利用HEAsoft下的attitude函数库计算空间环境变量,利用这些空间环境变量对源的观测时间进行估计,并通过与实际观测比较,证明本方法估计的观测时间能够比较好的与实际情况一致。
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2018-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract:
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2018-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract:我国东南红壤丘陵区面临侵蚀、酸化、肥力衰减、重金属污染、季节性干旱等退化问题,造成红壤生态系统退化和土地生产力下降,制约了区域农业的可持续发展。1985年鹰潭红壤生态实验站建站以来,系统开展了红壤生态系统的长期观测和生态学基础研究,以及红壤退化与修复、耕地地力演变与提升、红壤养分循环与高效利用、红壤污染与治理、红壤生态农业模式与区域发展战略等方面的应用研究和示范推广。在红壤发生方面,发现现代脱硅富铝化过程仍在继续,小流域土壤自然酸化速率较低;针对红壤农业利用中的加速酸化,研发了抑制质子产生和提升土壤抗酸化能力的新方法,挖掘了红壤区新的耐铝植物资源,揭示了植物耐铝的分子生物学机制;建立了红壤区土壤侵蚀多尺度监测方法,编制了土壤可蚀性因子分布图,查明了红壤侵蚀演变和崩岗发育机制,建立了侵蚀红壤的开发性治理模式;探明了红壤区季节性干旱发生规律,揭示了红壤孔隙形成机制以及不同尺度的水文通量,研发了农田水分高精度远程数据采集系统,建立了低丘红壤区高效节水农业模式;建立了土壤-农作物系统重金属和稀土元素迁移预测模型,提出了红壤和水稻土安全阈值,集成了红壤重金属污染治理技术模式;查明了南方红壤地力和养分平衡的演变状况,揭示了红壤碳氮转化生物网络的驱动机制,提出红壤大团聚体生物培肥技术;创建了江西省耕地保育与持续高效的现代农业技术体系,发展了红壤小流域“山水林田湖草”生态循环农业模式,为红壤区耕地质量建设、生态环境保护和新一代生态循环农业的发展作出了重要贡献。
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2018-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract:现代化海洋牧场建设是我国近海生态环境保护和海洋渔业健康发展的重要抓手。我国海洋牧场的建设理念不断深化,由投放人工鱼礁和放流资源生物,逐步过渡为改善海域环境和养护渔业资源。如今海洋牧场建设规模不断扩大,至今已完成64处国家级海洋牧场示范区建设。但如何实现现代化海洋牧场建设,仍然存在诸多问题亟待解决。文章从理念现代化、装备现代化、技术现代化、管理现代化4个方面论述了现代化海洋牧场的建设理念。针对我国温带和热带海域特点,基于陆海统筹蓝色粮仓建设的需求,提出了海洋牧场与集约化精准养殖场、海岸带生态农牧场、离岸深水智慧渔场融合发展新模式,以期为现有温带海域海洋牧场升级和热带海域海洋牧场的现代化建设提供参考。
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2018-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract:科学技术是第一生产力,国家高度关注并出台多项政策支持基础研究,提升原始创新能力。因此,引导社会资金投资基础研究是理论与实践的重大关切问题。文章以中国科学院的3个典型研究所为研究对象,提出了引导社会资金促进基础研究成果转化的理论分析框架。按照理论分析的框架进行案例分析,提出了以下政策建议:创新融资模式,拓宽基础研究资金渠道;建立企业与科研院所沟通的渠道,改变企业家急功近利的心态;营造有利于培育科学家精神的环境和氛围等。
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2018-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract:党的十九大报告中明确指出:“建立以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研深度融合的技术创新体系,加强对中小企业创新的支持,促进科技成果转化”。因此加快科技服务产业发展、加强产学研深度融合、促进科技成果转移转化是新时代科技工作者的重要任务。文章从加快建设高水平科技园区的视角出发,在充分借鉴国际经验的基础上,提出了高科技园区助推科技成果转移转化的实现路径。
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2018-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract:随着数字化浪潮的涌现,数字经济必将对中国的经济产生更为深远的影响,表现在不仅将促进国内生产总值(GDP)更快速的增长,还将提升生产率、消费结构转型、优化投资结构、提升企业出口规模、提高人力资本质量,并引领新型智慧城市的发展。文章构建了非竞争型就业投入占用产出模型,采用支出法GDP(即最终支出的3个方面:消费、资本形成总额和出口总额)核算了我国数字经济的经济规模,最终估计3类支出所形成的经济规模分别对就业的影响效应。研究发现:(1)ICT(信息和通信技术)产业与传统产业的融合能够带动经济规模的扩张,特别是网络消费的增长,以此产生的消费导向型就业效应正在逐步扩大(使得非农就业占全部就业人数比例从2014年的15.2%增长到2016年的20.2%),其中未来应特别关注的发展领域应聚焦在医疗健康、文化娱乐和交通通讯。(2)数字经济对技术密集型制造业的就业影响强于劳动密集型和资本密集型,同时在生产型服务业中也表现出了强有力的就业影响效应,并促使我国产业经济从劳动密集型向技术密集型的转型。(3)中国的数字化转型将带来生产率的提升和创新的提速,并促进职业技能的培养,促使人力资本从低成本优势向职业技能优势转型,从而培养更高技能的劳动力队伍。
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2018-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract:文章总结了国家高新区30年建设的历史过程和发展成就,评价和揭示了建设国家高新区的国家作用和历史意义;深度剖析了国家高新区在新时代面临的挑战和转型发展规律;提出了国家高新区三次创业“创新经济体”的建设目标和建设思路,并结合高新区的现实发展提出了新时代建设的重点推进方向与举措。
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2018-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract:建设现代化经济体系是我国经济高质量发展的重大紧迫任务。文章围绕强化科技创新对建设现代化经济体系的战略支撑作用,从促进科技与经济深度融合发展、走自主创新道路、加快建设创新型国家和世界科技强国3个方面进行分析,提出了若干战略路径和重点任务,旨在为建设现代化经济体系提供创新动力、核心支柱和坚实科技基础。
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2018-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract:近年来,随着自媒体和网络空间的不断拓展,涉及公共安全的社会热点事件出现复杂、多变、高发的态势,尤其是一些涉及科技的热点事件和突发事件,在引发公众极大参与热情的同时,也在一定程度上对社会生活的正常秩序造成了干扰。将科学普及渗透到重大科技热点事件的治理机制中,实现科学普及全程化、常态化、科学化参与重大科技热点事件治理,对保障社会安全、提升公众理解科技的认知水平都具有重要意义。文章从重大科技热点事件的定义和特征出发,对我国应急科普介入科技热点事件治理的现状进行了分析,从科普介入的模式和时机两个维度构建了科普介入重大科技热点事件的机制,为政府、媒体、科学共同体、企业和公众共同参与提升我国重大科技热点事件治理水平提供参考。
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2018-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract:习近平总书记关于“科技创新、科学普及是实现创新发展的两翼,要把科学普及放在与科技创新同等重要的位置”的论述,为新时代的科普工作指明了方向,也明确了新时代科普的重要地位。加强国家科普能力建设要面向人民对美好生活的需求和国家创新发展的需要,以“四维一体”的科学文化建设为目标,推进科普供给体制的市场化改革,利用新媒介和数字技术推动科普信息化建设。
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2018-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract:习近平总书记强调科技创新与科学普及同等重要,加强科普法治建设是保障我国科普工作顺利开展的首要任务。文章立足于完善法制体系、实现法治目标,系统回顾了我国科学普及法律、制度建设的发展脉络、现状与成效,进而结合当前的发展形势指出了我国科普法治建设面临的挑战与问题,在总结世界各国科普领域的法治建设经验的基础上,提出了对当前我国科学普及法治建设的思考与展望。
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2018-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract:科学普及是科技工作者应尽的社会责任之一。同时,作为科普知识的源头,科学家开展科普工作具有不可替代的重要作用。伴随着知识爆炸和新媒体时代的来临,科学普及工作的内涵以及模式都发生了深刻的改变,尤其是科学普及的科学性、准确性、规范性问题,给当今社会的发展带来了相应的冲击和影响。政府、科学家群体、媒体乃至全社会应当共同努力、多管齐下,共同推进科学普及领域的治理与发展。
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Soil Science submitted time 2018-07-26
Abstract: "
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Computer Science >> Integration Theory of Computer Science submitted time 2018-07-23 Cooperative journals: 《计算机应用研究》
Abstract: Wearable medical devices with sensor continuously generate enormous data, due to the complexity of the data, it is difficult to process and analyze the big data for finding valuable information that can be useful in decision-making. In order to overcome this issue, this paper proposed a new architecture for the implementation of IoT to store and process scalable sensor data (big data) for health care applications. The proposed architecture consisted of two main sub architectures, namely, Meta Fog-Redirection (MF-R) and AWS key management mechanism. MF-R architecture used big data technologies such as Apache Pig and Apache HBase for collection and storage of the sensor data generated from different sensor devices and it also used kalman filter for removal of noise. AWS key management mechanism used a key management scheme to protect data in the cloud and prevent unauthorized access. When data was stored in the cloud, the proposed system could use stochastic gradient descent algorithms and logistic regression to develop a predictive model of heart disease. Simulation experiments show that compared with other algorithms, the proposed algorithm has smaller error and it has certain advantages in terms of throughput and accuracy.
Subjects: Computer Science >> Integration Theory of Computer Science submitted time 2018-07-23 Cooperative journals: 《计算机应用研究》
Abstract: Bronze acupuncture figure is a precious art in ancient Chinese medicine, which has important cultural and artistic value. However, the traditional protection of this kind of cultural heritage focuses on text, pictures, and video, leading to poor user experience and dissemination. This paper proposed a new approach of digitalization by using three dimensional (3D) laser scanning, 3D visualization and virtual reality. Taking the bronze acupuncture figure with acupoints collected by Hubei Provincial Museum as an example, 3D laser scanning technology was firstly applied to capture 3D point cloud data of it. Secondly, knowledge models of traditional Chinese medicine were represented and stored through eXtensible Markup Language (XML) . Thirdly, a mesh simplification algorithm based on modified quadric error metric and progressive mesh construction was proposed to automatically generate multiresolution 3D models. Finally, a Unity engine based virtual and interactive system for bronze acupuncture figure was developed, and it provided the 3D visualization and interactive query of acupoints, meridians and common diseases. The proposed method is able to provide a reference solution for the digital protection and dissemination of historical relics and intangible cultural heritage.
Subjects: Computer Science >> Integration Theory of Computer Science submitted time 2018-07-23 Cooperative journals: 《计算机应用研究》
Abstract: As the limitations of the single classifier on traffic accident severity, an ensemble approach is proposed for improving the prediction performance. Using CNNs to extract the features from the spatial dimension, getting an ensemble approach with XGBoost and CNN by stacking (multi-level boosting algorithm) . The predicting precision of the approach is 91.51% on the validation set. In comparison with the single classification model, the result of the experiment shows a better performance. For providing useful information for reducing the number of traffic accidents and downgrading the severity of traffic accident, the paper gives out a correlation analysis by sorting the features based on the predictions.
Subjects: Computer Science >> Integration Theory of Computer Science submitted time 2018-07-23 Cooperative journals: 《计算机应用研究》
Abstract: It is difficult for the original test data to meet the requirements of the new version of software testing in regression testing, thus a search-based hierarchical regression test suite augmentation method was proposed to solve the problem. The method mainly includes obtain the target function set module and the test data generation module. Firstly, it Abstract: function call graph from the new program, and builds function coverage information use function traces and original test case set, afterwards, Bayesian conditional probability choose the target function set through calculating; Then using Hadamard matrix to design the orthogonal population, and initialization population with the combination of the orthogonal population and existing test data set. Finally, using the memetic algorithm to generate test data for target functions. Compared with the random algorithm based, the genetic algorithm based and particle swarm algorithm based test data generation methods on four benchmark programs, the generation efficiency of the proposed method was improved on average by approximately 95.2%, 78.2% and 50.5% respectively, the error detection ability of the test case was improved on average by approximately 47.9%, 33.6% and 18.2% respectively. The experimental results show that the proposed method is more suitable for regression test suite augmentation.
Subjects: Computer Science >> Integration Theory of Computer Science submitted time 2018-07-23 Cooperative journals: 《计算机应用研究》
Abstract: Recently, open source software is popular in software industry. However, the reliability for open source software is widely questioned by people. How to assess the reliability of open source software is an important issue. Compared with traditional closed source software, two factors, i. e. fault introduction and the delay time between the fault detection and correction are necessarily considered when building software reliability model of open source software. In this paper, we propose software reliability models for open source software considering the correction process and imperfect debugging. We use the experiment to validate the goodness-of-fit and predictive performance of the proposed model using two fault data sets of open source software. The experimental results show that the proposed models have a good fitting and predictive power in the reliability evaluation of open source software. The proposed models can be used to evaluate the reliability of open source software in the real-world development of open source software.