Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2020-02-16
Abstract： High-functioning autism (HFA) is a term commonly used to identify patients with autism spectrum disorder who have average or above average intellectual abilities but also face severe social dysfunctions. Attention bias towards threatening emotional faces is closely related to the development of social function in individuals with HFA. By reviewing the related research, the authors found that individuals with HFA do not have threatening emotional face attention bias during the automatic processing stage or emotional target participation stage; however, in the control processing stage, where tasks are unrelated to emotions, they demonstrate threatening emotional face attention bias. The theoretical explanations for this threatening emotional face attention bias in individuals with HFA mainly include the Amygdala theory of autism, Intense world theory, and Executive function theory. In terms of neurophysiological mechanisms, it may be related to their abnormal subcutaneous and cortical pathway functions and may be affected by serotonin system genes and oxytocin levels. Based on a comprehensive consideration of research methods and individual factors, future research can further explore the relevant processing characteristics and neuro-biological mechanisms and make efforts to develop scientific and effective intervention strategies.
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Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Medical Psychology submitted time 2019-10-08
Abstract： The early identification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) facilitates early diagnosis and appropriate intervention; that is crucial for ensuring positive developmental outcomes. Evidence from prospective longitudinal studies in high-risk infants (younger siblings of ASD children enrolled before 12 months old) has exhibited the influence of the early identification of ASD by demonstrating developmental trajectories and identifying early manifestations of core symptoms in high-risk ASD infants (who are diagnosed with ASD between 24 and 36 months old). It has been thereby suggested that more subjects, prolonged observation durations, and intensive time points should be adopted in future studies. Additionally, more attention should be paid to ASD-related disorders and early intervention for high-risk infants. In addition, the impact of genetic, environmental, cultural and social factors must also be considered. It is believed that prospective longitudinal studies in high-risk infants in China will assuredly make a distinct difference, both scientifically and clinically.
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