Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：蛋氨酸是动物的必需氨基酸，也是功能性氨基酸。除了参与蛋白质的合成，还可调控细胞增殖分化、胎儿生长发育，并可清除体内自由基，增强机体免疫力，对畜禽的生长发育和繁殖有着重要意义。本文对蛋氨酸的理化性质、体内代谢、胎盘的转运和吸收进行了总结，阐述了蛋氨酸对畜禽繁殖性能的影响及其潜在机制，为今后蛋氨酸在畜禽生产中的进一步深入研究与应用提供参考。
Subjects: Psychology >> Physiological Psychology submitted time 2021-02-03
Abstract： Pain is defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with, actual or potential tissue damage. Pain is of vital functional significance, as it signals threat and initiates behavioral adaptations to avoid harm so as to protect the body. Previous studies have shown abnormalities in pain sensitivity among individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which have been associated with their clinical core symptoms, including restricted and repetitive behaviors as well as deficits in social behaviors. Evidence from case studies and surveys suggested the hyposensitivity to pain for individuals with ASD. Nevertheless, results from experimental studies that involve the application of noxious stimulations and psychophysical measurements were heterogeneous, e.g., some studies reported hypersensitivity to pain in ASD individuals, others reported their hyposensitivity or even normal sensitivity to pain. In this study, we utilized a meta-analysis approach to systematically review experimental studies that investigated pain sensitivity among individuals with ASD and published before August 10, 2020. The meta-analysis was performed according to the rigorous PRISMA Protocol. Studies were included in the analysis if they included both clearly diagnosed ASD individuals and healthy controls, reported data relevant to pain sensitivity, including pain threshold, pain tolerance, pain ratings, and pain-related physiological responses. Relevant studies were obtained from databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Web of Science, PsycInfo, and PubMed by searching for keywords including pain, nociception, autis*, and Asperger. The meta-analysis was conducted in STATA12, and the effect size Hedge’s g with ±95% confidence intervals (CIs) was calculated using a random effect statistical model. Further, we assessed possible moderating effects from variables of pain modality, pain site, the age of involved participants, the sample size of the ASD group and sample locations. Sixteen experimental studies were included in the meta-analysis, with a total sample size N = 822. Pain threshold was not significantly different between ASD individuals and healthy controls (g = 0.34, 95%CI = [?0.14, 0.82]), and this estimate was moderated by variables of pain modality, the age of involved participants, and the sample size of the ASD group. Specifically, individuals with ASD exhibited lower pain thresholds than those of healthy controls selectively for pressure pain (g = 1.62, 95%CI = [0.46, 2.77]). For the outcome variable of pain evoked physiological response, individuals with ASD showed significantly greater physiological responses to medical procedures than those of healthy controls (g = 2.87, 95%CI = [1.07, 4.67]). Nevertheless, ASD and control groups had comparable pain ratings (g = ?0.26, 95%CI = [?0.64, 0.11]). These results suggest that the abnormalities of pain sensitivity among individuals with ASD were modality-dependent, with the abnormality selectively applicable to pressure pain or medical pain. Future studies should combine behavioral, physiological, and neuroimaging measures to comprehensively investigate the pain sensitivity profiles of individuals with ASD. The potential link between pain sensitivity and clinical core symptoms among individuals with ASD should be characterized. Relevant results would potentially expand our understanding of ASD neurobiological mechanisms and provide the theoretical basis for pain assessment among individuals with ASD. " " "
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-11-08 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：饲粮中能量、脂肪、粗蛋白质和纤维会影响到卵泡发育、发情周期、激素水平、胚胎附植和产仔数。卵母细胞质量是决定哺乳动物繁殖性能的关键因素，影响优质胚胎的数量和怀孕率。卵母细胞质量受到糖类、氨基酸和脂肪等营养物质的调节，营养物质代谢异常会降低卵母细胞质量。本文就最新关于营养物质对母猪卵母细胞成熟和早期胚胎发育及繁殖性能的影响的研究进行综述，为通过营养调控提高母猪卵母细胞发育潜能和繁殖性能的研究与实际应用提供参考。
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