提交时间: 2017-05-02
摘要: Under seawater superoleophobic polyvinylidene fluoride [PVDF] membrane inspired by mussel is successfully fabricated for both surfactant-free and surfactant-stabilized oil/seawater separation. The conventional PVDF membrane is modified by a simple solutio
分类: 物理学 >> 普通物理:统计和量子力学,量子信息等 提交时间: 2017-05-02
摘要: Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) hemodialysis membranes with enhanced antifouling capability and hemocompatibility were developed using poly(lactic acid)-block-poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PLA−PHEMA) copolymers as the blending additive. PLA−PHEMA block copolymers were synthesized via reversible addition−fragmentation (RAFT) polymerization from aminolyzed PLA. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) were applied to characterize the synthesized products. By blending PLA with the amphiphilic block copolymer, PLA/PLA−PHEMA membranes were prepared by nonsolvent induced phase separation (NIPS) method. Their chemistry and structure were characterized with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results revealed that PLA/PLA−PHEMA membranes with high PLA−PHEMA contents exhibited enhanced hydrophilicity, water permeability, antifouling and hemocompatibility. Especially, when the PLA−PHEMA concentration was 15 wt %, the water flux of the modified membrane was about 236 L m−2 h−1. Its urea and creatinine clearance was more than 0.70 mL/min, lysozyme clearance was about 0.50 mL/min, BSA clearance was as less as 0.31 mL/min. All the results suggest that PLA−PHEMA copolymers had served as effective agents for optimizing the property of PLA-based membrane for hemodialysis applications.
提交时间: 2017-05-02
摘要: A superamphiphilic poly[vinylidene fluoride] [PVDF] membrane with superoleophobicity under water and superhydrophobicity under oil is successfully prepared. Due to the switchable transport performance, the membrane is applicable to the separation of various oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions with a droplet size greater than 20 nm, and shows superior permeability and antifouling properties, as well as a high separation efficiency.
提交时间: 2017-05-02
摘要: Indium-zinc-oxide [IZO]-based electric double layer [EDL] transistors gated by solution-processed chitosan electrolyte films are fabricated on glass substrates and used for mimicking synaptic plasticity. The conductance of the self-assembled IZO channel t
分类: 物理学 >> 普通物理:统计和量子力学,量子信息等 提交时间: 2017-05-02
摘要: Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes have been widely applied to treat wastewater, however, the removal of toxic aromatic phenolic compounds remains a technical challenge due to the serious adsorption fouling and difficult degradation. Herein, we aimed to design a superhydrophilic PVDF membrane decorated with Au nanoparticles, which enhanced the rapid degradation of p-nitrophenol (4-NP). The superhydrophilic PVDF membrane with a micro/nano structured surface was decorated with Au nanoparticles via poly(dopamine) (PDA) as a spacer. The influences of membrane affinity (e.g. Hydrophilic Membrane (HM), micro/nano structured superhydrophilic membrane (MSiM), and micro/ nano structured superhydrophobic membrane (MSoM)) on PDA deposition and the subsequent Au decoration were comprehensively investigated. The synthesized Au nanoparticles were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-vis absorption spectra. The morphology and composition was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Static catalytic experiments demonstrated that MSiM degraded over 90% of 4-NP in 5 minutes with a kinetic reaction rate constant of 47.84 10 2 min 1 and high stability over 6 cycles. A membrane catalytic reactor (MCR) was designed to realize the continuous catalytic degradation of 4-NP with a kinetic reaction rate constant of 7 10 2 min 1.