分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： The characteristic axion couplings could be generated via effective couplings between the Standard Model (SM) fermions to a pseudo-Goldstone from a high-scale $U(1)$ Peccei-Quinn (PQ) symmetry breaking. Assuming that the UV-induced effective operators generate necessary couplings before the PQ symmetry breaking, and any low-scale couplings to the SM are restricted to the Yukawa sector, three minimal natural scenarios can be formulated, which provides a connection between the QCD-axions and mediators at the GUT/string scales. We find that the PQ symmetry breaking scale could be about $10^{15}$ GeV, higher than the classical QCD dark matter axion window but possible if the anthropic window is considered. We also propose an experiment to probe such scenarios. If the dark matter axion is discovered, they might suggest that we live in an atypical Hubble volume.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： The formation of primordial black hole (PBH) dark matter and the generation of scalar induced secondary gravitational waves (SIGWs) have been studied in the generic no-scale supergravity inflationary models. By adding an exponential term to the K\"ahler potential, the inflaton experiences a period of ultraslow-roll and the amplitude of primordial power spectrum at small scales is enhanced to $\mathcal{O}(10^{-2})$. The enhanced power spectra of primordial curvature perturbations can have both sharp and broad peaks. A wide mass range of PBHs can be produced in our model, and the frequencies of the accompanied SIGWs are ranged form nanohertz to kilohertz. We show four benchmark points where the generated PBH masses are around $\mathcal{O}(10^{-16}M_{\odot})$, $\mathcal{O}(10^{-12}M_{\odot})$, $\mathcal{O}(10^{-2}M_{\odot})$ and $\mathcal{O}(10^{2}M_{\odot})$. The PBHs with masses around $\mathcal{O}(10^{-16}M_{\odot})$ and $ \mathcal{O}(10^{-12}M_{\odot})$ can make up almost all the dark matter, and the accompanied SIGWs can be probed by the upcoming space-based gravitational wave observatory. Also, the SIGWs accompanied with the formation of stellar mass PBHs can be used to interpret the stochastic GW background in the nanohertz band, detected by the North American Nanohertz Observatory for gravitational waves, and can be tested by future interferometric gravitational wave observatory.
分类： 物理学 >> 基本粒子与场物理学 提交时间： 2017-08-03
摘要： With the assistance of two extra groups, i.e., an extra hidden gauge group SU(2)D and a global U(1) group, we propose a two component dark matter (DM) model. After the symmetry SU(2)D × U(1) being broken, we obtain both the vector and scalar DM candidates. The two DM candidates communicate with the standard model (SM) via three Higgs as multi-Higgs portals. The three Higgs are mixing states of the SM Higgs, the Higgs of the hidden sector and real part of a supplement complex scalar singlet. We study relic density and direct detection of DM in three scenarios. The resonance behaviors and interplay between the two component DM candidates are represented through investigating of the relic density in the parameter spaces of the two DMs masses. The electroweak precision parameters constrains the two Higgs portals couplings (λm and δ2). The relevant vacuum stability and naturalness problem in the parameter space of λm and δ2 are studied as well. The model could alleviate these two problems in some parameter spaces under the constraints of electroweak precision observables and Higgs indirect search.
分类： 物理学 >> 普通物理:统计和量子力学,量子信息等 提交时间： 2017-09-17
摘要： We embed the flipped SU(5) models into the SO(10) models. After the SO(10) gauge symmetry is broken down to the flipped SU(5)譛(1)X gauge symmetry, we can split the five/one-plets and ten-plets in the spinor 16 and 16 Higgs fields via the stable sliding singlet mechanism. As in the flipped SU(5) models, these ten-plet Higgs fields can break the flipped SU(5) gauge symmetry down to the Standard Model gauge symmetry. The doublet-triplet splitting problem can be solved naturally by the missing partner mechanism, and the Higgsino-exchange mediated proton decay can be suppressed elegantly. Moreover, we show that there exists one pair of the light Higgs doublets for the electroweak gauge symmetry breaking. Because there exist two pairs of additional vector-like particles with similar intermediate-scale masses, the SU(5) and U(1)X gauge couplings can be unified at the GUT scale which is reasonably (about one or two orders) higher than the SU(2)L �SU(3)C unification scale. Furthermore, we briefly discuss the simplest SO(10) model with flipped SU(5) embedding, and point out that it can not work without fine-tuning.
分类： 物理学 >> 普通物理:统计和量子力学,量子信息等 提交时间： 2017-11-10
摘要： We study natural supersymmetry in the Generalized Minimal Supergravity (GmSUGRA).For the parameter space with low energy electroweak fine-tuning measures less than 50, we are left with only the Z-pole, Higgs-pole and Higgsino LSP scenarios for dark matter (DM). We perform the focused scans for such parameter space and find that it satisfies various phenomenological constraints and is compatible with the current direct detection bound on neutralino DM reported by the LUX experiment. Such parameter space also has solutions with correct DM relic density besides the solutions with DM relic density smaller or larger than 5 WMAP9 bounds. We present five benchmark points as examples. In these benchmark points, gluino and the first two generations of squarks are heavier than 2 TeV, stop ˜t1,2 are in the mass range [1, 2] TeV, while sleptons are lighter than 1 TeV. Some part of the parameter space can explain the muon anomalous magnetic moment within 3 as well. We also perform the collider study of such solutions by implementing and comparing with relevant studies done by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations. We find that the points with Higgsino dominant ˜ 02/ ˜ ±1 mass upto 300 GeV are excluded in Z-pole scenario while for Higgs-pole scenario, the points with ˜ 02 mass up to 460 GeV are excluded. We also notice that the Higgsino LSP points in our present scans are beyond the reach of present LHC searches. Next, we show that for both the Z-pole and Higgs-pole scenarios, the points with electroweak fine-tuning measure around 20 do still survive.
分类： 物理学 >> 核物理学 提交时间： 2016-09-22
摘要： Recently, an excess of events in diphoton channel with invariant mass of about 750 GeV has been reported by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations. Considering it as a tantalizing hint for new physics beyond the Standard Model (SM), we propose a simple extension of the SM with an additional doublet Higgs H′ and a singlet s. We consider the neutral component H′0 of H′ as the 750 GeV resonance, and assume that s is lighter than 2.6 GeV. In particular, H′0 can be produced at tree level via qq¯ production, and decay into a pair of s at tree level. And then s can decay into a pair of collimated photons, which cannot be distinguished at the LHC. We show that the diphoton production cross section can be from 3 to 13 fb, the decay width of H′0 can be from 30 to 60 GeV, and all the current experimental constraints including dijet constraint can be satisfied.
分类： 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
Ziyang Yuan
Hongxia Wang
Zhiwei Li
Tao Wang
Hui Wang
Xinchao Huang
Tianjun Li
Ziru Ma
Linfan Zhu
Wei Xu
Yujun Zhang
Yu Chen
Ryo Masuda
Yoshitaka Yoda
Jianmin Yuan
Adriana Pálffy
Xiangjin Kong
摘要： Light-matter interaction is exploited in spectroscopic techniques to access information about molecular, atomic or nuclear constituents of the sample of interest. While scattered light carries both amplitude and phase information of the electromagnetic field, most of the time the latter is lost in intensity measurements. However, often the phase information is paramount to reconstruct the desired information of the target, as it is well known from coherent x-ray imaging. Here we introduce a new phase retrieval algorithm which allows us to reconstruct the field phase information from two-dimensional time- and energy-resolved spectra. We apply this method to the particular case of x-ray scattering off M\"ossbauer nuclei at a synchrotron radiation source. Knowledge of the phase allows also for an excellent reconstruction of the energy spectra from experimental data, which could not be achieved with this resolution otherwise. Our approach provides an efficient novel data analysis tool which will benefit x-ray quantum optics and M\"ossbauer spectroscopy with synchrotron radiation alike.
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