Subjects: Astronomy submitted time 2024-04-12 Cooperative journals: 《天文学报》
Abstract： With the rapid development of astronomical detection technology, there will be a huge torrent of incoming galaxy images in the coming years, making the automatic galaxy morphology classification a challenging task. To solve the problem of feature selection, the low speed and low accuracy of traditional galaxy morphology classification models, a galaxy morphology classification model based on Inception-v3 neural network with SE (Squeeze and Excitation Network) channel attention mechanism is introduced. We select galaxy images from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) for the SE-Inception-v3 model. The test results show that the accuracy of SE-Inception-v3 model is as high as 99.37\%, and the F1 scores of spiral galaxy, completely round smooth galaxy, in-between smooth galaxy, cigar-shaped smooth galaxy and edge-on galaxy are 99.33\%, 99.58\%, 99.33\%, 99.41\% and 99.16\%, respectively. Compared with the MobileNet (Mobile Neural Network) and ResNet (Residual Neural Network) models, the width and depth advantages of SE-Inception-v3 make the classification model have stronger feature extraction capabilities, which provides a new galaxy morphology classification approach for future large-scale sky survey programs.
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2024-04-03 Cooperative journals: 《古脊椎动物学报》
Abstract： Because ancient proteins have a higher preservation potential than ancient DNA, proteomic studies can help shed light on the biology of some extinct biological groups that are beyond the reach of the field of ancient DNA. The oldest peptide discovered so far is part of the protein struthiocalcin (SCA-1) involved in eggshell mineralization and found within an ostrich egg from the Late Miocene Linxia Basin of Northwest China. It was originally hypothesized that SCA-1 was evenly distributed within the eggshell and was able to enter the fossil record for so long, because it was bound to calcite crystals. We conducted histological, scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopic analyses on this same fossil egg to test if any protein or organic matter could be observed within specific regions of the eggshell and indeed bound to calcite crystals. Our results show that the eggshell is made entirely of calcite except at the base layer, which is made of mammillary knobs at least partially made of apatite. These knobs were secondarily phosphatized during diagenesis. After decalcification of this material, the fossilized mammillary knobs showed fibrous residues consistent in location and morphology with remnants of original organic material forming a network. This network was similar to the organic matrix observed in an extant ostrich eggshell with this same method. The results here suggest that SCA-1 may have been concentrated at the mammillary knobs, rather than evenly throughout the eggshell. Phosphatization may be another taphonomic process that favors organic preservation in deeptime. The paleoclimate and taphonomic environment of the Linxia Basin may have provided favorable conditions for the molecular preservation of this egg. More in-depth histochemical and mineralogical analyses will certainly increase our understanding of organic and ancient protein preservation in this basin.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-03-27 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Since the establishment of the first human diploid cell line derived from aborted fetal tissue in the 1960s, human embryoderived cells have been widely used in biomedical field and significantly contributes to improving human health. In recent years, human pluripotent stem cells, including human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), have shown great therapeutic potential in regenerative medicine, and thus received great attention from governments and the public. However, due to various factors such as history, culture, religious beliefs, ethics and morality, research and application involving human embryo-derived cells have been controversial worldwide. This study explores the history and progress of human embryo-derived cells in the field of biomedicine, and analyzes the evolution of regulatory systems in different countries, with the aim of facilitating the improvement of China’s regulatory framework and technical requirements in this field.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-03-27 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： As the fundamental goal of ecological civilization construction in the new era of China, the building of a Beautiful China is an important measure to promote the study of Chinese man-land relationships to a higher level and a new stage of development. This study takes the construction of ecological civilization of Beautiful China as the orientation, and carries on the frame design to the geographical landscape. The geographical landscape takes the elements of geoscience as the research object and makes a series of reasonable outlook about man-land system according to the interaction mechanism of human-land relationship and the influence of important uncertain factors, aiming to establish and maintain the sustainability of regional development. The geographical landscape of ecological civilization construction needs to be designed by elements, stages and regions. One of the important purposes of geographical landscape design of ecological civilization construction is to achieve the spatial balance of regional development. Therefore, its design is an extension of the spatial equilibrium model of regional development. The construction paths of different regional geographic landscapes are different. Each region should design unique construction plan of geographical landscape according to the specific characteristics of its own comprehensive development state. The reference value of United Nations’ SDGs for the geographical landscape design of ecological civilization construction in China is not as good as the relevant index system of advanced countries and regions such as the European Union and the United States, while it is of much significance to select the appropriate benchmark for the scientific and rational design of China’s geographical landscape.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-03-27 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
BAI Xiaoyong
ZHANG Sirui
RAN Chen
WU Luhua
DU Chaochao
DAI Lei
YANG Xingyi
LI Zilin
XUE Yingying
LONG Mingkang
LI Minghui
YANG Shu
LUO Qing
ZHANG Xiaoyun
SHEN Xiaoqian
CHEN Fei
LI Qin
DENG Yuanhong
Hu Zeyin
LI Chaojun
Abstract： The karst areas in southwest China are one of the key but difficult areas targeted in the “Beautiful China” construction initiative, which focuses on soil erosion, proportion of farmland, water pollution, karst drought, ecological restoration, carbon sink, ecological effects of urbanization, rocky desertification management indicators, and biodiversity and sustainability assessment. The study synthesizes the knowledge accumulated during ecological restoration practice in karst areas into 10 problems and solutions that are strong, universal and empirically supported. These problems and solutions help to explain the challenges of achieving sustainability in karst ecology restoration and thus point to solutions. They constitute a core set of principles that can guide scientists and governments in addressing sustainability challenges in karst ecological restoration project.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-03-27 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The demographic reality of a large population and limited land resources in China necessitates the implementation of the world’s most stringent cultivated land protection system. Effective, timely, and accurate monitoring of the status of cultivated land protection red line is essential to ensuring cultivated land protection and food security. The development of cutting-edge technologies such as remote sensing big data, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence has provided new opportunities for cultivated land control and monitoring. This article systematically elaborates on the current research status and challenges in the field of cultivated land protection redline control and monitoring, including the establishment of the monitoring object system, the availability of remote sensing data, the accuracy, and timeliness of monitoring results, and other related issues. It introduces advanced technologies and prospects for big data technology in cultivated land redline monitoring and proposes innovative technical solutions for cultivated land redline monitoring. The article also discusses the challenges faced in achieving this paradigm shift in research and provides corresponding recommendations on the connotations of cultivated land protection, delineation of basic land units, and the construction of monitoring networks for implementing national land spatial planning.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2023-12-04 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Science popularization is not only an activity of the state and society to popularize scientific and technological knowledge, promote scientific spirit, propagate scientific ideas and advocate scientific method, but also an important foundation for achieving innovative development. Based on the in-depth study on General Secretary Xi Jinping important remarks of science and technology innovation and science popularization, and science communication Dialogue Model, this study puts forward a dynamic model of One Body with Two Wings. Combine with Innovation China-Academician Opening Lecture of science popularization practice, this study analyzes the effectiveness and experience of the expert groups represented by the academicians of the two Academies, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering, in participating in the practice of science popularization on different platforms. Summarized the function of One Body and Two Wings theory in guiding and promoting the popularization of science. Finally, some considerations are raised and suggestions are put forward, such as high-quality science popularization product leading science popularization practice and service innovation-driven development.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2023-12-04 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The state key laboratory is an important component of the national strategic scientific and technological strength. The CPC Central Committee made a major decision to reorganize the state key laboratory system, proposed to increase investment in the reorganized state key laboratory, and to reform support policies. Aiming to achieve sci-tech self-reliance and self-strengthening at higher levels, studying the funds allocation of state key laboratory in the new era has important practical and far-reaching significance. In the previous practice, China’s allocation of funds for state key laboratory has 4 problems, such as weak correlation between fund allocation and the mission orientation of institutions, high proportion of competitive funds, and so on. The restructured state key laboratory has 6 characteristics, including clear positioning and mission oriented. In order to solve the problem of adaptation between the previous situation of funding allocation and the characteristics and funding needs of the current state key laboratories after restructuring, learn from the useful experience of allocation of science and technology funding resources in European and American national laboratory system, based on China’s national conditions, 6 targeted measures and suggestions are proposed, including competition ahead, horizontal coordination and vertical coordination to strengthen resource allocation, and so on, for providing reference for science and technology policy formulation and laboratory restructuring.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《知识管理论坛》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] This paper systematically reviews the research results on library crowdsourcing in China, and summarizes the current research situation insufficient. Meanwhile, by putting forward the further research direction, it provides certain reference for relevant research in the future. [Method/ process] Selecting the library crowdsourcing research papers in China as the object, it summarized current research topic through the detailed analysis of these objects’ specific content. [Result/conclusion] This paper reveals that: domestic research in this field is mainly focused on library service works crowdsourcing, information resource construction crowdsourcing, librarian crowdsourcing, practical experience introduction of crowdsourcing in foreign libraries and calm reflection on library crowdsourcing and etc. However, most of these studies are staying in the theoretical stage, and lacking of research on empirical and evaluation of implementation effect as well as comparative research and introduction of failed cases. It is necessary to combine with the above shortcomings to conduct deep discussion and research later on, so as to broaden the research perspective and enrich the research contents.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《知识管理论坛》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] The analysis of thelinked open data provided by the Springer Nature SciGraph platform provides a reference for the domestic publishers to use the linked data to promote the practice of linked open research in the scholarly communication and the semantic publishing, and push forward the further development of the open scientific research movement. [Method/process] This paper analyzed the entity objects, vocabularies and data models of the Springer Nature SciGraph platformin detail. [Result/conclusion] Springer Nature SciGraph represents the data by building its own ontology and using a simpler serialized format N-Triples triple for RDF.As one of the world’s largest publishers, Springer Nature Linked Data will provide some references for other publishers to realize the linked research in the future.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《知识管理论坛》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] This paper systematically combs the common weighting methods of indexes to provide a reference for the relevant staff in determining the reasonable weighting methods for specific evaluation problems. [Method/process] The paper analyzed the fundamental principles, the concrete application cases, the advantages and disadvantages, the application scopes of the common weighting methods. [Result/conclusion] The application scopes of different weighting methods differ from each other. In the evaluation of practical problems, the weighting methods should be selected according to the characteristics of the evaluation object to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of the comprehensive evaluation.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《知识管理论坛》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] The analysis about digital humanities project cooperation platform helps to understand the basis and current status of digital humanities. [Method/process] This paper took the digital humanities project online cooperation platform DHCOMMONS as an example, analyzed the platform in terms of the funding agencies, disciplines, affiliated institutions, cooperation types and types of cooperators to understand the status of the digital humanities cooperation. It also put forward the issues that China should think of in the process of developing similar platforms. [Result/conclusion] Given the situation reflected in the platform, these digital humanities projects belong to a number of institutions and are funded by different organizations. Professionals from various industries participated in the operation of digital humanities projects. Libraries and librarians play important roles in the development of digital humanities projects.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《知识管理论坛》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] With the deepening of Altmetrics’ research, the analysis of its development trend will help researchers to study the research progress and hot contents, and provide some references for the future research. [Method/process] This paper chose CNKI database as the data source, and usedthe bibliometric method and the visualization method to analyze the domestic Altmetrics research from three aspects: research overview, literature coherence and research content. [Result/conclusion] ① Domestic Altmetrics research is shifting from theoretical research to empirical research, with a good momentum of development; ② scientific research cooperation is one of the important features of Altmetrics research. The distribution of disciplines is centered on library science and information science, with publishing, medicine and scientific research management as the edges of this structure. ③ The development of the Altmetrics tools and resource platforms embedded in the mechanism in the domestic environment, the reconstruction of the scientific communication process from the perspective of Altmetrics, the integration of traditional evaluation and communication-process-based evaluation will be Altmetrics’ future research trends.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《知识管理论坛》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] A detailed comparison of the mapping between the Cooperative Patent Classification System (CPC) and the International Patent Classification System (IPC) is intended to provide references for the use of CPC and IPC for patent classification. [Method/process] This paper made a detailed mapping number analysis between CPC and IPC in terms of the class, subclass, group and subgroup on their common A-H sections. [Result/conclusion] The classification principle between the Cooperative Patent Classification System (CPC) and the International Patent Classification System (IPC) is basically consistent and CPC is more subdivided than the IPC. The “2000 series (indexing)” and the Y section of the new technology are added, showing CPC’s high extensibility. We believe that as a strong compatibility and high degree classification system, CPC will become an efficient tool to improve the efficiency of retrieval and optimize the review quality.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《知识管理论坛》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Through an analysis of SMR investigatory apparatus business and its operation mechanism, this paper discusses the development model of the investigation organ, the South Manchuria Railway think tank, and reveals the militarism influence on the early Japanese think tank development. [Method/process] This paper combed the SMR’s important survey agencies development pattern by the case study and literature survey and also discussed the key mechanism of operation system and organization characteristics. The evaluation of reports directed by the SMR provided references. [Result/ conclusion] The SMR, as a colonial and aggressive policy tool, its surveys were done for the government and military authorities. With independent sources of information, the use of network intelligence structure and the combination of resident literature collection with field investigation, the collection of professional analysis personnel, the SMR investigation organization completes the decision-making through the scientific method and has reference value.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《知识管理论坛》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Technology convergence is a significant means of technological innovation, plays an important role in economic and social development, and has gradually become an important part of the national science and technology strategy. [Method/process] On the base of the summary of its concept and the clarification of its significance of technology convergence study, the paper pointed out its research stages, and made comparative analysis of the methods in data collection, technosphere identification and convergence analysis. [Result/conclusion] Finally, it concludes the shortages of existing studies and the further research directions, which can deepen the study on technology convergence.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《知识管理论坛》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) is one of the most important channels to support basic research in China. Competition for funding by the NSFC has been a very important indicator to measure the basic research level of various province and scientific research institutions. [Method/process] By combing and analyzing the status quo of NSFC in medical science, it is helpful to narrow the provincial gap and improve the basic research of medical science in China. Based on the project information of NSFC and previous scholars’ research, the paper update the index of basic research competitiveness, and analyzes project number and project funding of medical science during 2006-2016. At the same time, the competitiveness of medical science basic research and its changing trend in 31 provinces of China are analyzed. [Result/conclusion] The result shows that, in recent years, China’s basic scientific research has greatly improved, but there is a large gap between the provinces.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《知识管理论坛》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Digital Curation (DC) is an important part of research data management in e-Science environment. By systematically combing the research progress and proposing some issues worthy of further studying, this paper aims to provide a basis and reference for national research data management research. [Method/process] Documents relevant to data curation were retrieved from Web of Science database. With CiteSpace Ⅲ software based on the document co-citation analysis method, this paper drew the knowledge map of international digital curation. In terms of research-based subject distribution, research institutions, researchers and knowledge of the four dimensions, the related contents were analyzed and summarized with the content analysis method. [Result/conclusion] International digital curation research began in 2000. Now it has entered a mature period, with a specific research disciplines, institutions and groups. The research’s knowledge base is data description, integration and association, data maintenance in the scientific research process and value-added activities, data management stakeholders and service innovation models of library services.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《知识管理论坛》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Emergency information management is an interdisciplinary field of emergency management and information management. Summarizing the major research output is helpful to strengthen the effective utilization of information resources in emergency management research, and to provide references for the follow-up development and practical exploration of emergency information management research. [Method/process] By retrieving concerned literature from CNKI, this paper used the bibliometric and co-word clustering analysis methods to analyze the domestic emergency management research output. [Result/conclusion] Domestic emergency information management research mainly focuses on five hot topics: disaster emergency information management, crisis information disclosure, emergency information management system, emergency response, wisdom emergency management. China should strengthen the emergency management information base for future theoretical research, and build the emergency information management theoretical framework.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《知识管理论坛》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] By analyzing the research status of the academic life cycle, this paper analyzes problems and omissions in the current research, and puts forward the improvement direction and research points. [Method/process] After analyzing the feature and influence factors of the academic life cycle, this paper referred to the characteristics of the current research. [Result/conclusion] There are existing problems. First, the current research takes the qualitative analysis, lacking enough quantitative analysis. Second, it only takes the long term and single factor into consideration. Third, the current research ignores the difference among subjects. Last, there are bias and limitations during the sample selecting. This paper offers advice for the country, institutes and researchers by getting the law of researchers’ career, which comes from the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods with data analyses with the consideration of the difference of disciplines and the scientific research group.
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