Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is a set of neurodevelopmental disorders, which is mainly characterized by social dysfunction. ASD includes autism, Asperger's syndrome and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified. ASD prediction researches mainly focus on the fields of neurophysiology, genetics and psychology. In the studies of psychology, the use of eye movement technology makes not only the measurement more accurate and subtle, the process more rigorous, but also the predictive relationship more reliable. Nowadays, the eye movement prediction studies focus on fixation duration, first fixation point and saccadic reaction time. These studies have shown that ASD can be predicted by certain aspects: the short time fixation duration of the face and eyes, the decrease of fixation duration of eyes with age growing, the short gaze following time, the long time fixation duration of the repetitive physical stimulation, the visual search advantage, and the difficulty of the attentional disengagement. The future studies should reinforce the longitudinal study of the predictive function of the eye movement, increasing the predictive distinction between ASD and other development disorders, controlling the effects of visual reception on the eye movement and establishing the comprehensive predictive system.
Subjects: Psychology >> Personality Psychology submitted time 2019-10-15
Abstract： Poverty remains one of the most pressing and vexing issues facing the world today. Although progress has been made in alleviating poverty in China, more efforts are needed to manage the intractable generations that have been affected by poverty. Endogenous power is the core psychological resource for low-income individuals to move out of poverty. However, there is a lack of a research framework for the endogenous power of poverty elimination in the Chinese context, which may result in a scarcity of relevant empirical research and the neglect of psychological factors in the formulation of poverty alleviation policies. This study deploys qualitative research methods to explore the psychological structure and key influencing factors of endogenous power of generations of low-income individuals with a goal of providing proposals on psychologically targeted poverty alleviation. The researchers utilized an intensity sampling method to obtain study participants, and grounded theory, based on in-depth interviews, was adopted as research methodology. Participants comprised individuals who had successfully (seven people) or unsuccessfully (ten people) pulled themselves out of poverty as well as poverty alleviation cadres (four cadres) from a deeply impoverished village on Hainan Island. This study attempts to construct an integral endogenous power depletion model for intergenerational poverty from the perspectives of endogenous power for poverty elimination and the integration of endogenous and exogenous driving forces. The study followed the standard procedure of grounded theory, and we analyzed the data with Nvivo 11.0. Based on grounded theory, preliminary analysis, generic analysis, and theoretical construction of the collected data were conducted. Inspections of the participants and non-participants were used to verify the research results’ validity. The findings of the study fall into three categories. First, the “Three-factor Onion Model” with negative values, negative self-concept, and the behavioral tendencies of passive anti-poverty as the core factors was found to be the endogenous driving force of generations of low-income individuals. Second, perceived control loss as a psychosocial driving force is an important cause of the lack of endogenous power among those poverty-stricken people for generations, and the combination of a lack of market rationality and campaign-style poverty alleviation are external causes of perceived control loss. Third, under the influence of the construction of inner capacities, parenting capabilities become an important internal driving force, as they take an intermediate role during the promotion of endogenous powers to their offspring and help cultivate positive psychological resources for the family. This paper attempts to place the internal psychological factors and external key factors that lead to generational poverty into a holistic research framework. Although some enlightening views have been obtained, the results are constrained by the complexity of the theme and the limitations of the data, and only a general exploration could be made. In the future, quantitative research methods may be adopted to verify the accuracy of the Internal Motivation Depletion Model for intergenerational poverty. "
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