Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Sleep problems have a significant impact on the development of preschool children's behavior, cognition, language and health, with language development being of particular concern The current paper is intended to sort out the relationship between preschool children’s sleep problems and language impairment from four perspectives: whether there is a close relationship between sleep problems and language impairment, how sleep problems affect language development, what factors influence the relationship between sleep problems and language impairment, and whether the intervention of sleep problems is effective in improving the language ability of preschool children. First, is there a close relationship between sleep problems and language impairment in preschool children? By reviewing the existing literature both at home and abroad, it is found that sleep problem is a potential factor affecting language impairment in preschool children. On the one hand, the incidence of sleep problems such as difficulty in falling asleep, lack of sleep and sleep disordered breathing in preschool children with language impairment is higher than that in normal children. On the other hand, longer sleep latency, shorter nighttime sleep and the lower sleep efficiency are closely related to more serious communication impairment, less receptive vocabulary and poorer oral expression ability of preschool children with language impairment. Secondly, how do sleep problems affect the language development of preschool children? Drawing upon the existing literature, the paper sorted out three hypotheses on the internal mechanism of sleep problems affecting language development: the sleep dependent memory consolidation hypothesis, the alertness hypothesis and the synaptic homeostasis hypothesis. These three hypotheses demonstrate how sleep problems affect language development from the perspectives of cognitive, physiological and neural mechanisms. Although self-justifying rationale is found in each hypothesis, their explanatory power and scope of application are to some extent challenged in practice. Thirdly, what factors affect the relationship between sleep problems and language disorders in preschool children? Based on the literature review, the paper finds that the relationship between sleep problems and language impairment in preschool children is affected by the severity of sleep problems, family factors, sociocultural factors, and age factors in particular. Finally, is sleep problem intervention effective in improving language impairment in preschool children? Previous studies have shown that behavioral intervention, drug treatment, surgical treatment and play-based intervention help improve the language ability of preschool children. However, it has not been testified why these sleep problem interventions are effective in promoting children's language development. Therefore, previous intervention studies only serve to explain the close correlation between preschool children's sleep problems and language impairment from another perspective, but fail to determine the causal relationship between them. In short, the previous studies both at home and abroad have explored the relationship between sleep problems and language impairment in preschool children. However, the relationship between preschool children's sleep problems and language impairment has not been determined. Many unsolved problems need to be further explored. Future research is expected to provide further insight into the internal mechanism underlying the correlation between sleep problems and language impairment, to facilitate the understanding of the relationship between sleep problems and language ability of children of different ages, and to explore effective game intervention methods in the context of inclusive education.
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2021-11-08
Abstract： Sleep is an important guarantee for the healthy development of individual body and mind. Sleep problem in early childhood may have negative effect on children's behavior, cognition, language and health. Studies have shown that sleep problems such as sleep-disordered breathing, lack of sleep and difficulty in falling asleep have potential threat influence on language impairment in preschool children. Scholars have proposed sleep-dependent memory consolidation hypothesis, vigilance hypothesis and synaptic homeostasis hypothesis to explain the internal mechanism of sleep problems affecting preschool children's language development. These results provide a new idea for the early intervention of language impairment, that is, interventions such as behavior intervention, drug treatment, surgical treatment and play-based intervention can be used to improve preschool children’s language ability. Future research is expected to provide further insight into the internal mechanism underlying the correlation between sleep problems and language impairment, to facilitate the understanding of the relationship between sleep problems and language ability of children of different ages, and to explore effective game intervention methods in the context of inclusive education.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2019-06-15
Abstract： The positive-negative valence of emotion affecting hand movements toward or away from the body is known as the approach-avoidance effect. Previous studies have shown that the positive images elicit quicker reaction on approach movement while negative images are sensitive to the avoidance. However, few studies have focused on how emotion affects the complete process of the movement. In current research, the effects of valence, arousal and appraisal of emotion on the dragging movement were investigated. A push-pull task was performed on a touch screen to evaluate the ramifications which emotion holds for hand movement. Twenty-four right-handed participants volunteered in Experiments 1 and 2, and fifteen of these participants continued Experiment 3 two months later. In Experiments 1 and 3, emotional pictures with half positive and half negative valences included equal numbers of high-, medium- and low- arousal images. Participants were required to drag pictures upward or downward with their index finger. Experiment 1 and 3 differed in that only in Experiment 1 did the participants evaluate the valence of pictures. Neutral pictures as well as grey blank images were exploited in Experiment 2 to rule out the effects of other factors. Repeated-measured ANOVA and Paired t-tests were carried out. The results illustrate that (1) approaching (pulling) the positive pictures or avoiding (pushing) the negative ones yields faster dragging movement; (2) compared to medium and low arousal, high arousal enhances the emotional effect, especially in negative condition; (3) the emotional effect diminishes when participants did not evaluate the valence of images, and when neutral images (e.g., furnitures) and grey blank images were displayed. In conclusion, this study indicates that the emotion does not only affect the reaction time of approach-avoidance movement, but also affects the latter hand movement. In addition, arousal and appraisal play an important role in this effect. This result suggests that the effects of emotion on the dragging movement might happen at the early stage and thus both movement programming and motor control are influenced by emotions. "
Subjects: Computer Science >> Computer Hardware Technology submitted time 2017-03-10
Abstract：本文报道了我们在 CPU/ATI GPU 混合体系结构上优化双精度矩阵乘法（DGEMM）的工作。在真 实应用中， CPU 与图形处理器（GPU）之间的数据传输是影响性能的关键因素。由于软件流水可以降低 数据传输开销，我们提出了三种软件流水算法，分别是双缓存（Double Buffering）、数据重用（Data Reuse） 和数据存储优化（Data Placement）。在 AMD 公司的图形处理器（GPU）ATI HD5970 上，优化后 DGEMM 性能达到 758 GFLOP/s，对应效率为 82%，是 ACML-GPU v1.1 性能的两倍。在 Intel Westmere EP 和 ATI HD5970 组成的异构系统上，性能达到 844 GFLOP/s，效率为 80%。我们进一步考察了多个 CPU 和多个 GPU 上 DGEMM 的扩展性，详细分析了体系结构方面的影响因素。分析表明，PCIe 总线和内存总线的竞争是异 构系统上程序性能降低的重要影响因素。
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Computer Science >> Computer Application Technology submitted time 2016-11-15
Abstract：稀疏矩阵向量乘法是科学和工程领域中重要的核心子程序之一，也是稀疏BLAS（Basic Linear AlgebraSubprograms，基本线性代数子程序）库的重要组成。本文提出一个稀疏矩阵向量乘法的自动调优器SMAT。对于一个给定的稀疏矩阵，SMAT 可以选择并返回最优的存储格式。我们使用佛罗里达大学的2316 个稀疏矩阵作为测试集，SMAT 获得性能达到所选格式最好性能96%以上。SMAT 在Intel X5680 平台上的预测准确率为89.34% （单精度）和 86.18%（双精度），在AMD Opteron 6168 平台上准确率达到了85.10%（单精度）和82.09%（双精度）。同时，SMAT 的在线搜索时间在需要调用上百次稀疏矩阵向量乘法的应用中是可以接受的。
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2016-11-09 Cooperative journals: 《中国腐蚀与防护学报》
Abstract：针对错银铜器的青铜－银电偶腐蚀问题，采用十八硫醇(ODT)的乙醇溶液在青铜和银表面制备了自组装膜（SAMs）。通过测量青铜－银的电偶对电流，研究了自组装前后的电偶腐蚀性能，并且采用X光电子能谱（XPS）、Tafel极化曲线法和微分电容法初步研究了ODT SAMs的作用机理。结果表明：ODT分子通过硫原子与基体形成硫醇盐，吸附在青铜和银表面形成自组装膜，该自组装膜在3.5%NaCl溶液中具有良好的电化学稳定性，能够有效抑制青铜和银之间的电偶腐蚀，属于混和抑制型缓蚀剂。
Subjects: Computer Science >> Computer Software submitted time 2016-06-08
Abstract：本文报道了我们在CPU/ATI GPU 混合体系结构上优化双精度矩阵乘法（DGEMM）的工作。在真实应用中， CPU 与图形处理器（GPU）之间的数据传输是影响性能的关键因素。由于软件流水可以降低数据传输开销，我们提出了三种软件流水算法，分别是双缓存（Double Buffering）、数据重用（Data Reuse）和数据存储优化（Data Placement）。在AMD 公司的图形处理器（GPU）ATI HD5970 上，优化后DGEMM性能达到758 GFLOP/s，对应效率为82%，是ACML-GPU v1.1 性能的两倍。在Intel Westmere EP 和ATIHD5970 组成的异构系统上，性能达到844 GFLOP/s，效率为80%。我们进一步考察了多个CPU 和多个GPU上DGEMM 的扩展性，详细分析了体系结构方面的影响因素。分析表明，PCIe 总线和内存总线的竞争是异构系统上程序性能降低的重要影响因素。
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
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