分类: 生物学 >> 植物学 提交时间: 2018-01-13
摘要: To assess the water use of a clumped bamboo species, we investigated water use, physiological responses, and structural changes related to culm aging in the clumped bamboo species Bambusa chungii. Anisohydric behavior was characterized by the changed leaf water potential (ΨL), constant stomatal conductance (gs), and the low stomatal sensitivity (–m) in the young (0.52) and mature groups as well as the aged group (0.41). Intercellular CO2 (Ci) was negatively related to gs, especially during the dry season (R2 = 0.62). Hydraulic conductivity (ks) decreased by 57.9% and 58.8% in the mature and aged groups. This was accompanied by a leaf area (AL) that decreased by 55.7% and 63.7% and water transport path (h) that shortened by 8.5% and 23.3% to maintain the hydraulic safety. The photosynthetic rate (An) was similar among the three age groups even during the dry season when water deficits occurred. This might be due to compensation by increased chlorophyll content (5.3% greater for the mature group) and stomata density (7.4% and 8.1% greater for the mature and aged groups). Physiological and structural regulation contributes to reproductive success for B. chungii.
分类: 生物学 >> 生物物理学 提交时间: 2016-05-12
摘要: The self-assembly of nanoparticles into larger superstructures is a powerful strategy to develop novel functional nanomaterials, as these superstructures display collective properties that are different to those displayed by individual nanoparticles or bulk samples. However, there are increasing bottlenecks in terms of size control and multifunctionalization of nanoparticle assemblies. In this study, we developed a self-assembly strategy for construction of multifunctional nanoparticle assemblies of tunable size, through rational regulation of the number of self-assembling interaction sites on each nanoparticle. As proof-of-principle, a size-controlled enzyme nanocomposite (ENC) was constructed by self-assembly of streptavidin-labeled horseradish peroxidase (SA-HRP) and autobiotinylated ferritin nanoparticles (bFNP). Our ENC integrates a large number of enzyme molecules, together with a streptavidin-coated surface, allowing for a drastic increase in enzymatic signal when the SA is bound to a biotinylated target molecule. As result, a 10000-fold increase in sensitivity over conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) methods was achieved in a cardiac troponin immunoassay. Our method presented here should provide a feasible approach for constructing elaborate multifunctional superstructures of tunable size useful for a broad range of biomedical applications.