Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： It seems that it is an innate ability for an individual to recognize identity from voice, but some individuals have lost this ability, which is named phonagnosia. Phonagnosia refers to the presence of specific processing impairment for voice identity, while the cognitive processing ability of other voice information (such as gender, age and emotion) and face information is largely preserved. At present, it can be classified from two perspectives. On the one hand, from the perspective of brain injury of with or without, it can be divided into acquired phonagnosia with brain injury and developmental phonagnosia without brain injury; On the other hand, from the perspective of different stages of voice identity processing, it can be divided into apperceptive and associative phonagnosia. Firstly, the brain mechanism of acquired phonagnosia is mainly related to the structural and functional damage of the right inferior parietal lobe, right temporal voice areas, right temporal lobe and frontal lobe; Secondly, acquired associative phonagnosia is associated with brain damage in right subcortical, lenticular, caudate nuclei, and right temporal pole; Thirdly, developmental apperceptive phonagnosia is related to the injury of brain regions such as the Heschl’s gyrus and planum temporale; Fourthly, developmental associative phonagnosia is associated with decreased connections between the voice core system of the right middle or inferior temporal gyrus and the extended system located in the lateral part of the amygdala. In research prospects, Firstly, in terms of phonagnosia and filter, besides considering the challenges brought by different language backgrounds, we should pay more attention to the essence of phonagnosia, that is, the individual has defects in multiple stages of voice identity processing, including voice perception ability, voice familiarity judgment ability and semantic association ability; Secondly, As far as the scope of phonagnosia is concerned, future research should combine a variety of cognitive disorders, and use brain imaging technology and design experimental paradigms to separate these cognitive processing disorders, so as to clearly define voice agnosia and other mental disorders; Thirdly, as far as phonagnosia and cultural differences are concerned, on the one hand, the filtering phonagnosia is mostly due to the obstacles in the identity of familiar voice. However, due to different cultural backgrounds, there are differences in self-construction; Therefore, individuals in eastern and Western cultures are likely to be separated in the process of being familiar with the voice; Fourthly, in terms of phonagnosia and hearing conditions, future research can increase the difficulty of hearing conditions, which will make the healthy individuals appear the phenomenon of phonagnosia. At the same time, the behavior performance and corresponding brain area of the patients with phonagnosia can be compared with healthy individuals.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany submitted time 2022-12-01 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：
In order to obtain the optimal conditions for the protoplast preparation of Pleurotus giganteus, two strains, PG46 and PG79, with different temperature types, were selected as materials to study the effects of five factors (mycelial age, osmotic stabilizer type, lywallzyme concentration, enzymatic hydrolysis duration and enzymatic hydrolysis temperature) based on single-factor and orthogonal experimental methods. The results were as follows: (1) In the single factor test, the optimal conditions for the protoplast preparation of P. giganteus were mycelial culture for 5 days, using 2.5% lywallzyme with 0.6 mol·L-1 mannitol, incubated for 4 h at 32 ℃ (PG46) or 27-35 ℃ (PG79). (2) Orthogonal experiment verified and optimized the single factor test results. Combination 2 (mycelial age 5 d, lywallzyme concentration 2.5%, 0.6 mol·L-1 mannitol, incubated for 4 h at 32 ℃) was the optimal condition for the protoplast preparation of PG46 and PG79, and the protoplast yields were 11.2 × 106 CFU·mL-1 and 7.28 × 106 CFU·mL-1, respectively. (3) For F-test, the influence degree of various factor on the protoplast preparation were as follows: mycelial age>lywallzyme concentration>enzymatic hydrolysis temperature>enzymatic hydrolysis duration (PG46), and mycelial age>enzymatic hydrolysis duration>enzymatic hydrolysis temperature>lywallzyme concentration (PG79), respectively. In conclusion, the protoplast preparation conditions of the two P. giganteus strains with different temperature types were basically the same, and the effects of mycelial age on the protoplasts yield of the two strains was the most significant. The results can lay a foundation for further cross-breeding, genetic transformation, whole genome sequencing and promote the molecular genetics development of P. giganteus.
Subjects: Psychology >> History of Psychology submitted time 2020-11-04
Abstract： Human voice recognition is critical for many aspects of social communication. Most people can recognize identity from the voice, but people with phonagnosia seem to have lost this ability. By definition, it means the deficits occurring at different stages of the processing of voice identity. It includes acquired phonagnosia developmental phonagnosia and its subtypes. Acquired phonagnosia patients’ damaged brain regions mainly include the temporal lobe, Heschl's gyrus and temporal pole. Developmental phonagnosia is associated with atypical responses in the right posterior superior temporal sulcus and dysfunction in the functional connectivity between the temporal lobe and the amygdala. Future research can focus on screening methods, scoping and cultural differences for phonagnosia.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-25 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究富硒酵母和枯草芽孢杆菌对湖羊断奶羔羊小肠黏膜形态和直肠菌群的影响。选取体况良好、体重为（9.65±0.38） kg的湖羊断奶羔羊21只，随机分为3组，即对照组、富硒酵母组和枯草芽孢杆菌组，每组7只羊。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组富硒酵母和枯草芽孢杆菌制剂按照100 g/t的比例在精料中添加。试验期为28 d。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，富硒酵母组和枯草芽孢杆菌组的十二指肠、空肠、回肠的绒毛高度显著提高（P<0.05），十二指肠和回肠的隐窝深度显著降低（P<0.05），空肠的隐窝深度极显著降低（P<0.01），十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高和隐窝深度比值（V/C）极显著提高（P<0.01），回肠V/C显著提高（P<0.05）。2）富硒酵母和枯草芽孢杆菌的添加影响了湖羊羔羊直肠菌群的α多样性，使得直肠菌群在纲、目、科、属、种水平上呈现不同的丰度差异。综上得出，在饲粮中添加富硒酵母和枯草芽孢杆菌能够促进湖羊羔羊小肠各段的发育，增加直肠有益菌群的丰度，降低有害菌群的增殖。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-25 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（deoxynivalenol，DON）暴露对体外培养的仔猪海马神经细胞中神经递质、脂质过氧化及钙稳态的影响，探讨DON的神经毒性作用。以不同质量浓度的DON（0、125、250、500、1 000和2 000 ng/mL）处理仔猪海马神经细胞24 h后，检测细胞中5羟色胺（5-HT）、多巴胺（DA）、乙酰胆碱（ACH）、γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）、去甲肾上腺素（NE）含量，总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性和一氧化氮（NO）、丙二醛（MDA）含量，钙离子（Ca2+）、钙调蛋白（CaM）含量以及CaM mRNA相对表达量。结果表明：与对照组相比，1）当DON浓度为1 000 ng/mL时，5-HT、DA、ACH含量显著升高（P<0.05），GABA含量极显著升高（P<0.01），而NE含量显著降低（P<0.05）；当DON浓度为2 000 ng/mL时，5-HT、DA、ACH含量极显著升高（P<0.01）。2）当DON浓度为250 ng/mL时，SOD活性和T-AOC极显著降低（P<0.01）；当DON浓度为1 000 ng/mL时，GSH-Px活性显著降低（P<0.05），NO含量极显著降低（P<0.01），而MDA含量极显著升高（P<0.01）；当DON浓度为2 000 ng/mL时，CAT活性显著降低（P<0.05），GSH-Px活性极显著降低（P<0.01）。3）当DON浓度为125 ng/mL时，CaM含量极显著升高（P<0.01）；当DON浓度为250 ng/mL及以上时，Ca2+含量和CAM mRNA相对表达量极显著升高（P<0.01）。综上，DON暴露可改变仔猪海马神经细胞神经递质的分泌及脂质过氧化，并影响钙稳态，对仔猪海马神经细胞具有一定的神经毒性作用。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究富硒酵母和枯草芽孢杆菌对湖羊断奶羔羊生长性能、血清指标、养分表观消化率、胰腺消化酶活性和瘤胃发酵参数的影响。选取体况良好、体重为（9.65±0.38） kg的湖羊断奶羔羊21只随机分为3组，即对照组、富硒酵母组（在精料中添加100 g/t富硒酵母）和枯草芽孢杆菌组（在精料中添加100 g/t枯草芽孢杆菌），每组7只。试验期为28 d。结果表明，与对照组相比：1）富硒酵母组和枯草芽孢杆菌组的羔羊末重、平均日增重显著或极显著提高（P<0.05或P<0.01），精料和粗料的料重比显著或极显著降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）。2)富硒酵母组和枯草芽孢杆菌组血清中免疫球蛋白A、免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白M、白细胞介素6含量及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著或极显著提高（P<0.05或P<0.01）；富硒酵母组血清中丙二醛含量显著降低（P<0.05），血清白细胞介素1含量、超氧化物歧化酶活性显著或极显著提高（P<0.05或P<0.01）；枯草芽孢杆菌组的白细胞介素2、γ干扰素含量显著或极显著提高（P<0.05或P<0.01）。3)富硒酵母组和枯草芽孢杆菌组的干物质、粗蛋白质、酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维的表观消化率显著或极显著提高（P<0.05或P<0.01），枯草芽孢杆菌组的粗脂肪的表观消化率显著提高（P<0.05）。4)枯草芽孢杆菌组胰腺脂肪酶和富硒酵母组胰腺胰蛋白酶显著提高（P<0.05）。5)富硒酵母组和枯草芽孢杆菌组羔羊瘤胃液氨态氮、乙酸、丙酸、异丁酸、正丁酸含量均显著提高（P<0.05）。结果证实，在湖羊断奶羔羊饲粮中添加富硒酵母和枯草芽孢杆菌可以提高羔羊生长性能和抗氧化能力，改善免疫力和消化功能。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究高脂血症奶牛乳腺组织中脂代谢相关生化指标和基因表达的变化。选取12头荷斯坦奶牛，采用全自动生化分析仪测定奶牛血清中主要生化指标，根据血清中甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇(TC)的含量是否升高将奶牛分为正常组和高脂组。取奶牛乳腺组织制作病理切片及油红O染色，观察乳腺组织病理形态学变化和脂滴蓄积情况。提取乳腺组织总RNA，应用实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）法检测乳腺组织脂代谢相关基因的相对表达量。结果表明：1）高脂组奶牛乳腺组织中脂代谢指标TC、TG、极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）的含量显著升高（P0.05）。2）病理学观察可见高脂组奶牛乳腺腺泡上皮细胞脱落，乳腺腺泡壁明显增厚，细胞肿胀，部分细胞脂滴增多，细胞核染色质浓缩、边移、细胞轮廓不清。油红O染色可见正常组奶牛乳腺组织细胞核明显呈蓝色，红色区域较少，主要集中在细胞边缘，仅有少量脂滴聚集，而高脂组奶牛乳腺组织有大片红色区域，小叶间结缔组织密度增加，乳腺上皮可见脂滴相互融合形成大的空泡状脂肪细胞。3）与正常组相比，高脂组奶牛乳腺脂代谢内源合成关键酶基因乙酰辅酶A羧化酶（ACC1）以及活化相关基因乙酰辅酶A合成酶2（ACSS2）、长链脂酰辅酶A合成酶1（ACSL1）的相对表达量显著升高（P<0.05），摄取和转运关键基因脂肪酸结合蛋白3（FABP3）、分化抗原簇36（CD36）、脂蛋白脂肪酶（LPL），去饱和酶关键基因硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶（SCD）、脂肪酸去饱和酶1（FADS1）以及乳酯化关键基因乙酰甘油磷酸脂酰转移酶6（AGPAT6）的相对表达量显著降低（P<0.05）。综上所述，高脂血症促使奶牛血脂水平升高，引起乳腺组织出现明显的病理变化，同时，乳腺脂代谢相关基因表达发生明显变化。
Subjects: Computer Science >> Integration Theory of Computer Science submitted time 2018-08-13 Cooperative journals: 《计算机应用研究》
Abstract： In order to avoid the problem of sorting in color image filtering, this paper defines and proposes a multivariate filter method for color image based on the study of vector similarity. Firstly, in RGB color space, the similarity measure between the color vectors is defined by the distance and the angle to describe the color vector similarity consistent with the human visual perception. Secondly, using the color similarity criterion, the color multivariate filter is designed and constructed, and the influence of the related parameters on the filtering performance is analyzed and studied in depth. Finally, in order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, it is applied to the actual remote sensing image filtering. It can be seen from the experiment that the proposed method not only effectively solves the problem of sorting the traditional filtering methods, but also overcomes the problems of blurring the image and unclear edges due to the filtering. In addition, compared with the results of other traditional methods, the results show that it not only can effectively filter all kinds of noise, but also maintains the original image information better, making the image information clear and fidelity. The visual effect of this filtering method is superior to the traditional, its objective evaluation index also has greatly improved.
Subjects: Computer Science >> Integration Theory of Computer Science submitted time 2018-05-20 Cooperative journals: 《计算机应用研究》
Abstract： To extend the mathematical morphology for grayscale image to its alterative for color image, a color mathematical morphology based on fuzzy similarity defined on RGB color vector space is proposed in this paper. Firstly, in RGB color space, the fuzzy similarity measure, which is consistent with the human visual perception, is defined by using the distance and angle between two vectors to describe the similarity degree between the two colors. The upper and lower bound functions in a collection of colors from in RGB color space are defined by their similarity measures. The basic operations of the color mathematical morphology are formulated by using the upper and lower bounds for a any pixel and its neighbor pixels within the structural unit centered the pixel, including dilation, erosion, opening and closing operations. The proposed color morphological operations are applied to the high resolution remote sensing images, and the deformation and smoothing ability to objects are verified by comparing experiment, and its practicability and validity are explained.
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-10 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：奶牛酮病是围产期奶牛常见的营养代谢性疾病，给奶牛业造成了腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶信号转导通路在奶牛酮病发生和发展过程中的调控机制 巨大的损失。奶牛酮病发生时，相关的能量代谢激素也发生了明显的变化，主要是胰高血糖素和胰岛素。腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶被认为是机体的能量感受器，一些能量代谢激素可以引起其活性的变化。本文就胰高血糖素和胰岛素对腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶信号转导通路发生作用机制做一论述，旨在为下一步研究奶牛酮病提供理论支持。
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