Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Plant Protection submitted time 2018-07-18 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： In this study, 42 species of Lycium barbarum L. were used as experimental materials. Based on the evaluation of the morphological indexes of the 16 traits of their floral organs, The polymorphisms of morphological differences of Lycium barbarum L. were studied usingone-wayANOVA, principalcomponentanalysisand clusteranalysis.The results of the study showed that the morphological indicators of the same flower organ of Lycium barbarumL. werenot significantlydifferent(P<0.05)atdifferenttimes.(Thespecifictime is July, August and September of 2017.) The principal component analysis suggested that 6 traits are crucial to the identification of L. barbarum cultivars, including Petal edge color, coloroffrontandback ofthepetal,petalshape, colorof backofpetal,colorofFlowerthroat, Pistil and stamen location, The cumulative contribution rate of these floral traits reached 84.791%,That is the difference in Lycium barbarum L. flower department is mainly reflected in these 6 traits. The results of cluster analysis showed that 42 strains of Lycium barbarum L.could be divided into 6 categories at an Euclidean distance of 7.5, classification results are consistent with the observed floral traits. Through this study, it was clarified that the flower organ morphology of The same strain Lycium barbarum L. exhibits certain stability at different times, which could be used as one of the distinguishing indicators for distinguish different seed quality in Lycium barbarum L.; At the same time, six main components were selected to reflect the differences in flower organ morphology of Lycium barbarum L. and divided 42 species of Lycium barbarum L. into six categories.. Initially established morphological identification methods within and between Lycium barbarum L. seed strains, which provides the basic information for the floral Morphological research and Varijiety Identification of about the cultivars of L. barbarum, it also has certain reference value for practicalproduction.
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Plant Protection submitted time 2018-07-18 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Open-top chambers (OTCs) is one of the main methods to study the relationship between global climate change and terrestrial ecosystem and has been widely used in the Tibetan plateau. Recent advancement in research on the responses of grassland ecosystems to climate warming by using OTCs is reviewed, which covers the areas of plant phenology, community structure biomass, and soil characteristics. The results show that warming extended the growth season was due to advanced the timings of green-up and delayed yellow period. Warming would benefit the growth of gramineous plants. Warming made the biomass allocation transferred to the deeper soil layer to adjust the drying conditions. The response of the alpine grassland ecosystems to climate change is uncertain, which is influenced by region, community type and experimental time. The change of soil moisture caused by rainfall and permafrost melts regulated the response of ecosystem to warming by regulating the temperature sensitivity of phenology, NPP and soil under warming. Based on the discussions, several aspects of future research should be put forward.
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Plant Protection submitted time 2018-07-18 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Seeds of Angelica sinensis were planted in a matrix containing different proportions of attapulgite clay (the volume ratio ofattapulgiteclay and matrix was 0/1, 1/100, 1/70,1/50,1/20)to study thephysiological effects ofCu stress onA. sinensis seedlings and the protective effect of attapulgite clay on A. sinensis seedlings under CuCl2 stress. The result showed (1): With the increase of exogenous CuCl2 concentration, the Y(II) (PSII operation efficiency), ETR (Rate non-cyclic electron transport through PSII ), qP (Photochemical quenching), and chlorophyll content of leaves of A. sinensis seedlings decreased, while the qN (Non-photochemical quenching), soluble protein content, activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT, and APX), the content of H2O2 and the CuCl2 content in the leaves and roots increased significantly. The results showed that the Cu stress decreased in both photochemical efficiency and chlorophyll synthesis of A. sinensis seedlings, and increased the content of Cu and oxidation pressure in tissues. (2): Under Cu stress, the presence of attapulgite clay in the growth matrix can alleviate the copper-stress-induced decreases in the Y(II), qP, ETR, and chlorophyll content of the leaves, and can alleviate the copper-stress-induced increases of the qN, soluble protein content, activitiesofantioxidant enzymes,content ofH2O2 aswellas coppercontentsin theleavesandroots. Ourresultsindicatethat the attapulgite clay can reduce the absorption of available Cu2+ by adsorbing or immobilizing free and exchangeable Cu2+ in the matrix, thus relieving the physiological pressure caused by Cu2+ on plants ,which is propitious to its growth.And in the order of the mitigation is 1/70> 1/50> 1/20≧ 1/100> 0/1, this is due to the fact that when there is too much attapulgite clay in the matrix, the absorption of Cu2+ in the matrix will also affect the original physical properties of the matrix such as aeration, permeability and pH and so on. These results together showed that the attapulgite clay in the matrix can alleviate the copper-induced physiological stress on A. sinensisseedlings. This research would also provide a wealth
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Plant Protection submitted time 2018-07-18 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Cymbidium tracyanum is a Orchidaceae species, characterized by a beautiful and showy inflorescence. The species has a great potential for commercial exploitation in the flower industry. Plant tissue culture technology offers an effective tool for C. tracyanum large-scale production to avoid endangering its natural populations, yet there is a few research on the plant tissue culture of C. tracyanum. The current study evaluated the effects of basic medium and hormone combination on the plant regeneration of C. tracyanum. The effects of illumination time and culture temperature on the growth of plantlets were also studied. The results showed that the optimum basic medium for C. tracyanum growth was 1/2 MS. The optimal medium for protocorm induction was 1/2 MS＋1.0 mg·L-1 6-BA＋0.5 mg·L-1 NAA, 95.00% of the seeds developed into the protocorms after cultured for 50 d. The optimal medium for protocorm proliferation was 1/2 MS＋2.0 mg·L-1 NAA, the maximum proliferation multiple of protocorm reached 4.25 after cultured for 30 d. The optimal medium for protocorm differentiation was 1/2 MS＋2.0 mg· L-1 NAA＋60 g· L-1 mashed potato＋0.5 g· L-1acticarbon, the induction rate of indefinite bud was 98.33% after cultured for 10 d, the rooting rate was 94.67% after cultured for 40 d. In the process of plantlets subculture, temperature of 20℃ , illumination time of 12 h·d-1 and illumination intensity of 2 000 lx were suited for the growth of plantlets, the physiological scorch rate of leaf tip was 3.33%. Using humus as cultivation substrate, the transplanting survival rate of plantlets was 97.78%. This study provides an effective way for keeping good varieties of features and rapid propagation of C. tracyanum, at the same time helps to solve some theoretical problems in factory production of C. tracyanum.
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Plant Protection submitted time 2018-07-18 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Survey on plant resources plays a basic role in studying plant systematics and floristic evolutionary history and affinities, which is one of the important tasks of plant research in China. Although China has a rich accumulation in plant resources investigation with Flora of China and local flora records, data on plant resources in some remote areas are still lacking. Actinodaphne lecomtei Allen, Cinnamomum ilicioides A. Chev. and Carya kweichowensis Kuang A. M. Lu ex Chang et Lu are reported with new distribution records by morphological comparison in southern Yunnan, China, respectively. A. lecomtei was previously recorded to be found in Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangdong (Ruyuan) and Guangxi, China, C. ilicioides to be endemic to Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, China, and northern Vietnam, C. kweichowensis to be distributedinAnlong,Wangmo,Cenheng,Xingyi ofGuizhouetc., China.The newdistributionrecordsofA.lecomtei andC. ilicioides complements theweak areas in China, and provide a datafor analyzing relationshipbetween original species with genera and the taxonomic study of Lauraceae in China. The new distribution record of C. kweichowensis provides a new case at the species level for confirming the connection between C. kweichowensis and Annamocarya sinensis, furthermore, providesgermplasmresourcesforthedevelopmentofC.cathayensisproductioninYunnan.
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Plant Protection submitted time 2018-07-18 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Actinidia chinensis ‘Yangshi Jinhong 50’is a fine Actinidia chinensis Planch cultivar of yellow-flesh andred-heart,which favored bypeopleandknown as rich nourishment.In orderto establishtherapidandefficient propagation system in virtro, this study used stem with axillary bud of Actinidia chinensis ‘Yangshi Jinhong 50’as the explant, and used tissue culture to study suitable explants sterilization method, best plant growth regulator combination in Actinidia chinensis ‘Yangshi Jinhong 50’. This study founded two kinds of in vitro regeneration modes. Mode I : the axillary buds of stem with axillary bud were induced directly; Mode II : the callus was induced first, and then the adventitious buds were induced. The results showed that the explants best sterilization method was 75% alcohol 30 s+ 15% Ca(ClO)2 5 min+ 0.1% mercuric chloride 8 min; In Mode I, the plant growth substances combination of MS+ 4.0 mg·L-1 6-BA+ 0.1 mg·L-1 NAAfor axillary buds germination had the best the induction rate, which could reach 91.67%; In Mode II, callus rate of inducing stems bottom was more than 80%, the optimal medium that induced stems bottom callus to generate adventitious buds was MS+ 3.0 mg·L-1 6-BA+ 0.3 mg·L-1 NAA, germination rate reach 83.33%; the best plant growth substances combination in tufted bud culture was MS+ 4.0 mg·L-1 6-BA+ 0.4 mg·L-1 NAA, multiplication coefficient as high as 6.14; the best plant growth substances combination in rooting culture was 1/2 MS+ 0.9 mg·L-1 IBA, getting the differentiation of adventitious root about 15 d and complete plant 45 d, rooting rate reach 72.64%, average rooting number reach 25.67, average root length reach 2.67 cm, average plant height reach 3.08 cm. After the seedlings rooted, transplanted the seedlings to the substrate, theseedlings could reach the 96% survival rate in the substrate with the garden soil∶sand = 1∶1. Through this study, the micropropagation system in vitro of Actinidia chinensis ‘Yangshi Jinhong 50’ was established, which provides the basis for the research of genetic transformation in Actinidia chinensis Planch, at the same time, the establishment regeneration system provides a good technical supportforseedlingmicropropagationandfactoryinActinidiachinensis‘YangshiJinhong50’.
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Plant Protection submitted time 2018-07-18 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： The extractable humus carbon of the litter can change with the rhythm of the plant growth and the phenological period, and then affect the material circulation process. Understanding of the changes in the extractable humic carbon content during the phenological period are of great significance for the in-depth understanding of the features of the litterfall-supported regional ecosystem cycle, but they lack attention. Therefore, Quercus acutissima, Phoebe zhennan, Cryptomeria fortune, and Camptotheca acuminatain were selected in the Rainy Area of West China. The different types of litters in the leaf budding period, leaf expanding period, leaf maturing period, and leaf falling period were dynamically collected through fixed-point analysis of the differences in the extractable humic carbon (HC) humic acid carbon (HAC), fulvic acid carbon (FAC), and humic acid carbon/fulvic acid carbon (HAC/FAC). The results show: that the contents of HC and HAC in leaf litter were the highest in the same critical period, and they all showed as leaf litter> twig litter> fruit litter, and showed that the evergreen tree species was not significant but the deciduous tree species was significant; Compared with other periods, leaf litter of the four tree species exhibited high FAC content during the leaf expanding period, However, HAC content and FAC content of twig litter and fruit litter in phenological stages are greatly affected by species. Humic acid carbon/Fulvic acid carbon (HAC/FAC) in leaf litter of four tree species to characterize the relative content and formation rate of humic acid, fulvic acid during the humification of leaf litter, there was no significant difference between organs, showing that the deciduous tree species had lower HAC/FAC than evergreen tree species. The present study shows that stage types, species types, organ types and their interactions have different degrees of influence on HC, HAC, FAC content and HAC/FAC in litter. The results provide a theoretical basis and a new direction for further understanding the material circulation process of litterfall in the regional ecosystem.
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Plant Protection submitted time 2018-07-18 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： In this paper, the mycorrhizal infection rates of Bretschneidera sinensis under different water treatments (40%, 60%, 80%, 100%) and time points were determined. Quantified morphology characteristics of the seedlings such as heights, ground diameter, and number of leaves, together with malonaldehyde content and survival rate in the inoculation group and the control group before and after different water treatments were also determined. The results showed that, under the condition of relative soil moisture content of 60%, the infection rates of mycelium, arbuscula and the total were the highest, low moisture content (40%) and high moisture content (≥80%) were not conducive to mycorrhizal fungi on the seedlings infestation; the content of malondialdehyde in the inoculated seedlings was significantly lower than that of the control at 40% and 60% treatments, suggested that inoculation with Funneliformis mosseae could increase seedling resistance to drought stress, but with no obvious effect on treatments of 80% and 100% high moisture content; the relative water content of soil suitable for seedling growth under natural and inoculated conditions was 80% and 60%, respectively; under the same water conditions, the survival rate of inoculated seedlings was higher than that of the control, with the highest (90%) under 60% treatment, while the survival rate of seedlings was relatively low at 40% low moisture content and 100% saturated moisture content
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Plant Protection submitted time 2018-07-18 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： With Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis DH3229 seedlings as test material, a experiment was conducted to study nitric oxide(NO) alleviate the toxic effects of Aluminum(Al). In this experiment, E. urophylla × E. grandis DH3229 were subjected to six treatments (two levels of Al stress and three levels of SNP). In this paper, we measured four plant growth indexs (Root Biomass, Stem Biomass, Leaf Biomass, and Root stem ratio) and nine plant physiologic indexs (Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b, Chlorophyll a+b, Chlorophyll a/b, MDA conten, Relative electrical conductivity, Free proline content, Soluble sugar content, and SOD content) among different treatments. We used one-way ANOVAs and Duncan multiple-range test to exam the differences between four plant growth indexs and nine plant physiologic indexs in six treatments. And then, we used PCA (principle conponent analysis) to reduce the number of dimensions without much loss of information based on similarities and differences, and we defined a limited number of “principal components” that describe independent variation structures in the data. In the last, we choose a appropriate SNP content to alleviate the toxic effects of Al. The results showed that: Al stress significantly inhibited root, stem, leaf biomass of seedlings, and the content of leaf Chl a, Chl a+b. Meanwhile Al stress significantly increased the relative electrical conductivity, MDA, SOD, and proline content. The application of 10 μmolL·-1 SNP increased siginificantly root and leaf biomass, the content of Chl a and Chl b, Chl a/b under Al stress; and decreased siginificantly the relative electrical conductivity, MDA, and proline content. Apply an appropriate amount of SNP could effectively alleviate the toxic effects of Al on Eucalyptus seedling growth. However, high concentration SNP could inhibit the growth of Eucalyptus seedling. These conclusions can serve as an important guide for enhancing the resistance to Al toxicity of Eucalyptus species growth on acid soil
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Plant Protection submitted time 2018-07-18 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Water depth is an important limiting factor affecting the growth and distribution of wetland plants. In this study, Potamogeton octandrus Poir. with typical heterophylly was selected as the research object. To investigate the adaptive mechanism and phenotypic plasticity of P. octandrus under different water depth conditions, the seedling growth, biomass, and reproduction strategies under the four water depth gradients of shallow water treatments (10 cm and 30 cm) and deep water treatments (50 cm and 70 cm) were studied. The results showed that heterophyllous leaves appeared after theplants transferred from underwater to aerial condition, and the relative growth rate decreased significantly, which was also positively correlated with the water depth gradient. The shoot height showed an explosive growth with theincrease ofwater depth, and thestem length in 10 cm water depth was significantly lower than those in other water depth treatments. The water depth also had a significant effect on the number of internodes, among which the number of internodes was the most in the 30 cm treatment, whiletheinternodelengthand biomass inthedeep watertreatments weresignificantlyhigherthanthos in the shallow water treatments. The number of branch showed significant differences among the four treatments, and showed a significant decrease with the increase of water depth. While the biomass and aboveground biomass allocation increased significantly with the increase of water depth. Water depth treatment had a significant effect on sexual reproduction indexes, and the increase of water depth inhibited the sexual reproduction. No inflorescence was formed under 10 cm treatment. The pollen production, P/O ratio and the number of inflorescence in 50 cm water depth were significantly higher than those in other treatments, moreover, the seed number and seed set of the deep water treatments were significantly higher than those of the 30 cm group. Comprehensive studies show that P. octandrus can be adapted to the water depth by adjusting the morphological plasticity and biomass allocation and adopting different reproduction strategies, and the optimum water depth rangeisabout50cm.
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Plant Protection submitted time 2018-07-18 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Dysphania schraderiana, in the Chenopodiaceae family, is widely distributed in Lhasa (Tibet, China) and used as a traditional medicine. The essential oil of Dysphania schraderiana, which contains abundant sesquiterpenes compounds, appeared to possess potential medicinal value. Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS) is a key branch-point enzyme in biosynthesis of terpene. In order to reveal D. schraderiana FPPS gene, the transcriptome database of D. schraderiana was mined and two gene sequences (DsFPPS1 and DsFPPS2) were obtained in this research. Subsequential protein physicochemical property, architectural feature, function and phylogeny relationship analysis of DsFPPSs were also predicted and analyzed. The results indicated that DsFPPS1 and DsFPPS2 sequences contained an ORF span of 1029 bp and 969 bp respectively, encoding 342 (DsFPPS1) and 322 (DsFPPS2) amino acids respectively.The analysis of amino acid composition indicated that the dominant components of DsFPPS1 and DsFPPS2 are both nonpolar amino acids. The molecular weight of DsFPPS1 and DsFPPS2 were 39.68 kD and 36.76 kD, respectively. Isoelectric point were 5.11 and 5.65 for DsFPPS1 and DsFPPS2, respectively. Besides, DsFPPS1 protein was predicted to be a stable protein, but DsFPPS2 protein was predicted to be an unstable protein. The amino acid sequence analysis showed that DsFPPS1 and DsFPPS2 had no signal peptide and transmembrane region. The possible localization of DsFPPS1 and DsFPPS2 was both in mitochondria. DsFPPS1 and DsFPPS2 protein exhibited 60.53% sequence identity, and possessed five conserved domain (Ⅰ~Ⅴ) and two characteristic Asp-rich motifs (DDXXD). The amino acid sequence of DsFPPS1 has higher homology with Chenopodium quinoa, Spinacia oleracea and Beta vulgaris than DsFPPS2. In addition, the secondary structure of DsFPPS proteins mainly consisted of α-helixes, which resulted in a bundle of 8 α-helices in tertiary structure. However, tertiary structure analysis showed that DsFPPS2 protein was missing an α-helix compared to DsFPPS1 protein. The result of phylogenetic analysis indicated that phylogenetic relationships of DsFPPS1 protein were closer to Chenopodiaceae plants consistent with sequence alignment results, while DsFPPS2 protein was clustered alone in phylogenetic tree. In general, these results could lay a foundation for an insight to molecular functionofDsFPPSandthesynthetic biologyofsesquiterpenesinD. schraderiana.
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Plant Protection submitted time 2018-07-18 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： The emergence of genome editing technology has far-reaching significance for plant genetic breeding andimprovement ofcrop traits. CRISPR/Cas (clustered orderedinterspaced short palindromic repeat) is a cluster of regularly spaced short palindromic repeats used by prokaryotes (40% bacteria and 90% archaea) to resist the invasion of foreign genetic material (phage and viruses). The immune system consists of its associated proteins. CRISPR acts as an RNA-based acquired immune defense system. Its spacer sequence shares homology with phage or plasmid sequences and can use target-specific RNA to direct the Cas protein to target genes that are genetically incorrectin almostall organisms andcells.Compared with the gene editing technology of zinc finger nuclease ZFN and transcriptional activator-like effectorribozyme TALEN, it has the advantages of being flexible, efficient, cheap, and easy to operate, rapidly surpassing the previous technology, and becoming the hottest site-specific gene editing tool. In addition, CRISPR/Cas technology hasbroad application prospectsinfunctionalgene screening,transcriptional regulation, epigenetic regulation, and DNA imaging. CRISPR/Cas technology is bound to change biological research methods and promote the development of biotechnology. Therefore, since its first application in 2013, it has rapidly been accepted by many Chinese and foreign researchers and applied to research,and hasbecome anew hotspot in the field of life science research.At present,there are many cases of genomic editing reported in plants using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The CRISPR/Cas9 geneediting technology hasbeensuccessfully implemented inArabidopsisthaliana, Nicotiana abenthamiana, Oryzasativa, Triticumaestivum, Zea mays, Tomato and other large-scale plants. The application of fixed-point genome editing also extends to various types of plants. However,CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology haslow applicationin non-patterns, especially in some small crops, as compared with model species and some large crops. The problems such as vector construction, target design, off-target detection, and homologous recombination need to be further addressed. perfect. This paper summarizes recent advances in CRISPR/Cas9 technology and research on non-model plants andsmall crops,and discussesthe limitationsof this technology in the application of non-model plants and small crops. Finally, the research prospects of the CRISPR/Cas9 system were prospected, which provided references for related researchers. It is believed that with the further development of CRISPR/Cas9 technology, these problems will eventually be overcome, and its emergence will certainly bring about better development of plant geneticengineering.
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Plant Protection submitted time 2018-07-18 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Anthocyanin-rich purple sweet potatos have high edible and medicinal value. Anthocyanin biosynthesis is controlled by structural genes and regulatory genes. The bHLH (basic helix-loop-helix protein) transcription factor plays an important role in anthocyanin biosynthesis by regulating multiple structural genes. However, there are no reports about bHLH regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in sweet potato. In this study, a bHLH gene named IbGL3 was cloned in Ipomoea batatas based on transcriptome data and RT-PCR technology. The full-length cDNA of IbGL3 was 2 120 bp, containing 1 878 bp opening reading frame (ORF), and encoding 625 amino acids. The encoded protein of IbGL3 has a molecular weight of 69.08 kD and the theoretical isoelectric point (pI) of 5.20. The IbGL3 protein was classified as unstable protein instability with index of instability index 43.06, and belonged to hydrophilic protein with grand average of hydropathicity of -0.555. Subcellular localization prediction showed that IbGL3 was most likely to be located in the nucleus, and the nuclear localization signal (PSSKKRKASKT) was located at the C-terminal. Signal peptide analysis showed that IbGL3 protein had no signal peptide and was not a secretory protein. Transmembrane domain analysis showed that IbGL3 protein had no transmembrane domain. The IbGL3 protein had highly conserved MIR motif, bHLH domain and ACT domain, shared high identities and similar domains with bHLH proteins involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis from other plants. Phylogenetic analysis showed that and IbGL3 was clustered in the IIIf bHLH subgroup together with other anthocyanin-related bHLH proteins. The expression of IbGL3 in the storage root of different sweet potato varieties was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The results indicated that IbGL3 was mainly expressed in purple-fleshed sweet potato, followed by light purple-fleshed sweet potato and weakly expressed in white-fleshed sweet potato, and its expression was positively related to the accumulation of anthocyanin Ipomoea batatas. The results showed IbGL3 may be involved in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in Ipomoea batatas. The results will provide assistance and guidance to further understand the function and molecular mechanism of IbGL3 in the biosynthesis of anthocyanins in sweet potato, and lay the foundation for genetic improvement of anthocyanin in sweet potato.
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Plant Protection submitted time 2018-07-18 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： The Plagiogyria is isolated in the classification system, an so far no reports about the systematic and comparative study of its anatomical structure have been published. The anatomical comparative study of the petiole and the pinnule cross-sections of 9 species of Plagiogyria was performed using light microscopy for the first time. The epidermis, the basic tissue and the middle column of the middle petiole transection and the epidermis, mesophyll and main vein of the vegetative leaf pinnule of 9 species of Plagiogyria are similar, for example, the epidermis of the transverse section of the middle petiole is not covered with hair or squamas, the epidermis is round in shape with thick-walled tissue, and the central cylinder is a amphicribral vascular bundle; the stomatas of trophyll pinnule transection are only distributed in the lower epidermis, the shape of epidermal cells is flat, and the type of the main vein belongs to the peripheral vascular bundle, which supports for the viewpoint that Plagiogyria is a natural taxonomy. In the evolution of the system, the Plagiogyria has a certain relationship with the Alsophila spinulosa and both of them have similar characteristics and also show certain differences. However, the petiole central transverse section of 9 species of Plagiogyria are trapezoidal, oval or triangular. The shape of the vascular bundle including "U" shape, "V" shape or triangle. The number of vascular bundles in the central transverse section of the petiole is one or three. The arrangement of xylem in vascular bundles including "Eight" shape, "U" shape or " 一" shape; The underside protuberances of the pinnule main veins are curved, triangular or trapezoidal. The xylem of the petiole has two forms: typical hippocampus and atypical hippocampus. The typical hippocampus is characterized by obvious hooks state at both ends of the xylem. The atypical hippocampus is characterized by no obvious hook state at the two ends of xylem or one of the xylems has no hook at one end. These morphological anatomical features are stable and cluster specific, providing a new reference for taxonomy and systematic studies of Plagiogyria. Finally, a key to the Plagiogyria species is given based on the anatomical characteristics of the transverse section of the petiole and the pinnule.
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Plant Protection submitted time 2018-07-18 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Many natural ecosystems have been suffering from degradation across the world. Karst ecosystems are known for susceptibility and sensitivity to disturbance. So far, little information is available on the characteristics of vegetation communities suffering from different levels of degradation in Karst areas. Therefore, this study investigated species composition, community structure and species diversity of vegetation communities suffering from different levels of degradation in Karst areas. The results showed that: (1) There were significant differences in species composition and life form composition of communities suffering from different levels of degradation. Numbers of plant families and species were highest in potential degraded communities. Along degradation, tree species gradually reduced and ultimately disappeared. The proportion of shrubs increased first and then decreased. The proportion of herbal increased gradually along degradation. (2) There is a total of 217 vascular plant species belonging to 86 families and 165 genera across 45 explored plots, and Euphorbiaceae, Meliaceae, Rosaceae, Verbenaceae, Gramineae, Nephrolepidaceae were the dominant species. Along degradation, the important values of dominant species gradually decreased, i.e., their dominance in the community gradually weakened while the important values of the companion species gradually increased. (3) Community structure tended to simplify along degradation, as density, height and coverage of community decreased. (4) There were significant differences in species diversity indexs of arbor, shrub and herb layers of communities suffering from different levels of degradation. The species richness index, Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index decreased along degradation. In sum, characteristics of vegetation community substantially changed along degradation, which has important implication for further studies on degradation and vegetation restoration in Karst areas.
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Plant Protection submitted time 2018-06-22 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Bauhinia championii Benth, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has effect on anti-inflammatory , analgesic, eliminate free radicals, anti-bacterial, anti-tumor and so on. In order to further broaden the potential fungicidal and herbicidal activity of different constituents of Bauhinia championii Benth, the research group attempt to dry and smash Bauhinia championii Benth leaves and use methanol to extract 3 times at normal temperature. Crude extract was isolated and purified on silica gel column chromatography. A bottle of fraction is collected every 200mL, according to the TLC detection and iodine cylinder integration, the crude extract was separated into 9 constituents.
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Plant Protection submitted time 2018-06-22 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： For establishing a high efficient and stable protoplast culture and fusion technology system, the protoplasts obtained from Pogostemon cablin’s callus, were studied as the material for enzymatic hydrolysis conditions of protoplast preparation, and on this base, the effects of culture methods, cell density, hormone types and concentrations on the protoplast culture were studied. Screening range of fusion cells were determined by measuring the diameter of fusion products. The effects of PEG concentration, cell density, incubation time and amount of fusion fluid on the fusion rate of protoplasts were studied by single factor analysis. The results showed that the yield of protoplast was higher with enzymolysis temperature about 23-28 ℃ and the vitality of protoplast reached the highest value at 25 ℃. The optimal pH for enzymatically hydrolyzing was 5.8. Four methods, shallow layer of liquid, double layer of solid liquid, agarose embedding and sodium alginate embedding, were be used to culture protoplast of P. cablin, the protoplasts with sodium alginate embedding began to divide earlier and got the higher division frequency and plating efficiency.
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Plant Protection submitted time 2018-06-22 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Nested variation, coefficient of variation, Principal Component Analysis and UPGMA cluster analysis was used to analyze phenotypic traits of seeds and fruits among populations for determining the phenotypic traits variations of Acer ginnala populations and its relationship with geographical environment factors. We made a comparative study on twelve phenotypic traits of fruit and seed in seven natural populations of Acer ginnala from seven provinces. The results showed that there were abundant variations in phenotypic traits of fruit and seed among and within population of Acer ginnala. And there were eleven phenotypic traits (except SLW) occurring extremely significant differences among and within populations. Coefficient of variance ( CV) of the twelve phenotypic traits was 8.14%– 32.08%, with an average of 13.90%. And the variance coefficient of seeds among populations ( 8.17%) was lower than that of wing fruits ( 15.63%) , which indicated that the seeds had higher stability than the fruits. Principal component analysis ( PCA) showed that the contribution of morphological characteristics of fruit to the phenotypic traits of Acer ginnala populations was higher than that of seeds, which indicated that the main variation source of A. ginnala came from the fruits. Mean coefficient of phenotypic differentiation (Vst) between populations was 35.47%, which was lower than that within populations ( 64.53%),
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Plant Protection submitted time 2018-06-22 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Cyclobalanopsis glauca is one of the constructive species and dominant species in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest. Cyclobalanopsis glauca is the dominant species too in karst forest of Maolan National Reserve and plays an important role in the ecosystem. In order to reveal population dynamics of Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Cyclobalanopsis glauca of different topography sites (Funnel, Hillside, Valley) in Maolan National Reserve were selected as the object of research. The population structure was studied by the method of tree class structure instead of age structure, and survival curves of Cyclobalanopsis glauca was drawn.
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Plant Protection submitted time 2018-06-22 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Baiyangdian Lake, which is the largest freshwater lake in northern China is facing the threat of heavy metal contamination due to population growth and agricultural and industrial development. Submerged macrophytes, which play important structural and functional roles in aquatic ecosystems have shown tremendous potential to remove heavy metals from aquatic ecosystems. Indoor simulation experiments were conducted to investigate the tolerance of Cd, and accumulation and transportation of Cd from contaminated sediment by four kinds of submerged macrophytes which were Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle, Myriophyllum verticillatum L., Ceratophyllum demersum L. and Potamogeton crispus L.. It provided the basis for screening out suitable submerged plants for remediation of Cd contaminated water in Baiyangdian Lake. (1)Results of the toxicity test showed that the 4 d-EC50 of Cd for H. verticillata, M. verticillatum, C. demersum and P. crispus were 0.51, 0.81, 0.03 and 0.12 mg·L-1, respectively. The tolerance for Cd from high to low was M. verticillatum, H. verticillata, P. crispus and C. demersum. M. verticillatum showed the strongest tolerance for Cd，with a maximum 4 d-EC50, which was 27 times that of C. demersum. In addition, the maximal concentrations of Cd for H. verticillata, M. verticillatum, C. demersum and P. crispus were 27.89, 15.28, 22.54 and 32.74 g·kg-1, respectively. P. crispus had the strongest accumulation capability of Cd, followed by H. verticillata. (2)The results of remediation Cd-contaminated sediment by H. verticillata, M. verticillatum and P. crispus indicated that the accumulation of Cd in roots was significantly higher than that in leaves and stems (P<0.05). Furthermore, concentrations of Cd in shoots of submerged plants decreased in order of H. verticillata > P. crispus > M. verticillatum, while contents of Cd in roots decreased in order of P. crispus > H. verticillata > M. verticillatum. Moreover, the transportation capabilities of Cd from Cd-contaminated sediment to plants in the pattern of H. verticillata > M. verticillatum > P. crispus. In summary, due to the higher tolerance, accumulation and transportation ability of Cd, H. verticillata is the most suitable submerged macrophyte for remediation of Cd-contaminated water in Baiyangdian Lake.
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