分类： 生物学 >> 生物物理学 >> 生物物理、生物化学与分子生物学 提交时间： 2016-05-11
Yang, Qingzhan
Shaw, Neil
Rao, Zihe
Lou, Zhiyong
Jie, Qing
Shaw, Neil
Rao, Zihe
Yin, Zheng
Yin, Zheng
Yin, Zheng
Li, Lei
Rao, Zihe
Lou, Zhiyong
Li, Lei
Rao, Zihe
Lou, Zhiyong
Li, Lei
Rao, Zihe
Lou, Zhiyong
摘要： In recent years, hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD), which is caused by Enteroviruses, has emerged as a serious illness. It affects mainly children under the age of five and results in high fatality rates. Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the main causative agent of HFMD in China and currently there are no effective anti-viral drugs available to treat HFMD. In the present study, we screened compounds for inhibition of proliferation of EV71. Compound YZ-LY-0 stalled the life cycle of EV71. The inhibitor exhibited EC50 value of 0.29 mu m against SK-EV006 strain of EV71. Notably, YZ-LY-0 had low cytotoxicity (CC50 > 100 mu M) and a high selectivity index (over 300) in Vero and RD cells. YZ-LY-0 in combination with an EV71 RdRp inhibitor or an entry inhibitor showed an antagonistic effect at very low concentrations. However, at higher concentrations the inhibitors exhibited a synergistic effect in inhibiting viral replication. Preliminary results on investigation of the mechanism of inhibition indicate that YZ-LY-0 does not block the entry of the virus in the host cell, but instead inhibits an early stage of EV71 replication. Our studies provide a potential clinical therapeutic option against EV71 infections and suggest that a combined application of YZ-LY-0 with other inhibitors could be more effective in the treatment of HFMD.
分类： 核科学技术 >> 粒子加速器 提交时间： 2023-06-18 合作期刊: 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》
摘要： Direct demodulation method (DDM) was applied to reconstruct -ray spectra. Boosted Richardson-Lucy iteration was introduced into DDM. Monte Carlo method (here GEANT 4) was proposed to calibrate response function and establish response matrix. First, gauss function was regarded as total energy peak. Spectra line was simulated with nine gauss functions. And afterwards DDM was applied to reconstruct the simulated spectra line and determine peak positions and areas. Compared with original spectra, for case that peak position interval was about 1/3 full width half maximum (FWHM), the error of rebuilding peak position was 2 channels. The rest of peaks could be searched accurately. The relative errors of all peaks area were less than 4%. Then, three key factors, including noise, background, response matrix, were discussed. Finally, DDM was applied to calibrate the field NaI gamma spectrometer. The errors of U, Th, K were less than 5%. Comprehensive studies have shown that it is feasible to reconstruct gamma-ray spectra with DDM. DDM can significantly pseudo-improve energy resolution of gamma spectrometer, effectively decompose doublets whose peak potential interval is 1/3 FHWM, and accurately search peak and calculate areas. DDM can restrain noise strongly but is greatly influenced by background. And DDM can improve the accuracy of qualitative and quantitative analysis in combination with the conventional spectrum analysis method.
分类： 地球科学 >> 地理学 提交时间： 2021-11-10 合作期刊: 《干旱区科学》
摘要： Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are two essential nutrients that determine plant growth and many nutrient cycling processes. Increasing N and P deposition is an important driver of ecosystem changes. However, in contrast to numerous studies about the impacts of nutrient addition on forests and temperate grasslands, how plant foliar stoichiometry and nutrient resorption respond to N and P addition in alpine grasslands is poorly understood. Therefore, we conducted an N and P addition experiment (involving control, N addition, P addition, and N+P addition) in an alpine grassland on Kunlun Mountains (Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China) in 2016 and 2017 to investigate the changes in leaf nutrient concentrations (i.e., leaf N, Leaf P, and leaf N:P ratio) and nutrient resorption efficiency of Seriphidium rhodanthum and Stipa capillata, which are dominant species in this grassland. Results showed that N addition has significant effects on soil inorganic N (NO3–-N and NH4+-N) and leaf N of both species in the study periods. Compared with green leaves, leaf nutrient concentrations and nutrient resorption efficiency in senesced leaves of S. rhodanthum was more sensitive to N addition, whereas N addition influenced leaf N and leaf N:P ratio in green and senesced leaves of S. capillata. N addition did not influence N resorption efficiency of the two species. P addition and N+P addition significantly improved leaf P and had a negative effect on P resorption efficiency of the two species in the study period. These influences on plants can be explained by increasing P availability. The present results illustrated that the two species are more sensitive to P addition than N addition, which implies that P is the major limiting factor in the studied alpine grassland ecosystem. In addition, an interactive effect of N+P addition was only discernable with respect to soil availability, but did not affect plants. Therefore, exploring how nutrient characteristics and resorption response to N and P addition in the alpine grassland is important to understand nutrient use strategy of plants in terrestrial ecosystems.
分类： 核科学技术 >> 粒子加速器 提交时间： 2023-06-18 合作期刊: 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》
摘要： In energy dispersive X-ray fiuorescence (EDXRF), quantitative elemental content analysis becomes difficult due to the existence of the noise, the spectrum peak superposition, element matrix effect, etc. In this paper, a hybrid approach of genetic algorithm (GA) and back propagation (BP) neural network is proposed without considering the complex relationship between the elemental content and peak intensity. The aim of GA-optimized BP is to get better network initial weights and thresholds. The starting point of this approach is that the reciprocal of the mean square error of the initialization BP neural network is set as the fitness value of the individuals in GA; and the initial weights and thresholds are replaced by individuals, then the optimal individual is searched by selecting, crossover and mutation operations, finally a new BP neural network model is established with the optimal initial weights and thresholds. The quantitative analysis results of titanium and iron contents in five types of mineral samples show that the relative errors of 76.7% samples are below 2%, compared to chemical analysis data, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.
分类： 化学 >> 物理化学 提交时间： 2017-11-05 合作期刊: 《结构化学》
摘要： In this work, we perform DFT + U periodic calculations to study geometrical and electronic structures and oxygen vacancy formation energies of SmxCayCe1-x-yO2-δ systems (x = 0.0312, 0.0625, 0.125 and 0.250; y = 0.0312, 0.0625, 0.125 and 0.250; δ = 0.0312, 0.0625, 0.125, 0.250 and 0.50) with different oxygen vacancy and doping concentrations. The calculated results show that the V1-Sm3+-V2 structures where there is a position relationship of the face diagonal between V1 and V2 both nearest to Sm3+ have the lowest energy configurations. The study on electronic structures of the SmxCayCe1-x-yO2-δ systems finds that excess electrons arise from oxygen vacancies and are localized on f-level traps of their neighbor Ce, and Ca2+ and Sm3+ co-doping effectively restrains the reduction of Ce4+. In order to avoid the existence of Ce3+, x and y must be both larger than 0.0625 as δ = 0.125 or δ must be smaller than 0.125 as x = y = 0.0625. The Ce3+/Ce4+ change ratio k has an obvious monotonous increase with increasing the vacancy oxygen concentration. The introduction of Sm3+ decreases k. In addition, the doped Sm3+ can restrain the reduction of Ce4+ when the V1-Sm3+-V2 structure with a face diagonal position relationship in lower reduced atmosphere exists. It need be pointed out that the Sm0.25Ce0.75O1.5 system should be thought of as a Sm-doped Ce2O3 one.
分类： 核科学技术 >> 核材料与工艺技术 提交时间： 2023-06-18 合作期刊: 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》
摘要： The gel dosimeter has the uniquely capacity in recording radiation dose distribution in three dimensions (3D), which has the specific advantages in dosimetry measurements where steep dose gradients exist. In this study, a novel radiochromic gel dosimeter was developed by dispersing nanovesicles self-assembled by 10, 12-pentacosadiynoic acid (PCDA) into the tissue equivalence gel matrix. The characteristics of radiochromic PCDA vesicle gel dosimeters were evaluated. Results indicate that these radiochromic gel dosimeters have good linear response to 1.7 MeV electron beam irradiation in the dose range of 0.326.36 kGy. In addition, the radiochromic gel dosimeters overcome the limitations of the existing gel dosimeters such as diffusion effect, post-radiation effect, and poor forming ability. Hence, the radiochromic PCDA vesicle gel dosimeters developed could be generally applied to 3D dose distribution measurement with optical readout.
分类： 核科学技术 >> 核探测技术与核电子学 提交时间： 2023-06-18 合作期刊: 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》
摘要： In helical cone-beam computed tomography (CT), Feldkamp-Davis-Kress (FDK) based image reconstruction algorithms are by far the most popular. However, artifacts are commonly met in the presence of lateral projection truncation. The reason is that the ramp filter is global. To restrain the truncation artifacts, an approximate reconstruction formula is proposed based on the Derivative-Hilbert-Backprojection (DHB) framework. In the method, the first order derivative filter is followed by the Hilbert transform. Since the filtered projection values are almost zero by the first order derivative filter, the following Hilbert transform has little influence on the projection values, even though the projections are laterally truncated. The proposed method has two main advantages. First, it has comparable computational efficiency and image quality as well as the conventional helical FDK algorithm for non-truncated projections. The second advantage is that images can be reconstructed with acceptable quality and much lower computational cost in comparison to the Laplace operator based algorithm in cases with truncated projections. To point out the advantages of our method, simulations on the computer and real data experiments on our laboratory industrial cone-beam CT are conducted. The simulated and experimental results demonstrate that the method is feasible for image reconstruction in the case of projection truncation.
分类： 医学、药学 >> 临床医学 提交时间： 2021-11-22
Chen, Qiyu
Li, Ranran
Lin, Chihche
Lai, Chiming
Chen, Dechang
Qu, Hongping
Huang, Yaling
Lu, Wenlian
Tang, Yaoqing
Li, Lei
摘要： Background: Sepsis is vital in critical care medicine, and early detection and intervention are key to survival. We aimed to establish an early warning system for sepsis based on a data integration system that can be implemented in the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: We trained the LightGBM and multilayer perceptron on the open-source database Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care for sepsis prediction. An ensemble sepsis prediction model was established based on the transfer learning and ensemble learning technique on the private dataset of Ruijin Hospital. The Shapley Additive Explanations analysis was applied to present feature importance on the prediction inference. With the development of data-integrating hub to collect and transmit data from different brands of ICU medical devices, the data integration system was established to receive, integrate, standardize, and store the real-time clinical data. In this way, the sepsis prediction model developed in the ICU of the Ruijin Hospital for the real-world study of sepsis early warning on ICU management. The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05088850). Findings: Our best early warning model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0·9833 in the task of detecting sepsis in 4-h preceding on the open-source database, while our ensemble model achieved an AUC of 0·90650·9436 in the retrospective research from 15-h preceding on the private database, and 0·86360·8992 in real-time real-world studies using the data integration system in the ICU of the Ruijin Hospital. In the continuous early warning process of patients admitted to the ICU, 22 patients who met the diagnostic criteria for sepsis during hospitalization were predicted as positive cases; 29 patients without sepsis were predicted as negative cases. Additionally, 17 patients were predicted as false-positive cases; in six patients with sepsis during ICU stay, the predicted probabilities at different time nodes were all less than the warning threshold 0·7 and predicted as false-negative cases. Interpretation: Machine learning models could allow accurate and real-time inference to detect sepsis onset within 5-h preceding at most with the help of the data integration system. We identified the features such as age, antibiotics, ventilation, and net balance to be important for the sepsis prediction inference. We argue that this system has promising potential to improve ICU management by helping medical practitioners identify at-sepsis-risk patients and prepare for timely diagnosis and intervention. Funding: Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project, the ZHANGJIANG LAB, and the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality.
点击量
待评议
点击量
下载量
评论
通过
