分类: 心理学 >> 认知心理学 提交时间: 2020-02-05
摘要: BACKGROUND: Saccade-induced retrieval enhancement (SIRE) refers to the phenomenon that active engaging of horizontal eye movements before recall would enhance subsequent memory performance. This effect is generally thought to be the result of interhemispheric interaction stimulated by saccades. Nonetheless, recent findings do not fully support this hypothesis. An alternative explanation is that saccades promote memory retrieval by improving top-down attention control. Thus, the mechanisms of SIRE are unclear, the present meta-analysis quantitatively analyzed the effect of saccades on memory performance and examined the mechanisms of SIRE through moderator analysis. METHODS: We searched "Web of Science", "PubMed", and "Springer" for peer reviewed papers using the keywords "eye movements + memory" and "saccades + memory". Twenty-two papers were included in the final analysis. RESULTS: There was a significant facilitation of horizontal saccades on overall memory performance, with a pooled effect size (Cohen’s d) of 0.45 (p < 0.001). However, the overall effect of vertical saccades was not significant (d = 0.1, p = 0.14). Moderation analysis showed that the handedness of participants was a significant moderator of the SIRE, with strongly right-handed individuals benefited more from horizontal saccades than non-strongly right-handed individuals (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Horizontal saccades improved memory performances, particularly for the strongly right-handed individuals, these results support the interhemispheric interaction hypothesis.
分类: 生物学 >> 动物学 提交时间: 2022-11-25 合作期刊: 《古脊椎动物学报》
摘要: The pelvic morphology, and whether the pelvic fin is present or absent in the earliest jawed vertebrates are key in interpreting the origin of vertebrate paired fins. Parayunnanolepis xitunensis, an antiarch placoderm from the Early Devonian of Yunnan, South China, was previously described to possess the earliest evidence of both dermal and endoskeletal pelvic girdles, presumably for the attachment of the pelvic fins. Here, we redescribe the pelvic region of the holotype based on high-resolution computed tomographic data. Instead of having two large plates previously designated as dermal pelvic girdles, Parayunnanolepis possesses three pairs of lateral pelvic plates, and one large oval median pelvic plate. The paired pelvic plates are flat ventral plates, and differ from other dermal pelvic girdles in lacking a dorsal extension. There is no definitive evidence for the presence of an endoskeletal pelvic girdle in Parayunnanolepis, although the possibility cannot be ruled out. A comparison of the dermal pelvic plates in various jawed stem-gnathostomes suggests the presence of both paired and median pelvic plates is shared by different lineages and might be plesiomorphic. The jawed stem-gnathostomes may have recruited the ventral dermal skeleton of the post-thoracic body into different functional units.
分类: 核科学技术 >> 核材料与工艺技术 提交时间: 2023-06-18 合作期刊: 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》
摘要: A novel extractant, N,N-dimethyl-N,N-didecyl-3-oxa-diglycolamide (DMDDDGA), was designed and synthesized for extraction of lanthanides in the nuclear fuel reprocessing. The extraction behaviors of Gd, Dy, Er and Ho from nitric acid solution were investigated using DMDDDGA in chloroform. The effects of nitric acid concentration, extractant concentration, and temperature on the extraction were investigated. The distribution ratio of lanthanides increases with concentrations of the extractant and nitric acid, but decreases with increasing temperature, which indicates that the extraction process is exothermic. FT-IR spectra indicated that the C=O in DMDDDGA is coordinated with metal ion in the extracted species and the stoichiometries of lanthanides(III) complex are Gd(NO3)33DMDDDGA, Dy(NO3)34DMDDDGA, Er(NO3)34DMDDDGA, and Ho(NO3)34DMDDDGA.
分类: 物理学 >> 普通物理:统计和量子力学,量子信息等 提交时间: 2017-04-06
摘要: The recent emergence of liquid crystals of atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) materials not only has allowed us to explore novel phenomena of macroscopically aligned 2D nanomaterials but also has provided a route toward their controlled assembly into th