Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2023-05-05 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
WANG Jing
WANG Hui
SONG Shiqun
JI Guanghe
GUO Yakun
YAO Danning
ZHAO Shuhan
LI Duoduo
XIA Ruyu
ZHANG Lishan
Abstract： Background Oral traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） has been widely used in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（AECOPD），but the outcome measures of relevant clinical trials have not been standardized and regulated. Objective To screen the published randomized controlled trials（RCTs） of oral TCM in the treatment of AECOPD，summarize the literature characteristics and outcome measures，so as to provide reference for the design of clinical trials and the selection of outcome measures for the treatment of AECOPD with TCM. Methods CNKI，Wanfang Data，VIP，SinoMed，PubMed，Embase，Web of Science，Cochrane Library，ClinicalTrials.gov and Chinese Clinical Trial Registry were systematically searched by computer to obtain RCTs and clinical trial registration protocols for the treatment of AECOPD with oral TCM from January 2018 to October 2022. After independent screening of the literature and extraction of data by 2 researchers，qualitative analysis was used todescribe the selection of outcome measures in the enrolled studies. Results A total of 578 studies were enrolled，including 574 RCTs with reported trial results and 4 clinical trial registration protocols. A total of 51 508 patients were involved in 574 RCTs. In the inclusion criteria，84 studies limited the classification of disease，and 361 studies limited the TCM syndrome type. 6 studies reported the blinding method，and 6 studies mentioned the follow-up. A total of 4 030 outcome measures were covered and the number of outcome measures in a single article ranged from 1 to 24. According to the functional attributes，the outcome measures were classified into 8 measure domains：TCM symptoms/syndromes，symptoms/signs，physical and chemical tests，quality of life，long-term prognosis，economic evaluation，safety evaluation and others. The measure domain with the highest reporting rate was physical and chemical tests，and the top 5 outcome measure items reported in terms of frequency were：response rate（11.5%），forced expiratory volume in 1 s（FEV1） （7.5%），TCM symptom/syndrome score（7.1%），FEV1/Forced Vital Capacity（FVC） （6.8%），FVC（4.6%）. 4445 studies reported the composition of response rate，and the top 5 measures with reporting rate were symptoms （423），signs （281），TCM syndrome score （203），laboratory tests（89），and pulmonary function（71）. Conclusion The RCTs of oral TCM in the treatment of AECOPD involved a large number and a wide range of outcome measures. The included literature focused on the effects of oral TCM on the symptoms and signs，physical and chemical test indicators，quality of life，long-term prognosis，economic evaluation and safety outcomes of patients with AECOPD in varying degrees. However，the selection of outcome measures remains problematic in multiple ways：unclear prioritization of outcome measures；focusing on clinical endpoints with insufficient attention to clinical endpoints；insufficient attention to health economics indicators；different sources and judgment criterias of reference of response. In the future studies，researchers can design the rational outcome measures by refering to the published core outcome set （COS） to improve the quality of TCM clinical research.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The cultivation of outstanding public health personnel is the strategic component of public health system construction in developed countries. In response to the new coronary pneumonia epidemic, the value and necessity of cultivating outstanding talents in public health in China was highlighted. The research analyzed the problem of training of outstanding talents in public health from the aspects of resource input, training process and system results. The study also puts forward the strategy of cultivating public health talents as national strategic talents, strengthening resource investment, the strict evaluation of admission and development of public health colleges, the cooperative cultivation of outstanding talents under the view of big health, the establishment of a clear and high standard training mode, and the thinking and prospect of talent incentive mechanism, so as to provide suggestions for the cultivation of outstanding talents in public health in China.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-19 Cooperative journals: 《金属学报》
Abstract： HR3C steel is a new type of austenitic heat-resistant steel which has been widely used for superheater and re-heater tubes in the ultra-supercritical (USC) boiler. The mechanical properties of HR3C steel were dependent on the stability of the microstructure, particularly the large amount of precipitates formed during service. The precipitation of s phase in HR3C steel during long-term aging for 2000 h at temperature of 700 and 750 ℃ was investigated by OM, SEM and TEM. The phase calculation method was applied to understand the factors influencing the precipitation. After 1000 h of the aging duration, irregular mass second phase was found to precipitate at the grain boundary, followed by the subsequent increasing and coarsening with time. The constituent elements of the phases were determined as Fe and Cr through SEM equipped with EDS. Further SAED analysis results led to the confirmation that these phases were basically s- FeCr compound. Combined with the prediction made through New PHACOMP method, the microstructure or phase structure in initial state may affect the subsequent precipitation behavior.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Atmospheric Sciences submitted time 2021-10-10 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract： 风灾是新疆危害较重的气象灾害，其灾害的时空分布对风灾防御意义重大。利用 1980— 2019 年新疆 86 县（市）死亡人数、倒塌房屋数、倒塌棚圈数、牲畜死亡数、农作物受灾面积以及风灾 的出现次数 6 种风灾要素数据，通过构建风灾灾损指数，统计检验各类指数的概率密度服从伽玛分 布，并进行灾损等级划分，分析风灾时空分布特征。结果表明：近 40 a 来新疆风灾灾损呈波动性上 升趋势，尤其是 1998 年以后风灾损失呈偏重发生；春季是新疆风灾的高发季节，风灾各要素灾损在 4、5 月占全年的 67%~90%；夏季风灾损失相对春季较小，秋、冬两季风灾损失最小。全疆各县风灾 各要素灾损空间分布表明，南疆风灾发生频次明显多于北疆，农作物受灾面积主要多发、重发在天 山两侧各县，死亡人数特重等级出现在南疆；风灾综合灾损特重、严重 2 个等级的区域主要集中在天 山南麓哈密市至阿克苏地区一带以及喀什地区、和田地区等地，其中阿克苏地区风灾灾损最严重。
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-04-29 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Plant DUR3 homologous protein is a high affinity urea transporter which belongs to the family of sodium/solute symporter family, and plays an important role in the active absorption of exogenous urea and redistribution of endogenous urea by plants. The purpose of this study was to clarify the existence, structure and evolution situation of cotton DUR3 gene. Based on bioinformatics methods, DUR3 genes were identified from Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium raimondii genomic sequences, and then the gene structure, transmembrane domain, motif location, Three DUR3 genes were identified from the A and D subgroup chromosomes of upland cotton and Gossypium raimondii genomic sequences. These 3 cotton DUR3 homologous proteins, like other plant DUR3 homologous proteins, have 15 transmembrane domains and 3 highly conserved motifs with consistent positions. The gene structure analysis showed that the number of exons of DUR3 genes in dicotyledons was significantly higher than that in monocotyledons, and so were the cotton DUR3 genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the different species DUR3 proteins were classified according to species kinship, and cotton clustered in one branch with dicotyledons. The Ka/Ks values of orthologous and paralogous genes of DUR3 were generally more than 1, indicated that those genes mainly experienced positive selection among evolution. The results of this study will provide a theoretical basis for further research on cotton DUR3 homologous protein.
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Resource Sciences >> Basic Disciplines of Environmental Science and Technology submitted time 2018-06-10 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract： 维护生态环境脆弱的西北干旱区绿洲生态安全，是实现区域可持续发展的重要前提。以渭干河-库车河绿洲为研究区，从绿洲生态系统结构、功能、效益三方面构建评价指标体系；运用三角模型，对20052014年该绿洲生态安全状态和趋势进行测算分析；采用灰色关联分析法对影响该绿洲生态安全的因子进行分析。结果表明：①生态系统非结构性指数（NSI）总体呈逐年下降趋势；生态系统非功能性指数（NFI），呈现出波动起伏变化趋势；生态系统效益性指数（BI）总体上呈现持续上升趋势。②在20052014年期间，渭干河-库车河绿洲生态安全经历了不安全-弱安全两个状态，并呈现出逐渐向安全且稳定发展的趋势。③20052014年影响生态渭-库绿洲生态安全的主要因子是水土协调度和造林面积。研究结果将为维持及进一步改善该绿洲生态环境提供科学依据。
Subjects: Computer Science >> Integration Theory of Computer Science submitted time 2018-05-20 Cooperative journals: 《计算机应用研究》
Abstract： In order to improve the accuracy of the scoring prediction and the proposed results, the algorithm is improved to solve the problems existing in the collaborative filtering algorithm. The traditional similarity measure method only considers the user score, which is too simple. Based on the Pearson correlation coefficient, this paper introduces the user's score time and commodity prevalence to weight the user's score , and then combine with the similarity calculation based on the scale of the common score. The new algorithm can make the calculation results more accurate, but also more realistic. The experimental results show that the average absolute error of the new algorithm score is obviously lower than that of Pearson correlation coefficient, and the MAE is reduced by 10%, and the recommended recall rate and coverage rate are also improved. [Limit] But the experiment is only carried out on movie rating data set, with some limitations. This algorithm can improve the accuracy of cooperative filtering algorithm and has certain practical significance.
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