Subjects: Digital Publishing >> New Media submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《中国传媒科技》
Abstract：法制新闻是极其重要的新闻类别,对宣传法律知识以及普及法律内容具有重大指引性。在当前新媒体语境下,法制新闻报道受到挑战,如果仍旧采取传统的报道方式不仅无法提高其有效性,甚至还在一定程度上对受众接受信息造成影响。所以需要加强探究新媒体,并且要从新媒体语境出发,对法制新闻报道加以研究与分析。
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《知识管理论坛》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] This paper systematically reviews the research results on library crowdsourcing in China, and summarizes the current research situation insufficient. Meanwhile, by putting forward the further research direction, it provides certain reference for relevant research in the future. [Method/ process] Selecting the library crowdsourcing research papers in China as the object, it summarized current research topic through the detailed analysis of these objects’ specific content. [Result/conclusion] This paper reveals that: domestic research in this field is mainly focused on library service works crowdsourcing, information resource construction crowdsourcing, librarian crowdsourcing, practical experience introduction of crowdsourcing in foreign libraries and calm reflection on library crowdsourcing and etc. However, most of these studies are staying in the theoretical stage, and lacking of research on empirical and evaluation of implementation effect as well as comparative research and introduction of failed cases. It is necessary to combine with the above shortcomings to conduct deep discussion and research later on, so as to broaden the research perspective and enrich the research contents.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-08-27 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] This paper aims at reviewing and summarizing the historical course of information science, it is of great significance to understand the development process of information science in China in the past 20 years, and can provide reference and guidance for further research.[Method/process] This article took the papers published in Advances in Information Science(Volume 1-11) as research object, and summarized the topics of these papers and the characteristics of each topic by the method of contents analysis. Then, based on the above analysis, it forecasted three development trends of information science in China in the future, including theoretical research, paradigm method and application practice.[Result/conclusion] It is showed that the main topics of those papers in Advances in Information Science are basic theories of information science, information resources management, emerging information technology and so on, each topic presents different characteristics. In the future, intelligent information science will integrate more disciplines knowledge of other subjects, serve the scientific discovery research, national economic construction and national defence security, and provide intellectual support for the construction of new national think tanks.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Timely tracking and analyzing the practice progress of open science at home and abroad can provide decision-making support for science and technology management departments to adjust open science policies and lay out the direction of open science.[Method/process] This paper summarized the status quo of research and practice of open science from four aspects:the conceptual connotation and practical significance of open science, practice progress of open science in abroad, practice progress of open science in domestic and the future development trend of open science.[Result/conclusion] The article believes that, open science is the inevitable choice for knowledge to move from occlusion to innovation. International countries have implemented good practices at multiple aspects, such as planning strategies of open science, open infrastructure, open scientific data, open access journals, etc. China has yet to improve its system planning, cultural construction, degree of openness and brand reputation of open science. Facing the future, open science will develop in the direction of globalization, FAIRization, ecologicalization, and cloudification.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] This paper discusses the related research, implementation and influencing factors of the Scientific Data Management Rule since its promulgation, in order to provide reference for the further implementation of the Scientific Data Management Rule.[Method/process] Firstly, this paper systematically sorted out the relevant research on the Scientific Data Management Rule. Secondly, investigated the implementation of the Scientific Data Management Rule from the perspective of scientific data stakeholders. Thirdly, the positive and negative influencing factors for implementing the Scientific Data Management Rule were analyzed from various aspects. Finally, the paper put forward some strategies to promote the implementation of the Scientific Data Management Rule.[Result/conclusion] At present, the implementation of the Scientific Data Management Rule is mainly carried out by various government departments at all levels, but the overall implementation is not satisfactory. The positive factors of the implementation of the Scientific Data Management Rule are reflected in the following aspects:the value of data is highlighted, the data facilities are improved, the state attaches great importance to it, the government promotes obviously, and the related research is rich. The negative factors are reflected in the weak awareness of scientific data stakeholders, management of relevant institutions is out of order, implementation planning is ambiguous, lack of supervision and incentive mechanisms, and the practice research is insufficient. The implementation of the Scientific Data Management Rule can be promoted by improving existing research suggestions, strengthening the construction of mechanism and system, and improving the intensity of stakeholder cooperation.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-31 Cooperative journals: 《腐蚀科学与防护技术》
Abstract： A treatment process with a complex liquor containing phosphoric and tannic acid was used to pre-treat rusted structural steel so that to enhance the adhesion of applied organic coatings on the rusted structural steel. Adhesion test results showed that this treatment process enhanced the adhesion obviously of several organic coatings (epoxy, acrylic and fluorocarbon coatings) on the pre-treated rusted structural steel, therewith the adhesion of coatings could meet the requirements cited in the relevant coating standards for actual application. Further analysis revealed that the enhancement in adhesion might be attributed to the formation of a conversion film consisted of a dense inner potion and a micro-cracked outer portion instead of the original porous rust scale.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Suicide is the primary cause of adolescent death, and suicide seriously endangers the life security and mental health of human being. Suicidal behavior includes suicidal ideation, suicidal attempt and suicide. Suicidal ideation refers to serious suicidal thoughts of preparing for a fatal, self-directed, and potentially injurious behavior, or refers to the intension to die without specific plans. Suicidal attempt refers to the intension to commit suicide, including the plans for suicide and even committed suicide; they might attempt to attract attention through bodily harm, but not necessarily causing actual harm. However, suicide is self-directed harm or death. According to suicidal theories which were based on the ideation-to-action framework, self-disgust is a key factor for the formation of suicidal ideation. This article reviews theoretical basis, correlation factor and neurophysiological mechanism of disgust induced suicidal behavior, and predicts future research direction. Many recent studies suggested that many psychological problems, including suicide, are caused by patients' disgust to the surroundings and the environment. Disgust is a basic emotion, which is a response to disgustful things, and it is a defensive mechanism to keep people away from spoiled foods or from pollutants to prevent potential diseases, viruses and pollution. However, under heavy burdens and pressures, people would feel depressed and self-disgust, and ultimately lead to despair (extreme self-disgust), resulting in suicidal ideation. Under the condition of having suicidal ability, suicidal ideation would turn to be suicidal attempts, and thus suicide. It is also suggested that early life trauma might be the root for disgust inducing suicidal ideation. And life stress and mental illness might aggravate the induction of disgust to suicide. High-intensity self-disgust has been proved to be the most relevant predictor of suicidal risks in mental illness. Psychoanalysis shows that when people are disgusted by themselves, the aggression behavior induced by disgust would also be directed to themselves, so self-disgust might induce suicide. The neural mechanism of self-disgust inducing suicide may be related to monoamine (including serotonin) and oxytocin. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are related to the stress response system that plays a very important role in disgust-induced suicidal ideation. Besides, self-disgust may be affected by traumatic stresses in early life, current psychological problems and mental diseases, which might lead to the mal-development of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) system, that determines the pattern of stress response in adulthood, including suicide. However, there are still some limitations in current suicide studies. First of all, most studies are still limited to cross-sectional design and cannot compare time factors. Therefore, future studies should adopt vertical design and prospective research. Secondly, since most studies are limited to questionnaire studies, future studies could apply neuroscience technologies, such as neuroimaging and electrophysiology, in investigating the neural mechanisms of suicidal behavior, as well as the psychological and neural mechanisms of suicidal behavior affected by disgust.
Subjects: Psychology >> Other Disciplines of Psychology submitted time 2022-06-09
Abstract：
The death number caused by suicide is increasing, but the psychological mechanism of suicide is not clear. Recent studies have found that disgust might be the major emotional factor leading to suicide, or the reason for people to commit suicide is due to self-disgust. Disgust is a kind of basic emotion that is induced by excreta from oneself or other people. Disgust works to keep the individual away from toxicity and disease, which can be called "immune behavior". Recently, it is found that many psychological problems are resulted from the disgust reactions to surrounding people or environment. Some studies have shown that individuals who commit suicide are very disgustful for themselves, indicating that their disgust emotion is problematic. Just as somatic autoimmunity attacks itself, disgust might lead to attacking behaviors against oneself or suicide. Self-disgust is the key factor of suicidal ideation, and early trauma is the root cause. Life stress and mental illness are involved in that disgust induced suicidal ideation. The neural basis of suicide induced by disgust is related to HPA axis and serotonin system. Future studies might apply neuroscience technologies, such as neuroimaging and electrophysiology, to examine the neural mechanism of suicidal behavior, and to explore the psychological and neural mechanisms of disgust affecting suicidal behaviors.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：瘤胃发酵碳水化合物产生挥发性脂肪酸（VFA），其在瘤胃上皮通过被动扩散、挥发性脂肪酸酸根离子（VFA-）和碳酸氢根（HCO3-）的阴离子交换、硝酸盐敏感性VFA吸收、质子耦合VFA-运输以及电介导途径转运，为反刍动物提供能量；同时VFA会刺激瘤胃上皮发生适应性变化，促进瘤胃乳头生长和增加瘤胃上皮VFA吸收相关的基因表达。本文对VFA在瘤胃上皮的吸收转运机制及瘤胃上皮VFA吸收相关基因进行综述，旨在为进一步研究瘤胃的营养调控提供理论基础
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在采用体外法研究pH与脂多糖（LPS）或组胺（HIS）的交互作用对奶山羊瘤胃上皮细胞紧密连接蛋白mRNA表达量的影响。选用8只体况良好,体重、泌乳量相近的萨能奶山羊作为瘤胃上皮供体。采用3×3双因素试验设计，山羊屠宰后采集瘤胃上皮，插入到尤斯灌流仪器（Ussing chamber）半室中央，在浆膜侧半室加入5 mL缓冲液，黏膜侧加入配制好的不同处理的培养液5 mL，每个处理3个重复。试验1，因素1为pH，分别为7.4、5.5、5.2；因素2为LPS浓度，分别为0、30、60 kEU/mL LPS。试验2，因素1为pH，分别为7.4、5.5、5.2；因素2为HIS浓度，分别为0、0.5、10.0 ng/mL HIS。采集培养80 min后的瘤胃上皮，测定其紧密连接蛋白Claudin-1、Claudin-4、Claudin-7、Occludin、Zonula occludens-1（ZO-1） mRNA表达量。结果显示：1）pH与LPS的交互作用对Claudin-1、Claudin-7、ZO-1 mRNA表达量影响显著（P0.05）。pH 7.4×10.0 ng/mL HIS组Claudin-7 mRNA表达量显著低于pH 7.4×0 ng/mL HIS组（P0.05）。与pH 7.4×0 ng/mL HIS组相比，降低pH或添加LPS有提高ZO-1 mRNA表达量的趋势，且pH 5.2×10.0 ng/mL HIS组显著提高（P<0.05）。结果提示，亚急性瘤胃酸中毒（SARA）发生后，pH与LPS或HIS交互作用于瘤胃上皮，降低瘤胃上皮紧密连接蛋白mRNA表达量，进而增大瘤胃上皮黏膜通透性
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：奶牛养殖的高成本和低效率阻碍着国内奶业发展，图像信息技术可以帮助生产管理者更加客观、有效地评价奶牛健康状况和生产需要，减少动物应激，提高牧场智能化管理水平。本文综述了可见光相机、热成像相机和深度相机的成像原理，评价了奶牛生产中图像信息技术的应用方法和效果，整理了图像可视系统在体重测定、体况评分、动物体温监测、步态评分、采食量测定、卧床行为监测等项目中的研究进展，探讨可视系统在准确率、灵敏度、误差等方面的表现。该技术可以应用于牧场管理者对畜群的日常观察，为日后牧场全自动化建设做准备。
Subjects: Biology >> Ecology submitted time 2018-05-18 Cooperative journals: 《生态学报》
Abstract：克隆整合被认为是克隆植物维持生态优势的重要手段，其通过分株间生理整合缓解资源异质性带来的压力。文章以根状茎克隆植物白夹竹（Phyllostachys bissetii）为研究对象，探讨异质性光照下克隆整合对白夹竹分株根际土壤细菌生物特征的影响。白夹竹克隆片段包含一个近端分株（proximal ramet）和一个远端分株（distal ramet），近端分株或远端分株分别置于80%遮荫环境，另一分株置于全光照环境；同时，分株间根状茎保持连接或割断处理。研究结果表明，不论白夹竹克隆片段近端分株遮荫还是远端分株遮荫，克隆整合均显著促进了遮荫分株根际土壤溶解性有机碳（DOC）含量和微生物生物量碳、氮含量（MBC，MBN）；根状茎连接条件下遮荫分株根际土壤胞外N-乙酰基-β-氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAGase）、脲酶（Urease）活性显著高于根状茎割断处理的遮荫分株；对遮荫分株根际土壤基因组DNA的16S rDNA V3、V4可变区的测序结果表明，可操作分类单元（OTUs）归于13个门，415个属。与根际土壤氮素转化相关的菌群Nitrosomonadaceae（uncultured），Nitrospira，Nitrospinaceae（uncultured），Xanthobacteraceae（uncultured），Bradyrhizobium相对丰度较小（最高值为11.8%）。基于OTUs的主成分分析（PCA）表明，根状茎割断处理并没有对遮荫分株根际土壤细菌生物群落结构产生显著性影响。克隆整合显著促进了遮荫分株根际土壤C有效性，进而刺激了微生物调控的土壤有机质（SOM）周转过程。克隆整合对异质生境下克隆植物土壤细菌生物特征的影响可能部分解释了克隆植物的生态优势。
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preclinical Medicine submitted time 2017-12-07 Cooperative journals: 《南方医科大学学报》
Abstract： Objective To investigate the effect of losartan in regulating oxidative stress and the underlying mechanism in mice with ventilator-induced lung injury. Methods Thirty-six male C57 mice were randomly divided into control group, losartan treatment group, mechanical ventilation model group, and ventilation plus losartan treatment group. After the corresponding treatments, the lung injuries in each group were examined and the expressions of caveolin-1 and NOX4 in the lung tissues were detected. Results The mean Smith score of lung injury was significantly higher in mechanical ventilation model group (3.3) than in the control group (0.4), and losartan treatment group (0.3); the mean score was significantly lowered in ventilation plus losartan treatment group (2.3) compared with that in the model group (P<0.05). The expressions of caveolin-1 and NOX4 were significantly higher in the model group than in the control and losartan treatment groups (P<0.05) but was obviously lowered after losartan treatment (P<0.05). Co-expression of caveolin-1 and NOX4 in the lungs was observed in the model group, and was significantly decreased after losartan treatment. Conclusions Losartan can alleviate ventilator-induced lung injury in mice and inhibit the expression of caveolin-1 and NOX4 and their interaction in the lungs
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preclinical Medicine submitted time 2017-12-07 Cooperative journals: 《南方医科大学学报》
Abstract： Objective To observe epithelial-mesenchymal phenotypes and oxidative stress related protein expressions of the liver cells in a rat model of liver fibrosis induced by bile duct ligation and recanalization. Methods Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomized into 4 groups, including a sham-operated group, two bile duct ligation groups with ligation for 2 and 4 weeks, and a bile duct ligation group with a 2-week ligation followed by a 2-week recanalization. HE staining and Masson staining were used to assess liver fibrosis in the rats, and immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were employed to detect expressions of the epithelial and mesenchymal marker proteins and oxidative stress-related proteins. Results Compared with the sham-operated group, the rats with bile duct ligation showed obvious liver fibrosis, which worsened as the ligation time extended, accompanied by significantly increased expression of α-SMA, collagen I, NOX4 and vimetin and reduced E-cadherin expression. Compared with the rats with bile duct ligation for 4 weeks, the rats in bile duct ligation-recanalization group showed obviously lessened liver fibrosis, significantly lowered expressions of NOX4 and mesenchymal cell maker proteins, and enhanced expressions of epithelial cell marker proteins. Conclusion Bile duct ligation up-regulates mesenchymal phenotype-related proteins and NOX4 protein expression and down-regulates the expression of epithelial phenotype-related proteins, and these changes can be reversed by subsequent bile duct recanalization.
Subjects: Dynamic and Electric Engineering >> Engineering Thermophysics submitted time 2017-11-07 Cooperative journals: 《工程热物理学报》
Abstract：本文介绍的小型液氮零蒸发系统主要由脉冲管制冷机、低温热虹吸管和小型液氮杜瓦等部件组成。其既可以用于低温液体的长期无损存储，也可以作为一种稳定可靠的复合式低温冷源;具有超长寿命、温度均匀稳定、无需补液以及隔离振动和电磁干扰等优点。文中简要介绍了该套小型零蒸发系统的结构设计与热设计，重点对该系统的运行特性进行了初步分析和实验研究，包括启动过程、运行动态、稳态平衡以及变工况运行等，掌握了低温液体零蒸发系统的运行规律。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-11 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究地顶孢霉培养物对大鼠生长性能、血清与肝脏抗氧化以及免疫指标的影响。选用体重相近的SD大鼠40只，随机分成5组，每组8个重复，每个重复1只大鼠。5组分别是对照组和4个不同地顶孢霉培养物剂量组(10、50、250和1 250 mg/kg BW组)，连续灌胃21 d。结果表明：地顶孢霉培养物极显著提高大鼠的平均日增重（P<0.01）；提高了大鼠肝脏指数、胸腺指数；提高了大鼠血清中总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（ALB）、球蛋白（GLB）和葡萄糖（GLU）含量，降低了谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）活力和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）含量；提高了血清和肝脏中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活力和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC），降低丙二醛（MDA）含量，同时提高了肝脏中的总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）含量；提高了血清免疫球蛋白A、免疫球蛋白G和免疫球蛋白M含量，同时提高血清和肝脏中白介素-4（IL-4）含量，降低白介素-1b（IL-1b）和白介素-17（IL-17）含量。综合各项指标，地顶孢霉培养物能够提高SD大鼠平均日增重，改善血清生化指标，提高大鼠机体抗氧化能力和免疫能力，其中以250 mg/kg BW的添加量为最佳。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-11 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究地顶孢霉培养物（ATC）对奶牛粗饲料瘤胃降解参数和微生物区系的影响。试验选用体重650 kg左右，装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的健康荷斯坦奶牛3头，采用3´3拉丁方试验设计。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组饲喂基础饲粮分别添加15（低剂量组）和30 g/（d·头）ATC的试验饲粮（高剂量组）；试验共3期，每期27 d，其中预试期15 d，正试期12 d。测定羊草、玉米青贮、苜蓿的瘤胃降解参数和瘤胃微生物区系的变化。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，高剂量组能够显著提高玉米青贮干物质的有效降解率和慢速降解部分的降解速率（P0.05）。2）与对照组相比，高剂量组显著提高了瘤胃中原虫数量及黄色瘤胃球菌、白色瘤胃球菌和普雷沃氏菌的相对含量（P<0.05），试验组显著提高了反刍兽新月单胞菌的相对含量（P<0.05），但高剂量组显著降低了产琥珀酸丝状杆菌的相对含量（P<0.05）。因此，本试验条件下，ATC能够调节奶牛部分瘤胃微生物的菌群数量并提高粗饲料的瘤胃降解率，其中以30 g/（d·头）添加量为宜。
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2016-11-14 Cooperative journals: 《中国腐蚀与防护学报》
Abstract：本文利用一种新的盐溶液-蒸汽模拟技术，在过量CO2的气氛环境中模拟生成孔雀石等锈蚀产物，并利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、X-射线衍射仪、拉曼光谱仪等现代材料表征仪器，系统表征了锈蚀产物的微观组织和化学成分等。研究分析了在不同过量CO2的气氛环境下的青铜表面生成锈蚀产物的特征及其生长机理，为古代青铜器的保护提供了科学建议。
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