Subjects: Psychology >> Other Disciplines of Psychology submitted time 2024-04-23
Abstract： With the rapid development of economy and society, human beings have put forward higher requirements for the living environment. Environmental conditions are closely related to human psychological activities,have a direct impact on human physical and mental health and economic benefits by intervening in human physical and mental health and economic benefits. Environmental psychology is committed to studying the relationship between environment and human system, exploring the law between people’s thinking, behavior and emotion and environmental materials in different social cultures and environments, and reveals the relationship between human activities and their surrounding environment, so as to seek a sustainable model of mutual adaptation to human and the environment. In order to explore the development of environmental psychology This paper puts to use CNKI database as the research object, uses CiteSpace bibliometry to objectively analyze the relevant literature of environmental psychology, and discusses the research status, research popular projects and development trend of environmental psychology. The results show that: 1) environmental psychology will continue to develop in the direction of people-oriented and steadily embark on the road of humanization, emotional value and spiritual experience; 2) the relevant theories and methods of environmental psychology will be applied to landscape design to optimize environmental quality and promote the coordinated development between people and environment; 3) environmental psychology examines people’s psychological quality and psychological problems under different social environment conditions, which can provide a reference value for improving ideological education and maintaining mental health.
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submitted time 2024-04-03 Cooperative journals: 《农业图书情报学报》
Abstract： [Purpose/Significance] Identifying potential technological opportunities will help countries and enterprises seize scientific and technological opportunities, which is particularly important for innovation entities to enhance their core competitiveness and gain competitive advantages in scientific and technological innovation and application. A systematic review of existing research is provided on technology opportunity identification, discriminating current limitations and research prospects to provide theoretical support for further research and practice on technology opportunity identification. [Method/Process] This paper first clarifies the connotation and types of technology opportunities, and the research holds that technology opportunities can be divided into three types: emerging technology, blank technology and fusion technology. It then sorts out the research status of three different types of technology opportunity identification at home and abroad through literature review, and focuses on the summary of the characteristics of different types of technology opportunity identification. It includes the core ideas, main methods, representative literature, and each type of data sources, and evaluates the existing research results. Finally, the limitations of the current research, and the development direction of future are discussed. [Results/Conclusions] Diversified types of technology opportunity identification are found and rich research methods are used in the literature, and a relatively standardized and systematic research paradigm has come into being. By analyzing each type of technology opportunity, some common elements can be found, including representative methods, method principles, data sources, knowledge representation units, technology opportunity definitions, technology opportunity evaluation, advantages and disadvantages, and other characteristics. The main limitations of the existing research are summarized as follows. First, the existing research is primarily carried out from a single perspective view, and a complete system of cross-domain technology identification and reference methods has not yet been formed. Second, in terms of data sources, most of the data sources of technology opportunity identification are papers or patent data, and there is a lack of research on the integration of multi-source data and study on multiple relationships. In terms of identification methods, the representative technology is primarily at a macro or micro level, and the semantic relationship between words is seldom considered. Finally, in terms of post-evaluation, there is a lack of a comprehensive and systematic evaluation system. The possible research work in the future may focus on the following aspects: cross-field and cross-topic technology opportunity identification to achieve cross convergence among more technology elements will become the development trend; more diversified and targeted data sources, research methods, and research content are expected; the analysis framework and process will be more standardized, and the post-evaluation system will be improved.
Subjects: Digital Publishing >> New Media submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《中国传媒科技》
Abstract：【目的】关注技术时代人们的生存境况，展现人技交涉的日常图景和具体细节，反思人与技术的关系。【方法】文章以豆瓣反技术依赖小组为研究对象，以组内发帖为研究资料，以话语分析为研究方法，在线考察网络社群抵抗技术的话语和想象，展陈他们抵抗技术的在地实践，解读其赋予抗争行动的意涵。【结果】研究发现个体不仅能察觉技术体系对自身及个人生活的渗透、侵蚀和异化，还能反身性地审视技术的影响和人技关系，主动探寻抵抗技术依赖的具体战术。【结论】技术抵抗的话语想象是糅合具身经验、传媒话语和学术理论的混合物，为实施抗争行动构建了合法语境和合理逻辑。反技术依赖的在地实践是一场涉及话语讨论、媒介铭刻和具身行动的自我救赎。
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] The social capital of users in social question and answer (SQA) is influenced by many factors. This paper aims to explore the differences in the impact of different health information behaviors of SQA users with their social capital.[Method/process] Taking 1 650 users as the research objects, who were selected from 2 537 problems and 3 567 answers of diabetes topic in Zhihu. This study applied L. Nan's social capital theory framework and N. Uphoff's classification of social capital, divided the user's social capital on SQA into cognitive social capital and structural social capital. And then, we analyzed the relationship between user's health information behavior on SQA and social capital by the method of multiple linear regression.[Result/conclusion] The results show that user's information contribution behavior and information disclosure behavior positively promote the accumulation of social capital in varying degrees, while different information acquisition behaviors have different effects on cognitive social capital and structural social capital. These results help SQA users improve social capital, as well as the platform can improve user service and incentives.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] The identification and analysis of policy tools is one of the important methods of policy research. However, the identification of policy tools is mostly manual. In this article, we attempt to use deep learning methods to automatically identify policy tools, aiming at improving the efficiency of policy tool identification. [Method/process] We designed and implemented the policy tool automatic identification experimental process of "Policy data collection and cleaning-policy tool manual indexing-model training-result interpretation". We take the open government data policies of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Guiyang as an example to compare the performance of traditional machine learning methods and deep learning methods on the task of identifying policy tools. In addition, we have proposed to integrate policy global information to identify policy tools in each paragraph, and our experiments have proved the effectiveness of the idea. [Result/conclusion] The deep learning model CNN achieves an accuracy of 76.51% on the full test data, and the CNN model that integrates global information achieves an accuracy of 77.13%. When evaluating the high-confident results of the model, we find that the model achieves an accuracy of 95.44% on 55.63% of the test data, which has reached the practical requirements. This shows that more than half of the data can be indexed with the model’s high-confidence results without manual review. Deep learning methods have been applied to the automatic identification of policy tools and has achieved good results. It could help to improve the efficiency of policy tool labeling and provide positive experience for the automatic identification of policy tools with big data. And it provides a positive experience for automatic identification of policy tools with large data volumes.
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2019-09-28
Abstract： Brain imaging studies have found that the athletes engaged in racquet sports showed different brain structure and function based on expert-novice paradigm. However, the present findings cannot fully interpret the role of sport experience in brain plasticity. For example, it is still not clear whether such differences in brain structure are due to training experience or innate differences. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether young adults' brain structures are influenced by a short period of badminton training experience. A group of young adults (23 ~ 27 years) without any professional or amateur sports training were recruited to take part in the experiment. They were randomly divided into either the experimental group (21 non-athletes) or the control group (17 non-athletes). Participants in the experimental group were trained for 12 weeks (one hour each time and three times each week), and participants in the control group did not attend any regular sport trainings during this period. Structure imaging and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) techniques were used to assess the effects of badminton training on the brain structural plasticity in young adults. T1 images and DTI data for all participants were collected before and after the intervention. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) were used to perform a whole-brain analysis of the T1 and DTI data respectively. A 2 (participant group: experimental group, control group) × 2 (test time: pretest, posttest) repeated measure ANOVA was used to perform statistical analysis. The results showed that there were significant interactions between participant group and test time for the gray matter volume in the left inferior occipital lobe, middle temporal gyrus and inferior temporal gyrus. Specifically, participants in the experiment group exhibited increased gray matter volume in the above brain regions after the training, whilst participants in the control group showed decreased gray matter volume in the left middle temporal gyrus at posttest as compared to pretest. Furthermore, for the participants in the control group, there were no significant differences between pretest and posttest in the volume of left inferior occipital lobe and inferior temporal gyrus. In relation with the white matter microstructures, the experiment group had increased fractional anisotropy (FA) in the bilateral posterior limb of internal capsule and the superior corona radiate in posttest as compared to pretest. And the increased FA was induced by decreased radial diffusivity (RD). In contrast, the control group had decreased FA and increased RD in the above fibers at posttest relative to pretest. Taken together, these results suggest that badminton training increased the gray matter volume in the brain regions related to visual motion perception processing and increased the myelin sheath thickness of the fibers associated with motor learning. These results imply that in early adulthood, the gray matter and white matter of the brain might have plasticity to some extent.
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-23 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在探讨断奶时间对不同日龄湖羊羔羊瘤胃形态及表皮生长相关基因表达的影响。采用两因子试验设计，设断奶时间和羔羊日龄2个因子。选择初生重[（3.51±0.57） kg]接近的54只湖羊羔羊，28日龄时随机屠宰6只后按照同质性原则将剩余48只湖羊分为28日龄断奶组[（8.21±0.97） kg]和56日龄断奶组[（8.06±0.53） kg]，分别在42、56、70和84日龄从2组中各随机挑选6只羔羊进行屠宰。采集瘤胃腹囊组织样品测定瘤胃乳头长度、宽度和肌层厚度，提取瘤胃组织总RNA测定表皮生长相关基因表达量。结果表明：28日龄断奶组羔羊瘤胃乳头长度和宽度显著高于56日龄断奶组羔羊（P＜0.05），瘤胃肌层厚度显著低于56日龄断奶组羔羊（P＜0.05）。断奶时间和羔羊日龄之间的交互作用对瘤胃乳头长度和肌层厚度有显著影响（P＜0.05）。28日龄断奶组羔羊瘤胃上皮胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白（IGFBP）3、IGFBP5和IGFBP6表达量显著高于56日龄断奶组（P＜0.05）。羔羊瘤胃乳头长度与转化生长因子β（TGFβ）1和IGFBP6表达量呈显著负相关（R=-0.318，P=0.001；R=-0.520，P<0.001）；瘤胃乳头宽度与TGFβ1表达量呈显著负相关（R=-0.275，P=0.004），与IGFBP3和IGFBP5表达量呈显著正相关（R=0.344，P<0.001；R=0.256，P=0.001）。综上所述，28日龄断奶促进湖羊羔羊瘤胃乳头发育，瘤胃表皮生长相关基因,可能参与羔羊瘤胃早期发育的调控。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-10 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究断奶时间及日龄变化对湖羊羔羊肌肉中脂肪酸组成的影响。试验选取体重[（3.51±0.57） kg]接近、健康状况良好的54只初生湖羊公羔，饲养至28日龄后屠宰6只。将剩余的48只按照同质性原则分为28日龄断奶组[（8.21±0.97） kg]和56日龄断奶组[（8.06±0.53） kg],每组24只。2组在42、56、70、84日龄分别屠宰6只，屠宰后测定羔羊背最长肌脂肪酸组成和瘤胃中氢化菌含量的影响。结果表明：1）56日龄断奶组肌肉中大部分脂肪酸的含量高于28日龄断奶组；随着日龄的增长羔羊肌肉中脂肪酸的含量逐渐升高，种类变得越来越多。2）70日龄时，28日龄断奶组的瘤胃中溶纤维丁酸弧菌含量显著高于56日龄断奶组（P<0.05）；56日龄断奶组溶纤维丁酸弧菌的含量在42日龄时显著高于70和84日龄（P<0.05）。由此可见，与28日龄断奶相比，羔羊在56日龄断奶更利于肌肉中脂肪酸的沉积。
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