Subjects: Psychology >> Management Psychology Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2020-02-25
Abstract： Multicultural experience is a double-edged sword in the context of globalization. It could provide ample cultural resources, help open minds and foster receptiveness to foreign cultures; meanwhile, it could also increase intergroup threat, tax cognition load, and further lead to negative emotions and resistant responses. The complex influences of multicultural experience highlight the importance of the ability to manage properly and deploy flexibly of context-appropriate cultural knowledge. However, most of the existing theories on cultural competence were proposed in the early period of global study, unable to meet the new challenges brought about by globalization. To shed light on the key elements to improve intercultural effectiveness, we reconstructed multicultural competence from the perspective of polyculturalism (i.e., emphasizing the hybridity of culture), and proposed the central role meta-knowledge (i.e., the knowledge of cultural knowledge) play in improving intercultural effectiveness. We developed a line of studies to examine the new model of multicultural competence, test its role in cross-cultural collaboration, and recover its underlying mechanism. Through these studies, we hope to deepen the understanding of globalization, and provide theoretical guidance for cross-cultural collaboration in a global environment. "
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Mathematics >> Modeling and Simulation Subjects: Biology >> Biomathematics submitted time 2020-02-25
Abstract： Here we report the analysis of epidemic data from Jan. 20th to Feb. 16th, 2020 in 24 provinces in China, whose total infected cases are larger than 100 till 02/16/2020, as well as 16 cities in Hubei province (the most severely affected area) except Shennongjia, based on dynamical models and automatical algorithms for parameter optimization. We forecast the COVID-19 epidemics in most provinces in China will end up soon before February 29th, while those for Hubei province (except Wuhan city) will be closed by the middle of March. The epidemic in Wuhan will continue to the beginning of April. And we suggest further close attentions should be paid to six provides, including Heilongjiang, Hebei, Jiangxi, Anhui, Guizhou and Sichuan, as well as six different cities, including Wuhan, Jingzhou, Ezhou, Suizhou, Tianmen and Enshi, in Hubei province. Moreover, it is hinted that clustering infection might be happened in Tianjin, Hebei, Chongqing, Sichuan, Hainan and Guangxi provides, and many cities inside Hubei province during the spreading of COVID-19, which needs further validation by epidemiological investigations in the future.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Management Psychology submitted time 2020-02-25
Abstract： The innovation process can be conceptualized as encompassing two stages: idea generation and idea implementation. However, to date, more early research has been focused on the idea generation stage, and these two subfields still remain stubbornly disconnected from one another. To integrate these two disparate subfields and advance our comprehensive understanding of the innovation process, the current study relied on self-determination theory and Yale attitude change approach to examine the effect of intrinsic motivational orientation of idea generators on idea quality, and further tested the effect of idea quality, rewards of the idea generators, and their interaction on idea implementation. To test the hypotheses in the proposed model, we collected data from 251 idea generators, 7 idea evaluators and the manager of an innovative proposal project at 3 different time points in a large financial company. In the first wave, 440 ideas proposed by 440 idea generators were recorded. In the second wave, all of the idea generators were invited to complete a questionnaire, including demographic information and intrinsic motivational orientation, and the number of valid questionnaires was 251; moreover, 7 in-house experts assessed the idea generators and the quality of each idea. Approximately six months later, the manager of this project reported the implementation degree of all of the ideas. Our hypotheses were examined using SPSS 22.0. By analyzing the multi-time and multi-source data, it was found in this study that: (1) intrinsic motivational orientation of the idea generators has a significantly positive effect on idea quality; (2) idea quality further facilitates idea implementation; (3) rewards of the idea generators positively influences idea implementation; and (4) idea quality and rewards of the idea generators interact to predict idea implementation. The findings presented here contribute to innovation literature in the following ways. First, this study tracks the innovation process from idea generation to idea implementation, bridging the theoretical divide between creativity research and idea implementation research. Second, this study clarifies the positive effect of intrinsic motivational orientation on idea quality, which is a beneficial supplement to, and promotion of the existing research on the relationship between intrinsic motivation and creativity. Third, Yale attitude change theory was introduced into idea implementation research, which not only expanded the application scope of this theory, but also enriched theoretical perspectives of idea implementation research.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Biology >> Virology submitted time 2020-02-25
Xia, Jia
Lu, Guoliang
Lu, Jing
Zhang, Jiahui
Feng, Lin
Wang, Bing
Yu, Hang
Xu, Yingjie
Lin, Jinzhong
Abstract： Frequent outbreaks of coronavirus make the development of an effective vaccine imperative. Recently, vaccines based on in-vitro transcribed messenger RNA (mRNA) have shown great potential. The streamlined manufacturing of mRNA molecules, combined with the superior flexibility in the antigen screening, greatly accelerates the development process. When using an mRNA platform to develop a vaccine, initial antigen choice plays a crucial role in determining the final efficacy and safety of the vaccine. Furthermore, mRNA sequences that encode antigens require extensive optimization to ensure highly efficient and sustained expression. Our ongoing efforts to develop an effective mRNA vaccine against 2019-nCoV place emphasis on the virus-like particles (VLPs) as the presenting antigen. At the same time, our second fast track uses mRNA to express the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein(S-RBD). After extensive optimization, an mRNA cocktail containing three genes is able to produce 2019-nCoV virus-like particles highly similar to the native 2019-nCoV. Meanwhile, an mRNA vaccine candidate expressing S-RBD is being tested in mice for its immunogenicity. We will next compare both the efficacy and the safety of the two mRNA vaccines based on S-RBD and VLPs, respectively.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Military Medicine and Special Medicine submitted time 2020-02-25
Abstract： Special medicine is based on the basic principles and technical methods of medicine to solve the special medical problems involved in the fields including aviation and aerospace medicine, navigation and diving medicine, plateau medicine, deep well medicine, occupational disease and so on. It is a task-driven medical field, which has the characteristics of strict screening conditions, tight time and task limitation, and special environment will induce a variety of psychological and physiological problems, thus deriving unique medical support demands. Aromatherapy is a kind of natural therapy different from traditional medicine, it based on the special feature of aroma molecules. good permeability, fast metabolism, no retention and little toxicity. Natural aromatic molecules can directly stimulate olfactory nerve to regulate brain function through blood-brain barrier to release emotion, improve cognition and keep health.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Physics >> Interdisciplinary Physics and Related Areas of Science and Technology Subjects: Biology >> Virology submitted time 2020-02-25
Abstract： 由于春运出湖北省高峰和全国各地管控开始之间的时间差，使得在这个时间段内，除湖北外的国内地区是个输入一代到感染二代之间独立自然连续传播体系。基于此，我们使用正态分布的线性叠加来拟合全国除湖北外每日新增的数据，简单模型预测和实际新增结果的高度吻合验证了除湖北外是个近似理想系统。拟合计算得到的新冠病毒可再生系数R0=2.2，一代到二代的峰值传播时间是7天。我们还讨论了偏离理想传播体系的原因并分析了一些省的特殊情况。
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preclinical Medicine Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Other Disciplines of Medicine and Pharmacology submitted time 2020-02-25
Abstract： The 2019 novel coronavirus has killed 2596 globally since the outbreak began in December 2019 and more than 11,000 patients are still in severe conditions. The virus and medical conditions caused by the virus were named as SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. Although antiviral, symptomatic, and functionally supportive treatments have been applied, more than 100 patients die each day from infection with the virus. The most common deadly complication of COVID-19 is acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). SARS-CoV-2 infection may become pandemic. ARDS is caused by various similar viruses, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and influenza viruses. Thus, strategies for decreasing the mortality of virus-initiated ARDS are needed at the urgent, long-term, and broad levels. ARDS was previously referred to as wet lungs with vascular leaking, which described the clinical manifestations and chest computed tomography images of COVID-19-ARDS. Determining from where and how water is leaking into the lungs will lead to the development of mechanism-based management strategies for reducing mortality. These approaches can be used to prevent and stop water leakage from the pulmonary capillary into the lung interstitial space. For mild and moderate cases, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as those used for rheumatoid arthritis, may be useful for preventing and deceasing this water leakage. Administration of immunosuppressants, such as sirolimus and tacrolimus, may stagger the peak times of injuries caused by viral infection, immune response, and non-immune inflammation to decrease the extent of water leakage and prevent life-threatening conditions. Using anti-flame (Qing-Huo) Chinese herbs may also be useful. For severe case, blood dialysis can be an effective strategy for eliminating most inflammatory mediators and cytotoxic substances.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
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