Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract: The COVID-19 epidemic in 2020 is an emergency public health event rapidly spreading and hard to prevent and control, causing catastrophic loss of life and almost paralyzing the society. In the absence of specific antiviral drugs and vaccines, China has effectively curbed the spread of COVID-19 by taking non-medical intervention actions decisively and precisely, with the multidepartmental collaborations and involvement of all communities and individuals. However, in the process of combating the epidemic, problems and shortcomings have also been clearly shown in the disease control system and the emergency response system. This review tried to address the weaknesses and issues presented in the COVID-19 epidemic regarding the current system of disease prevention and control, laws and regulations related to public health, and public health emergency management. Also, detailed recommendations were made, including the reform of the CDC system, the development of science and technology, as well as the boost of public health professionals training.
Subjects: Psychology >> Psychological Measurement Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preventive Medicine and Hygienics submitted time 2022-12-06
Abstract:
Objective Simplify health literacy scales and conduct psychometric tests in Chinese cohorts. Methods A total of 7449 residents were included in the evaluation of the scale, and the data were randomly generated into 2 data sets for de Results A 9-item version of the scale (HLS-SF9) and a 4-item version of the scale (HLS-SF4) were simplified using CTT and the Mokken model, respectively.The Cronbach’s α coefficients of HLS-SF9 and HLS-SF4 were 0.913 and 0.842, HLS-SF4 was tested for one common factor by exploratory factor analysis(EFA), and the results of the confirmatory factor analysis(CFA) of HLS-SF9 showed that all the fitness indicators of its three-dimension model were excellent. And there was a significant positive correlation between the Perceived Social Support Scale and the Family Health Scale Short-Form as the calibration scale (r=0.367, p<0.001; r=0.292, p<0.001) (r=0.340, p<0.001; r=0.266, p<0.001), indicating good empirical validity. At the same time, HLS-SF9 and HLS-SF4 are highly consistent with the content measured by the original version of the scale. Conclusions The simplified Health Literacy Scales have good reliability and validity, and are reliable and effective tools for quickly assessing the health literacy of Chinese people.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2022-11-23 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract:
This study outlines statistical methods and practical steps for the design and development of valid and reliable questionnaires within the primary health care domain. A series of studies on questionnaire development and scale design are reviewed and a standard process for scale design within the primary care domain is developed. The process addresses key practical steps in the scale design process as well as statistical methods, and is illustrated by examples from previous relevant studies within the field. We suggest the following seven-step approach to primary health care questionnaire development: (1) defining the conceptions to be measured; (2) generating the pool of items; (3) selecting the scoring system and response format; (4) pretesting (assessing content validity and face validity, etc.); (5) eliminating items by item analysis; (6) initial evaluation of the scale, including reliability evaluation of the scale, and factor analysis or Rasch analysis; (7) re-evaluation of the scale, which reexamines the nature of the scale, including retest reliability and construct validity. In general, scale design type of studies should strictly follow the standard steps of scale development, and the integrated use of Rasch model and factor analysis will make the results of measurement more objective.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2022-08-17 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract: General practice research often pays attention not only to the physical health of patients, professional competence of doctors, and the quality of medical services, but also to the spiritual feelings of patients, motivation of doctors to practice, and the cooperation between doctors and patients. However, these are not resolved well only using quantitative research which is still dominated in the field of general practice. Mixed methods research which integrates qualitative and quantitative research, combining the advantages of both, can analyze specific problems more broadly and in depth, and increase the generalizability of research results, which is suitable for studying complex problems. However, the application of mixed methods research in general practice is still limited in China, and the standardization of its design and implementation needs to be improved. Therefore, this paper plans to introduce the key points in the design and implementation of mixed methods research from methodological lence, combining theory with practice, so as to provide reference for general practitioners who intend to carry out mixed methods research.