Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2024-05-14 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background There are a large number of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD） and bronchiectasis in China，which are chronic respiratory diseases with high morbidity and mortality. Bronchiectasis-COPD overlap syndrome（BCOS）is a special clinical subtype，but it is easy to be ignored. Infection often contributes to their acute exacerbation，but related etiological studies are relatively scarce. Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance characteristics of pathogens in bronchiectasis patients without and with COPD，and to compare the differences between them. So as to provide references for rational use of antimicrobial agents. Methods A total of 584 patients with bronchiectasis who were hospitalized in the Department of Pulmonary and Critial Care Medicine of Ma'anshan People's Hospital from January 2016 to January 2023 were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether they combined with COPD or not： BE group（335 cases without COPD）and BCOS group（249 cases with COPD）. A retrospective analysis was performed on the composition，antimicrobial susceptibility results and changes of pathogens on patients，and analyze the difference of distribution and drug resistance between the two groups. Results A total of 299 strains were isolated from 584 patients with bronchiectasis， 146 strains from BE group，among them，Gram-negative bacilli 87 strains（59.59 %），Gram-positive bacteria 3 strains （2.05%），Mycobacterium 9 strains（6.16%），Fungus 47 strains（32.19%）. Meanwhile，153 strains from BCOS group， among them，Gram-negative bacilli 80 strains（52.29%），Gram-positive bacteria 1 strains（0.65%），Mycobacterium 2 strains（1.31%），Fungus 70 strains（45.75%）. The composition ratio of Candida albicans were significantly higher in BCOS group than BE group（χ2 =5.274，P=0.022）. The resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to imipenem in BE group and BCOS group were 10.64%，25.53%，piperacillin tazobactam 6.98%，15.91%，ciprofloxacin 12.77%，21.28%，amicacin 2.13%， 2.13%，respectively. The resistance rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae to imipenem were 0，14.29%，piperacillin tazobactam 0， 14.29%，ciprofloxacin 15.38%，35.71%，amikacin 0，7.14%，respectively. The resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ampicillin/sulbactam in BCOS group was significantly lower than that in BE group（P=0.026）. The isolation rates of ESBLs#2;producing enterobacteriaceae（χ2 =4.357，P=0.037）and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in BCOS group were higher than BE group（χ2 =5.593，P=0.018）. From 2016 to 2022，the isolation strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients with bronchiectasis was the highest，and showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. The isolation strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae increased significantly in 2021 and 2022，second only to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The isolation strains of Mycobacterium from 2020 to 2022 and Aspergillus from 2021 to 2022 showed an upward trend. Conclusion As a special phenotype，BCOS has its own characteristics of pathogen distribution and drug resistance，which deserves attention. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common pathogen isolated from patients with bronchiectasis and BCOS currently. In recent years，the isolation strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae is second only to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The detection of Mycobacterium and Aspergillus has significantly higher than before，which should be taken seriously，especially in BE patients.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-10-09 Cooperative journals: 《心理学报》
Abstract： A considerable number of studies have discussed the association between childhood maltreatment and empathy, but the results have been mixed. Theoretically, there are four main arguments regarding the association between childhood maltreatment and empathy. Attachment theory suggests that childhood maltreatment predisposes individuals to an insecure attachment style that is detrimental to empathy development. The facial feedback hypothesis and “like-me” hypothesis suggest that neglected children have fewer opportunities to imitate others’ facial expressions, and show deficits in empathy. However, the perception-action model argues that individuals with childhood maltreatment are more likely to empathize with others who have traumatic experiences, while the Russian doll model implies that the association between childhood maltreatment and empathy may not be linear. Empirically, current research has reported an inconsistent correlation between childhood maltreatment and empathy, with r values ranging from −0.451 to 0.86. Therefore, the present meta-analysis aimed to estimate the extent to which childhood maltreatment is associated with empathy and whether these associations vary depending on the study or sample characteristics such as the type of childhood maltreatment, gender, and age. A systematic literature review was conducted using Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PubMed, PsycARTICLES, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), CSTJD (China Science and Technology Journal Database) and WFD (Wan Fang Data). Three-level meta-analyses were performed using R to synthesize the effect sizes and conduct moderator analyses. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger's regression tests. No significant publication bias was observed in any of the studies. A total of 46 studies (N = 23039 participants) producing 352 effect sizes were included. The results showed that the correlation between childhood maltreatment and empathy was significantly negative but only to a small extent (r = −0.076, 95% CI −0.117, −0.035 ). Moderator analysis revealed that the association between childhood maltreatment and empathy was moderated by the type of childhood maltreatment. The association between childhood maltreatment and empathy was stronger for physical neglect (r = −0.095) and emotional neglect (r = −0.128) than for physical abuse (r = 0.005). Furthermore, the association between childhood maltreatment and empathy was moderated by the dimensions of empathy. Specifically, the association between childhood maltreatment and empathy was negative for perspective-taking (r = −0.127), fantasy (r = −0.044), and empathic concern (r = −0.148), but positive for personal distress (r = 0.153). In addition, the mean age of the participants moderated the association between childhood maltreatment and empathy, with the mean age predicting a reduced negative association between childhood maltreatment and empathy (β = 0.004). However, the percentage of females did not moderate the observed association, which may indicate consistency in the association between childhood maltreatment and empathy across genders. The results supported the attachment theory, the facial feedback hypothesis, the "like-me" hypothesis, the perception-action model, and the Russian doll model, suggesting that the association between childhood maltreatment and empathy was complicated. These findings not only deepen our understanding of the association between childhood maltreatment and empathy but also produce meaningful practical implications for future research and intervention program design regarding how to promote the development of empathy.
Subjects: Digital Publishing >> New Media submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《中国传媒科技》
Abstract：新媒体时代,报纸记者工作环境发生了巨大变化,对报纸记者提出了全新的、更高的要求,也意味着报纸记者工作实践中需进行必要的角色融合和重新定位,积极探寻创新型的发展道路,才能实现可持续发展。本文主要以新媒体时代报纸记者角色融合与定位为主题展开分析,从新媒体时代报纸记者角色的转变切入,在探讨新媒体时代报纸记者角色融合发展策略的基础上,深入分析了新媒体时代报纸记者角色定位,旨在为报纸记者未来持续发展提供一些具有参考价值的理论依据。
Subjects: Digital Publishing >> New Media submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《中国传媒科技》
Abstract：开放出版已成为学术出版的大趋势。本文在明确开放出版的重要意义的基础上,比较国内外开放出版发展的现状,针对我国开放出版事业发展中的不足提出若干建议。希望通过强化从业人员开放共享意识,探索可持续发展的商业模式,着力提升期刊学术影响力,有效推进开放出版进程。
Subjects: Digital Publishing >> New Media submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《中国传媒科技》
Abstract：现阶段,我国科技期刊普遍存在发行量少、影响力偏低等现象。如何借助新媒体技术在数字化出版进程中改善期刊出版发行现状,提升期刊影响力是期刊出版工作者急需面对的一大问题。本文结合出版市场新形势,就上述问题提出若干初步建议,以供广大同行参考。
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-08-26 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] This paper aims to provide experience and suggestions about tweets content construction of WeChat public platform for university libraries. [Method/process] By the methods of case analysis, network data research and comparative analysis, this paper introduced the concept, principle, effect and management mode on the tweets content construction of WeChat public number of Beijing normal university library. [Result/conclusion] This paper provides the following suggestions for the development of university libraries' WeChat public platforms:focus on the overall plan of WeChat content plate, guarantee the originality of copywriter, pay attention to the series of high-quality original tweets integrated into the column, and strengthen cooperation with other new medias in the university. Moreover, the construction of management system should be promoted.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] This paper aims at giving effective enlightenment and method for the platform to locate the characteristics of the users, carry out targeted operations and discover the potential value users. [Method/process] This paper takes the knowledge live platform as the research object, firstly designing the concept model of the group portrait, then putting forward the method of the paid-up user persona of the knowledge live platform based on the density peak clustering, and finally taking the data of paid-up users in Zhihu live platform as an sample, and using the density peak clustering algorithm in Matlab to divide the sample data into groups. [Result/conclusion] The experimental results show that there are five typical user groups in Zhihu live platform. By comparing and analyzing the cluster center points, we identify the typical characteristics of each group, and propose the precise operation strategy.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] According to the investment and feedback from the 14 selected member libraries of CASHL North China Region in three years, North China Regional Center of CASHL (BNU Library) found and analyzed problems in resources and services of CASHL, and made recommendations for the operation of CASHL. [Method/process] Using webpage survey, visiting, and one-on-one consultation to investigate the current status of 14 member libraries in CASHL North China region, BNU Library has fully understood the current status of the 14 member libraries in the humanities and social sciences electronic resources, featured resources, and CASHL services. [Result/conclusion] Discussing the operation and development strategies of CASHL, including of resource co-construction and sharing, service and platform function improvement, etcs.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Taking the twenty-four solar terms reading promotion in Beijing Normal University for example, this paper discusses the model of three-dimensional reading promotion in University Library based on the Chinese Traditional Culture. [Method/process] The significance of the reading promotion in university library based on the Chinese traditional culture and the necessity of the three-dimensional model were expounded,meanwhile, the preparation,content,feature and effect evaluation of the BNU library case were given. [Result/conclusion] This paper proposes some suggestions for the three-dimensional reading promotion model based on the Chinese Traditional Culture.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2019-02-25 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：桑寄生植物作为关键种和关键性食物资源在生态系统中扮演重要角色。作为一种桑寄生植物，鞘花的繁殖物候特征不仅会影响自身的繁殖适合度还会影响依赖于其获取食物资源的动物。为了解鞘花的繁殖物候特征及其影响因素，探究其与寄主植物和种子散布者之间的相互作用关系，该研究以西双版纳地区分布的鞘花为研究对象，通过定期观测鞘花和其寄主植物木荷的繁殖物候，测量它们的生物学特性和温湿度等环境因子，分析鞘花在个体水平和种群水平上的繁殖物候特征，以及寄主植物和温湿度对其繁殖物候的影响。结果表明：（1）鞘花的开花物候属于集中大量开花模式，整个种群的花期和果期持续时间分别约为 20 d 和72 d，花期和果期的同步性指数都较高，6 月中旬鞘花果实被取食的数量和速率最大，之后逐渐降低；（2）鞘花的始花期与木荷的始花期相关性较高，花期和果期与木荷的繁殖物候基本重叠；（3）每月开花和果熟的个体数量与同期和前一个月平均温度和相对湿度的相关关系均不显著。总之，桑寄生植物的繁殖物候特征可能受较多因素影响，全面了解半寄生植物的繁殖物候特征，需要综合考虑生物和非生物等多种因子的共同作用。
Subjects: Biology >> Bioengineering submitted time 2018-09-13 Cooperative journals: 《中国生物工程杂志》
Abstract：为了促进亮氨酸脱氢酶在Bacillus subtilis中高效表达，采取在质粒pMA5自带的启动子PHpaII之后分别添加诱导型和组成型启动子，考察双启动子对酶表达的影响。选取2种诱导型启动子（Pgrac、Pgl-M1）和4种组成型启动子（P43、Plaps、PHpaII、PamyQ）进行构建表达，其中组成型启动子PamyQ与PHpaII构成的双启动子效果最好，有效地将胞外活性提高到31.24 UmL-1，是单启动子PHpaII的3.4倍。在以上最优双启动子的基础上分别融合Sec途径和Tat途径的4种信号肽，但信号肽与双启动子共同作用并没有获得更高的酶活性。选用酶活最高的双启动子突变菌株Bacillus subtilis 168/pW6（PHpaII-PamyQ）进行7.5 L发酵罐补料发酵产酶研究，LeuDH酶活达到217.96 UmL-1，是摇瓶水平的6.97倍，对工业上产亮氨酸脱氢酶有一定参考价值。
Subjects: Biology >> Bioengineering submitted time 2018-05-23 Cooperative journals: 《中国生物工程杂志》
Abstract：裂壶藻作为一种生产DHA的重要菌种，其脂肪酸合成途径除了已经被广泛了解的聚酮合酶（PKS）途径外，还残存着作为真核微生物中常见的脂肪酸合酶（FAS）途径中的功能酶和中间产物。经过前期的研究，运用基因工程手段，将载有与裂壶藻近缘藻种中已知的Δ12-desaturase表达模块和相关筛选标记构建入载体，通过电击转化导入Schizochytrium sp.ATCC20888中， 以期望修复裂壶藻中FAS途径合成的合成能力由气相色谱分析转化。通过分子水平检测确定目的功能基因已稳定转化后，再株油脂中相关脂肪酸含量分布情况。经过长期筛选验证，最终证明获得了两株阳性转化株,其生物量初步测定分别较野生株提高11.14%和4.12%，其油脂中DHA含量分别较野生株提高了19.50%及14.65%。
Subjects: Biology >> Bioengineering submitted time 2018-01-15 Cooperative journals: 《中国生物工程杂志》
Abstract：根据信号肽N端电荷数，选择Sec及Tat两种途径的信号肽构建枯草芽孢杆菌穿梭质粒，首次实现Bacillus cereus源亮氨酸脱氢酶基因在Bacillus subtilis中的分泌表达。Tat途径信号肽PhoD促进蛋白分泌的效果最好，胞外酶活力达20.25U/ml，为不添加信号肽的2.2倍，信号肽N端较多的电荷数，可能有利于多聚体蛋白的分泌。对表达产物进行纯化和酶学性质测定。结果表明，纯酶比酶活为13U/mg；L-Leucine为底物时酶的Km为6.17mM，Vmax为14.49umol·min-1·mg-1；底物特异性研究发现，酶与天然底物L-Leucine的亲和性最好，对一些脂肪族氨基酸也有活性，对芳香族氨基酸L-Phenylalanine无活性；酶的最适pH为10.5~12，pH稳定范围为5.0-11.0；最适反应温度为55℃；圆二色谱变温扫描酶二级结构变化，α螺旋含量随温度升高逐渐降低；差示扫描微量热技术(DSC)测定酶的解折叠温度（Tm值）为64.13℃，表明该酶具有较好耐热性。
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preclinical Medicine submitted time 2017-12-27 Cooperative journals: 《南方医科大学学报》
Abstract： Objective To investigate the effect of MiR-200b on human retinal endothelial cells (hRECs) cultured in high glucose and explore the mechanism. Methods hRECs cultured in high glucose or in normal media were examined for MiR-200b mRNA expression using real-time PCR. The effect of MiR-200b transfection on hREC proliferation in high-glucose culture was evaluated with MTT assay, and real-time PCR and Western blotting were performed to determine vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) expression in the transfected cells. Results The cells in high-glucose culture showed significantly decreased MiR-200b expression and active proliferation. Compared with those in normal control cells, VEGF and TGFβ1 mRNA and protein expressions increased markedly in cells cultured in high glucose (P<0.05). MiR-200b transfection of the cells caused significantly increased cellular expression of MiR-200b but decreased expression levels of VEGF and TGFβ1 mRNA and protein, and suppressed hREC proliferation in high glucose culture (P<0.05). Conclusion MiR-200b can regulate REC growth and proliferation by changing VEGF and TGFβ1 expressions and thus play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetic retinopathy.
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-10 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究饲粮中短期内单独及混合添加高水平燕麦β-葡聚糖和微晶纤维素（MCC）对小鼠生长性能、器官指数、粪便细菌群落结构的影响。选取36只健康的体重为（17.95±0.95） g的BALB/c小鼠，按体重随机分为4组：对照组（CON组），饲粮不含燕麦β-葡聚糖和微晶纤维素；葡聚糖组（G组），饲粮含28%燕麦β-葡聚糖；MCC组（M组），饲粮含20%MCC；混合组（GM组），饲粮含14%燕麦β-葡聚糖和10%MCC。试验期为21 d。结果显示：1）各组小鼠全期（第1～21天）平均日增重（ADG）差异不显著（P>0.05），而全期平均日采食量（ADFI）则差异显著（P0.05），各纤维添加组（G组、M组、GM组）与CON组小鼠附睾脂肪垫指数差异不显著（P>0.05），但G组和M组小鼠附睾脂肪垫指数均显著低于GM组（P<0.05）。3）试验第4天和第7天，G组小鼠粪便细菌香农-威纳指数显著低于CON组（P<0.05）。PCR-变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）图谱聚类分析显示，试验第13天、第17天时，各组小鼠粪便细菌群落结构差异明显，各组样品在进化树上各自聚类。由此可见，在小鼠饲粮中短期单独或混合添加高水平燕麦β-葡聚糖和MCC均可降低小鼠的ADFI，但不影响小鼠的ADG和脾脏指数；燕麦β-葡聚糖和MCC混合添加比单独添加更能促进小鼠附睾脂肪的沉积；高水平燕麦β-葡聚糖可降低小鼠粪便细菌的多样性；燕麦β-葡聚糖和MCC的添加均可改变小鼠粪便微生物区系，暗示小鼠后肠可能存在特异性利用这2种纤维的核心菌群。
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