Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The development of scientific research in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is unbalanced and inadequate, and its contribution to technological innovation is insufficient to meet the huge demand for industrial innovation in the Greater Bay Area. This paper tries to clarify the coordination relationship between scientific research and industrial innovation in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area since 1997 by constructing the scientific research-industrial innovation coordination data sets, correlation index and relative development index for ten industries in the area. This paper analyzes the evolution and interaction rules of scientific research and industrial innovation in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures. The research found that scientific research and industrial innovation in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area showed an overall upward trend while the coordinating level varies from industry to industry. Among the ten industries analyzed in this paper, communication technology and integrated circuit have reached a high level of coordination; marine engineering equipment is still in the primary coordination stage; and other industries are at a good level of coordination. The scale advantage and competitive advantage of scientific research are dynamic for the improvement of coordination level, which suggests that we should combine the scale effect and competitive advantage of innovation, pay high attention to originality and leadership, and strive to form the special and preponderant advantage of regional scientific research.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The red soil hilly areas in South China were prone to soil erosion due to their poor soil viscosity, poor water permeability, and inadequate seasonal rainfall distribution. Inappropriate tillage measures aggravated soil erosion, decreased soil fertility, and therefore restricted the sustainable development of local agriculture. Since the Taoyuan Agro-ecosystem Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) was established in 1979, researchers have systematically upgraded management of regional agricultural ecosystem, increased the overall agricultural benefits, and established a technical system and an optimized mode of the comprehensive development of regional agriculture in the station. The demonstration and promotion will provide important theoretical and technical support for soil erosion control, regional agricultural restructuring, and the improvement of farmland productivity and ecological environment in red soil hilly areas in South China. We have systematically studied the formation mechanism of gley and secondary gley paddy soil to provide technical support for gleyed paddy field management; the coordination mechanism between sustainable productivity and system health of paddy field ecosystem to provide theoretical basis and technical support for sustainable and efficient production of paddy field ecosystem in red soil; the microbial mechanism driving the key processes of N2O and CH4 emission from rice fields to provide vital scientific basis for reducing greenhouse gas emission in farmland of China; the distribution pattern and the main driving factors of soil bacteria and denitrifying microorganism in farmland to depict the composition of farmland soil microbial community in the large scale; the control mechanism of functional amino acid metabolism and physiological function of pig diet to scientifically improve the level of pig breeding and the development of China’s pig breeding industry in a healthy and sustainable way; nitrogen transformation mechanism in vegetable soil and the corresponding control measures to provide a strong theoretical foundation and technical support for nitrogen control in vegetable soil; the characteristics and influencing factors of nutrient loss in typical farmland ecosystem, the model of nitrogen and phosphorus interception and ecological absorption in hilly composite agricultural ecosystem to provide technical support for the prevention and control of non-point source pollution of nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland ecosystems; recycling utilization model of agricultural and pastoral resources to promote the sustainable development of local agriculture. In the future, the scientists of Taoyuan Agro-ecosystem Research Station will make greater contribution to the sustainable development of regional agriculture under the guidance of the “Pioneer Initiative Action ” plan of CAS.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The carbon neutrality strategy will be the largest orderly human activity in this century, which requires strong scientific supports. This study introduces some key scientific questions and remaining knowledge gaps in earth system science (i.e. atmosphere, land, ocean science), and also discusses some key techniques and the associated challenges, including Earth System Model, climate metrics, greenhouse gasses monitoring techniques, carbon inventories from regional to global scales. On this basis, this study recommends to construct climate monitoring system and platform in China, better describe and understand the earth system coupling processes and mechanisms. To consolidate the techniques for carbon neutrality, this study also suggests to build carbon monitoring and inventory assessment platform and to improve the Earth System Model.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Urban agglomerations, including Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta regions, are the large clusters both from population and economic perspectives and have the most active vitality of innovation. To be the worldclass urban agglomerations, population function regulation should highlight the roles of the carrying capacity of resources and the environment, allocation of public service resources, and the challenges of global competitions in the fields of economy and technology. We firstly review the classic theories. Then the distinct characters of population development in China’s urban agglomerations are figured out. Accordingly, the basic laws of population function regulation in urban agglomerations are put forward. In addition, the differentiated strategies are introduced to optimize the population functions in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta regions. Our policy implications aim to promote evolution of urban agglomerations with a more advanced and healthier process, especially during the 14th Five-Year Plan period.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： In the Outline Development Plan for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, it is pointed out that the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) should “develop a vibrant and internationally competitive first-class bay area and world-class city cluster, and build a role model of high-quality development.” This study compares the industrial development of GBA and three other world-class bay areas. It is found that GBA possesses the fundamental conditions for developing into an international first-class bay area in total scale, but the equality of economic growth is not high. Regionalization and industrialization are the main characteristics of the area, and the high-end service industry has huge development space. The industrial segmentation pattern between Hong Kong, Macao and nine cities of Guangdong is serious, and the cooperation potential is great. Therefore, the industrial isomorphism between nine cities of Guangdong Province needs to be further coordinated and solved. In the future, it is necessary to further promote regional coordinated development and enhance the international competitiveness and influence of the bay area through expanding opening-up.
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Physical order refers to the overall perception of orderliness of things around us. Spatial physical order is one of its dimensions, indicating the relative position of objects within this space as determined by certain patterns or rules. Spatial physical order influences human psychology and behavior, such as stereotypes and decision-making as well as on ethical behavior, illegal behavior and routine behavior. This paper summarizes the theories of spatial physical order on human cognition and behavior, and reviews some empirical studies. A promising direction for the future research would be to enrich the related theories and improve reliability of experiments. In the end, we discuss the effect of physical order in practice.
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Body image disturbance mainly refers to the individual's negative perception of the body, negative emotional experience and the corresponding negative behavior regulation. The "looking-glass self" theory suggests that the attitude and reaction of others is a "mirror" from which we know ourselves. According to this theory, the main external reasons for body image disturbance include the negative real evaluations from the primary group and the diverse real evaluations from the secondary group. Meanwhile, the main internal reasons include the fear of subjective imaginary evaluation and the deviation of subjective perceptual evaluation. To alleviate the increasing disturbance and promote the benign transformation of disorders, further researches are needed to explore the sources of body image disturbance, improve the intervention strategy on social interest, and disclose the basic influence of the other-oriented under face culture.
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Self-control refers to the ability of individuals to consciously control their impulsive behaviors in order to achieve long-term interests. The dual-systems model proposes that the self-control system includes an impulsive system and a reflective system, which can be used to analyze the internal structure of criminals’ low self-control. The impulsive system in criminals is thought to predominantly use behavioral schemata related to crime, while their reflective system is too weak to suppress impulsive behaviors. With the impulsive system activated and the reflective system insufficiently activated, the criminals will likely fail to self-control and subsequently commit crime. To investigate the mechanism of the self-control system in criminals, more integration of the existing studies on the basis of the dual-systems model is needed. It is also necessary to explore the application of the dual-systems model in intervention and psychological correction for prisoners. In addition, juveniles who are susceptible to crime require special attention.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-19 Cooperative journals: 《金属学报》
Abstract： In recent years, there have been great efforts focused on joining ceramics to metals to establish processes for a wide range of industrial uses. Several important problems, however, still remain unsolved. Among them, how to produce atomic bonds at ceramic/metal interfaces and how to minimize the residual stress due to large thermal expansion mismatch between two constituents are the most critical. The thermal expansion mismatch effect is a serious problem because, even if a strong interface could be achieved, joints with large residual stress are easily broken. Therefore, it is desirable to reduce the magnitude of the residual stress. Some researchers have succeeded in achieving a strong joint between alumina and stainless steel by using a soft metallic interlayer. In this study, the effects of interlayers of nickel, copper and copper coated with nickel on the microstructure and shear strength of alumina ceramic and 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel bonding with Ag-Cu-Ti filler metal were investigated. The results indicated that, when using copper as an interlayer, sufficient interfacial reaction between the ceramic and the filler metal could obtain. However, when using nickel as an interlayer, resulting in an insufficient reaction between the ceramic and the filler metal and the formation of large amount Ni3Ti intermetallic compounds, and thus, the strength of the joint decreased heavily. It is very interesting that when using copper coated with Ni, the existence of the small amount of nickel didn't affect the activity of titanium in the filler metal, meanwhile, it decreased the effect of the filler metal on the solubility of copper. Compared with copper and Ni interlayer, this interlayer could reduce interfacial residual stress more effectively. And the shear strength of 109 MPa was obtained when the thickness of Cu was 0.2 mm coated with 30 μm thick nickel.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-19 Cooperative journals: 《金属学报》
Abstract： The height of floating zone and molten zone instability for five pure metals including Nb, W, Ta, Mo, and Ir with high melting points is investigated using electron beam floating zone method (EBFZM). The results show that the height level of floating zone for these five metals are in order with the sequence of Nb>Mo>W> Ta>Ir. The crystal growth angles for these metals are in the range of 8皛13� and the sample in large size can be developed by EBFZM as the growth angle is found not to be zero. Meanwhile, the actual growth angles are related with the interface growth mechanism. For continuous growth mechanism, the growth angles vary slightly with the solidification rate for rough interface, and for dislocation growth mechanism, the growth angles decrease with increasing the solidification rate. If faceting growth mechanism prevails, the growth angles drop remarkably at a low solidification rate and further increase with increasing the solidification rate. Additionally, by employing EBFZM growth of Ir and Mo pure metals, a solidification rate approaching 1 mm/min is available for controlling the growth angle and the height of floating zone. These calculations fit well with the experimental results of Mo single crystal prepared by EBFZM.
Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology submitted time 2020-04-28
Abstract： Self-control refers to the ability of individuals to consciously control their impulsive behaviors in order to achieve long-term interests. The dual-systems model proposes that the self-control system includes an impulsive system and a reflective system, which can be used to analyze the internal structure of criminals’ low self-control. The impulsive system in criminals is thought to predominantly use behavioral schemata related to crime, while their reflective system is too weak to suppress impulsive behaviors. With the impulsive system activated and the reflective system insufficiently activated, the criminals will likely fail to self-control and subsequently commit crime. To investigate the mechanism of the self-control system in criminals, more integration of the existing studies on the basis of the dual-systems model is needed. It is also necessary to explore the application of the dual-systems model in intervention and psychological correction for prisoners. In addition, juveniles who are susceptible to crime require special attention.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2019-10-11 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract： 应用FLGS-TDP插针式热扩散探针技术，对策勒绿洲的矮化红枣树干液流进行长期监测，同步记录试验地周围的气象因子，分析矮化红枣树干液流变化规律，建立树干液流与环境因子之间的关系模型。结果表明：液流日变化呈单峰曲线，夏季偶尔会出现双峰曲线；天气条件对液流变化有影响，晴天条件下的液流速率最大，沙尘天气次之，雨天液流速率最低；不同季节间的液流速率差异显著，夏季液流启动于6:30左右，比春季和秋季的液流启动时间早；夏季树干液流持续时间最长，春季和秋季液流持续时间相对较短，夏季液流速率峰值最高，春季和秋季峰值偏低；生长期内液流速率与太阳辐射强度、大气温度呈显著正相关关系，与空气相对湿度呈显著负相关关系；各种环境因子中太阳辐射强度对液流速率的影响最大，相关系数为0.927，其次是大气温度，相关系数为0.725 4，空气相对湿度的影响最小，其相关系数为0.548。通过对矮化红枣树干液流进行监测，研究分析矮化红枣的水分消耗特征，为绿洲农业水资源分配管理提供数据支撑。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-25 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本研究旨在探讨花生秧饲粮中添加纤维素酶对肉鹅生长性能、饲粮养分表观利用率以及消化酶活性的影响。试验选取120只体重相近的4周龄健康浙东白鹅，随机分为3个组，分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加15%（A组）、23%（B组）、23%（C组）花生秧粉的试验饲粮，C组另外添加3‰纤维素酶，每组5个重复，每个重复8只，公母各占1/2。试验测定指标包括试验鹅体重、采食量、饲粮养分表观利用率以及胰腺、肌胃和十二指肠内源性消化酶活性。结果表明：与B组相比，花生秧饲粮（粗纤维水平为9.76%）中添加3‰纤维素酶1)显著增加了肉鹅平均日增重（P0.05）；2)显著或极显著提高饲粮中粗灰分、粗蛋白质、粗纤维、钙、总磷、甘氨酸、半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸的表观利用率（P<0.05或P<0.01)；3)显著或极显著增强胰腺蛋白酶、淀粉酶活性和肌胃蛋白酶、十二指肠脂肪酶活性（P<0.05或P<0.01)。总之，在高粗纤维水平花生秧饲粮中添加3‰纤维素酶能够增强肉鹅消化道酶活性，提高其对粗纤维饲粮的养分表观利用率，是开发利用花生秧饲料资源的有效途径。
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2018-06-24 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract：中亚地区是距离中国最近、最安全的油气资源保障区，是中国重要的海外能源供应基地。当前中亚地区的油气年产量约为2.29亿吨油当量，占世界油气年产量比重为3.02%，其中天然气主要集中在土库曼斯坦和哈萨克斯坦，石油主要集中在哈萨克斯坦，油气资源年对外供给潜力约为1.2亿吨油当量。中国已经逐渐成为中亚地区最重要的油气贸易伙伴。然而，中国与中亚地区的油气贸易合作面临着大国博弈、内部政治环境不稳定、国际能源合作制度碎片化、国际能源投资政策缺乏可持续性等一系列的潜在风险。未来，中国应加快推动建立务实高效的多元能源合作机制，优化能源合作的主体结构，加强能源勘探开发和深加工的技术贸易，加快推进能源就地加工转化，并修订现有的双边投资协定，以确保中国与中亚能源合作与贸易安全。
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2016-01-25
Abstract：[目的] 为实现科技知识组织体系（STKOS）的共享和利用。[应用背景] 构建知识组织摘要：[目的] 为实现科技知识组织体系（STKOS）的共享和利用。[应用背景] 构建知识组织体系有机存储与访问的引擎系统是实现知识组织体系有效利用的前提条件。[方法] 建设支持STKOS 各类元素检索、浏览、关联、导航的语义存储与索引体系、语义查询与推理内核以及STKOS API，并对外提供开放查询与推理接口。[结果]该引擎系统支持 STKOS 发布服务平台建设以及 STKOS 在第三方检索服务系统的应用。[结论]通过 STKOS 开放引擎系统，我国科技文献信息机构和研究人员能够方便有效地利用 STKOS。
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Hits
Hits
Downloads
Comment
YES