Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-03-27 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The rapid development of biotechnology and information technology has brought life sciences into a new era of data explosion. The traditional life science research paradigm struggles to reveal the fundamental rules of complex biological systems from rapidly growing biological big data. As artificial intelligence continues to achieve disruptive breakthroughs in life science, a new paradigm driven by AI is emerging. This study delves into typical examples of life science research driven by AI, proposes the concept and key elements of the new life science research paradigm, elaborates on the cutting-edge of life science research under this new paradigm, and discusses the challenges in China.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-10-09 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Intergenerational transmission in the field of environmental psychology and behaviors is an important fulcrum for sustainable development. Existing studies mainly focus on the intergenerational transmission effects and mechanisms of pro-environmental attitudes (such as environmental values, environmental concern, sustainable consumption attitudes) and pro-environmental behaviors (such as energy saving behaviors, recycling behaviors, green consumption behaviors). Traditional approaches to the study of relationships among generations view ecosocialization as a top-down phenomenon in which parents transmit their attitudes and behaviors to their children in a unidirectional and often deterministic manner. However, although there is evidence of intergenerational correlation between pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors, it has not been proved that parents influence children’s pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors through the process of socialization. Family socialization is a dynamic and interactive process, in which parents and children will be reciprocal influences and counterinfluence. (Several theoretical considerations suggest that the influence of parents and children is reciprocal). Children are not only passive receivers of the socialization process, they are also active agents, passing on information and knowledge from schooling, peers and the mass media to their parents. In addition, in most families, parents and children live in a shared socio-cultural context, which further complicates the interpretation of intergenerational correlation. Based on the socialization theory and parent-child values similarity framework, and integrating existing studies, the authors propose a intergenerational transmission framework of pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors. In this framework, we argue for considering intergenerational correlation as the result of a complex network of mutual influences among parents, children, and their shared environments. The intergenerational transmission has three interdependent pathways of socialization: (1) parents influence their children, through modeling learning, parent-child communication, parent-child participation; (2) children influence their parents, that is, the process of reverse intergenerational transmission; (3) parents and children are influenced by the shared social and cultural environment, that is, the process of cultural acculturation. We argue that the three processes for intergenerational correlation should be viewed as interdependent, compatible, working jointly. Among them, parents influence their children and reverse intergenerational transmission are a dynamic process. The former occurs earliest in childhood and persists into adolescence, while the latter mostly occurs in later adolescence. Future research should be carried out from four aspects. (1) Construct a dynamic model of intergenerational transmission by longitudinally tracking parent-child interactions and children’s developmental trajectories, and explore in depth the potential mechanisms of intergenerational transmission, such as parental characteristics, children’s characteristics, parent-child relationship. (2) Strengthen the research of intergenerational transmission in the context of Chinese culture, and explore in depth the role of horizontal socialization factors (e.g., peer influence, school environmental educations, mass media) in promoting and blocking intergenerational transmission. (3) Explore the potential mechanism of intergenerational transmission in different fields, and summarize the domain universality and domain specificity of intergenerational transmission, in order to better understand the formation and development of individual psychological and behavioral patterns. (4) Future research needs to construct a family-based environmental education mechanism that involves both parents and children generations to promote the application of research results.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-08-27 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] The exploration of disconfirmation has dual significance of information science and behavioral science. Based on the perspective of information coupling, to reveal the inner mechanism of disconfirmation formation, will help to build a coordinated relationship between information and consumer perception. [Method/process] On the basis of analyzing the information coupling process, this paper elaborates the online purchase process into a complete sequential process, uses expectation as key mediation variables for the link of online and offline, and explains the relationship among information, psychology and behavior. [Result/conclusion] The paper creates sequence diagram of online shopping, reveals the influence of information coupling on the disconfirmation, and constructs the theoretical model of consumer disconfirmation, including three aspects: information, psychology and behavior. It will provide theoretical reference to future research of network information behavior.
Subjects: Astronomy submitted time 2023-08-02 Cooperative journals: 《天文学报》
Abstract： Massive stars tend to form in clustered environments. The origin of the massive stars and binaries outside clusters is one key to understand the formation and evolution of massive stars. The authors selected two colliding wind candidates, MTT68 and MTT71, and probed their origin by analyzing the \emph{Chandra} X--ray observation and the proper motions queried from the \emph{Gaia} Data Release 2 (\emph{Gaia}~DR2) catalog. Those two targets are located on the margin of NGC 3603, the galactic massive cluster 7.6\;kpc away. MTT68 has been resolved as a visual binary of MTT68A/B, and MTT68A itself was proposed as a close massive binary. The authors compared the centroid of the X--ray emission and the coordinate queried from \emph{Gaia}~DR2 catalog, to those of MTT68A/B on the \emph{HST} image, and found that both of them are close to MTT68A but far away from MTT68B, which suggests the X--ray characteristic and the astrometry measurement both mainly describe MTT68A instead of MTT68B. They also carried out the X-ray spectral analysis of MTT68A and MTT71, and found (1) the existence of the Fe XXV line in their spectra, (2) a second component of temperature $kT\gtrsim2.0$\;keV is required when fitting their spectra with hot plasma models, and (3) their ratio of X-ray to bolometric luminosity, lg($L_{\rm X}/L_{\rm bol})\gtrsim-5.8$, is at least one order of magnitude higher than the value of isolated O-type stars. All above features further prove their colliding wind scenario. Besides that, they analyzed the astrometry measurements of MTT68A and MTT71 queried from the \emph{Gaia}~DR2 database. MTT71 has an absolute proper motion similar to the overall value of NGC 3603, which suggests it formed associated with NGC 3603 without ejection process. In contrast, MTT68A has a significant proper motion relative to NGC 3603: the relative proper motion in the right ascension direction $\Delta\mu_\alpha=(-2.5\pm1.1)$\;mas\,$\cdot$\,yr$^{-1}$ and declination direction $\Delta\mu_\delta=(3.3\pm0.9)$\;mas\,$\cdot$\,yr$^{-1}$, resulting a direction that opposites to the core region of NGC 3603. Hence the authors propose that MTT68A is a massive binary ejected 20\;kyr ago, and single-binary and binary--binary interactions are possible mechanisms. A search for the massive star with reverse relative proper motion at the opposite side of the cluster will be helpful to verify this hypothesis.
Subjects: Nursing >> Nursing submitted time 2023-06-12
Abstract： Objective To explore the influencing factors and current situation about frailty of the elderly patients in Beijing, and to provide references for further health assessment about elderly patients, in order to provide reference about choosing the right methods for nursing elderly patients and improving the quality of nursing. Methods The convenience sampling method was used to select the elderly inpatients admitted to three hospitals in Beijing from April to May 2021. Use the Tilburg frailty indicator (TFI) to investigate and assess the 200 elderly patients. Results The score of frailty in elderly patients is (5.34±2.99), about 57.99%(98/169) elderly patients were living with frailty. Lower scores of the project was “Questions related to living alone”(13.02%), “Cognition”(13.02%) and “Coping” (18.93%); Higher scores of the project was “Physical health”(68.05%), “difficulty in walking”(55.03%) and “Physical tiredness”(49.70%). The elderly patients’ “age”, “presence of two or more chronic diseases”, “life events in the last year” were related to frailty(P＜0.05). Conclusion In hospitals of Beijing, the frailty conditions are more common in elderly patients. It should be highly concerned about the elderly patients in nursing working, in order to provide nursing skills systematically and reasonably, make them adapted to the life in hospital.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-31 Cooperative journals: 《材料研究学报》
Abstract： 18CrNb is a kind of ferritic stainless steel and widely used as parts at the hot end of automobile exhaust system due to its good formability, high temperature strength and oxidation resistance. In this paper, the oxidation of 18CrNb steel in a temperature ranging from 700℃ to 1000℃ was studied through continuous oxidation behavior test. The oxide scale was then characterized by XRD, SEM and EDS, while the oxidation dynamic curve of this steel was plotted based on the weight-gain data after oxidation. The results indicate that 18CrNb steel has excellent oxidation resistance at temperatures lower than 900℃ due to the formation of continuous and dense Cr-rich oxide scale. When the temperature rises up to 950℃, the oxide scale turn to be complex, of which the outer portion composed of Cr-rich Cr-Mn oxide, Mn-rich Mn-Cr oxide, Fe oxide and pure iron oxide; the inner portion composed of Fe-rich Fe/Cr oxide; thereby the scale became loose leading to breakaway oxidation. According to the results of this work, 18CrNb is not suitable for application at temperatures above 950℃.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-27 Cooperative journals: 《心理学报》
Abstract： According to the lexical quality hypothesis, high proficient (fast) readers have well-specified lexical representations which enable automatic word identification and less context decoding, while low proficient (slow) readers rely on context for word identification during reading due to their imprecise lexical quality. In contrast, the predictive coding framework assumes that high proficient readers rely more on their reading experience to predict the upcoming context compared to low proficient readers. However, it is still unclear how skilled readers with different levels of reading proficiency rely on context information (e.g., predictability) for word processing during Chinese reading. In two experiments, the present study aimed to investigate individual differences in the use of predictability for word identification by using the eye-tracking technique. In Experiment 1, eye movements of fast and slow readers were recorded while they were reading sentences containing predictable or unpredictable target words, with the aim to investigate the differences in predictability effects between the two groups. Sixty pairs of predictable-unpredictable target words were selected, each of which was embedded into the same sentence frame. Fifteen fast and 15 slow readers, selected from a group of 66 participants based on their reading rates, participated in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, parafoveal previews of the 60 predictable target words (identical word, visually similar pseudocharacter, unpredictable word or visually dissimilar pseudocharacter) were manipulated by using the boundary paradigm to explore how parafoveal preview influences processing of predictability information in the fast and slow readers. The eye movements of 20 fast and 20 slow readers, selected from a group of 80 participants on the basis of their reading rates, were recorded while they were reading sentences containing predictable target words with different previews in Experiment 2. The results showed that fast readers fixated shorter and less on the target words and were more likely to skip the target words than slow readers. In Experiment 1, although reliable predictability effects with shorter fixations for predictable than unpredictable words were found, it did not interact with reading groups. However, results in Experiment 2 showed robust parafoveal preview effects on the target word which interacted with reading groups. In particular, the two groups had the same first-pass fixation times (i.e., FFD, SFD, GD) at the target words under the identical previews, while slow readers made longer fixations than fast readers at the targets with unpredictable previews or unrelated previews. In addition, fast readers skipped target words at a similar probability under both the identical preview and unpredictable preview conditions, while slow readers were less likely to skip target words with unpredictable previews than identical previews. The current findings indicate that fast and slow readers rely on context to a similar degree during their foveal lexical processing whereas the two groups show different utilization of previews of the predictable word during their parafoveal processing. To be specific, compared to fast readers, slow readers are inefficient in activating the predictable word with a visually similar preview; moreover, slow readers are disturbed more by the unpredictable preview or the visually dissimilar preview for their lexical processing, which suggests that slow readers are less effective in suppressing unrelated or inappropriate information during reading. Such findings provide evidence for the lexical quality hypothesis and are in support of the linguistic-pro?ciency hypothesis related to individual differences in the E-Z reader model.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-19 Cooperative journals: 《金属学报》
Abstract： New Ni-free Zr61.5Cu21.5-xFe5Al11Sn1Nbx (x=0,1, 2, atomic fraction, %) and Zr61.5Cu21.5Fe5Al12 bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) rods with diameters of 2 and 3 mm were fabricated by copper mold casting. In order to improve the plasticity of the Zr61.5Cu21.5Fe5Al12 BMG, minor Sn and Nb with lower thermal neutron cross- sections was added into the Zr-Cu-Fe-Al alloy. The experimental results showed that the glass- forming abilities of the BMGs with Sn and Nb elements were reduced slightly. Among them with Sn and Nb elements, however, Zr61.5Cu19.5Fe5Al11Sn1Nb2 BMG exhibits high compressive strength, high ductility together with extensive“work hardening”. HRTEM study verifies the glassy states of both Zr61.5Cu19.5Fe5Al11Sn1Nb2 and Zr61.5Cu21.5Fe5Al12 alloys samples. The difference between the microstructures of the BMGs samples with and without Sn and Nb elements is that the atomic arrangement in Zr61.5Cu19.5Fe5Al11Sn1Nb2 BMG is more closely than that in Zr61.5Cu21.5Fe5Al12 BMG. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy study showed further that the Zr61.5Cu19.5Fe5Al11Sn1Nb2 BMG has more closely atomic arrangement than the Zr61.5Cu21.5Fe5Al12 BMG. The structural free-volume size of the former BMG is smaller than that of the latter BMG. And the total free-volume amount of the former BMG is obviously higher than that of the latter BMG. Uniformly distributed free volume is beneficial to improve the shear band formation, branching, and interactions of the Zr61.5Cu19.5Fe5Al11Sn1Nb2 BMG, which increases finally the compressive ductility of the BMG.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-18 Cooperative journals: 《材料研究学报》
Abstract： Aluminum foil was anodic oxidized by a two-step anodization process in oxalic acid solutions. While the influence of processing parameters, such as voltage, time and solution concentration, for the 1st and 2nd steps of anodization process on the characteristics of pores of the anodic aluminum oxides (AAO) films was investigated. Results show that for the 1st anodization, the pores spacing increases with the rising voltage, yet the anodization time and the concentration of oxalic acid solution have almost no influence; for the 2nd anodization process, the pores spacing doesn’t change when varying the voltage, the anodization time and the concentration of solution, but the pore diameter rises greatly with the rise of the voltage. The pores of the AAOs films are well arranged in a form of hexagonal array. Furthermore, the shape of the pores changes slightly when increasing the voltage for the 2nd anodization. High concentration (up to 0.4 mol/L) oxalic acid solution for the 2nd anodization resulted in an oriented piercing of the pore’s wall, even a dissolving of the AAO layer, but the pores arrangement was not affected.
Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology submitted time 2023-02-27
Abstract： There is a phenomenon of intergenerational transmission of pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors. Ample studies on intergenerational transmission of pro-environmental attitudes primarily focus on environmental values, environmental concern, sustainable consumer attitudes, while researches on intergenerational transmission of pro-environmental behaviors pay much attention to saving energy behaviors, green purchase behaviors, and recycling behaviors and reuse behaviors. The intergenerational transmission has three interdependent pathways of socialization: (1) parents influence their children, through modeling learning, parent-child communication, parent-child participation; (2) children influence their parents, that is, the process of reverse intergenerational transmission; (3) parents and children are influenced by the shared social and cultural environment, that is, the process of cultural acculturation. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen the research on the intergenerational transmission of pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors in the context of Chinese culture, and explore its internal mechanism in depth.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2022-06-27
Abstract： According to the lexical quality hypothesis, high proficient (fast) readers have well-specified lexical representations which enable automatic word identification and less context decoding (Andrews, 2015; Perfetti, 2007), while low proficient (slow) readers rely on context for word identification during reading due to their imprecise lexical quality. In contrast, the predictive coding framework assumes that high proficient readers rely more on their reading experience to predict the upcoming context compared to low proficient readers (Hawelka et al., 2015). However, it is still unclear how skilled readers with different levels of reading proficiency rely on context information (e.g., predictability) for word processing during Chinese reading. In two experiments, the present study aimed to investigate individual differences in the use of predictability for word identification by using the eye-tracking technique. In Experiment 1, eye movements of fast and slow readers were recorded while they were reading sentences containing predictable or unpredictable target words, with the aim to investigate the differences in predictability effects between the two groups. Sixty pairs of predictable-unpredictable target words were selected, each of which was embedded into the same sentence frame. Fifteen fast and 15 slow readers, selected from a group of 66 participants based on their reading rates, participated in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, parafoveal previews of the 60 predictable target words (identical word, visually similar pseudocharacter, unpredictable word or visually dissimilar pseudocharacter) were manipulated by using the boundary paradigm (Rayner, 1975) to explore how parafoveal preview influences processing of predictability information in the fast and slow readers. The eye movements of 20 fast and 20 slow readers, selected from a group of 80 participants on the basis of their reading rates, were recorded while they were reading sentences containing predictable target words with different previews in Experiment 2. The results showed that fast readers fixated shorter and less on the target words and were more likely to skip the target words than slow readers. In Experiment 1, although reliable predictability effects with shorter fixations for predictable than unpredictable words were found, it did not interact with reading groups. However, results in Experiment 2 showed robust parafoveal preview effects on the target word which interacted with reading groups. In particular, the two groups had the same first-pass fixation times (i.e., FFD, SFD, GD) at the target words under the identical previews, while slow readers made longer fixations than fast readers at the targets with unpredictable previews or unrelated previews. In addition, fast readers skipped target words at a similar probability under both the identical preview and unpredictable preview conditions, while slow readers were less likely to skip target words with unpredictable previews than identical previews. The current findings indicate that fast and slow readers rely on context to a similar degree during their foveal lexical processing whereas the two groups show different utilization of previews of the predictable word during their parafoveal processing. To be specific, compared to fast readers, slow readers are inefficient in activating the predictable word with a visually similar preview; moreover, slow readers are disturbed more by the unpredictable preview or the visually dissimilar preview for their lexical processing, which suggests that slow readers are less effective in suppressing unrelated or inappropriate information during reading. Such findings provide evidence for the lexical quality hypothesis (Perfetti, 2007) and are in support of the linguistic-pro?ciency hypothesis related to individual differences in the E-Z reader model (Reichle et al., 2013).
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Resource Sciences >> Basic Disciplines of Environmental Science and Technology submitted time 2021-01-26 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract：为探明湖泊滨岸对矿井水中氮素的截留与缓冲作用及其与滨岸土壤氮素空间分布间的关系，以宁夏灵武市羊场湾煤矿矿井水排放湖泊——园疙瘩湖为研究对象，测定了该湖水滨区域、近岸陆域和自然区域土壤中8种氮素的含量和土壤酶的活性，分析了水滨区域和近岸陆域与自然区域相比的土壤氮素变化系数及其随距矿井水排放口距离远近的变化规律。结果表明：园疙瘩湖滨岸土壤氮素空间分布存在异质性；相比较而言，水滨区域与周边自然区域的土壤氮素分布特征差异较大，而近岸陆域与周边自然区域的差异较小；相较于无机态氮，有机态氮的空间异质性更强；各有机氮形态中，颗粒物有机氮多被截留于离岸最近的水滨区域，而氨基酸氮和可溶性有机氮则需要更为宽阔的截留区域；水滨区域对颗粒物有机氮的截留效应随着距矿井水排放口距离的增加而降低；水滨区域和近岸陆域对氨基酸氮的截留效应在1400 m内逐渐降低，而在1400 m后趋于稳定；水滨区域和近岸陆域对可溶性有机氮的截留效应与其离矿井水排放口的距离无关，这可能是因为可溶性有机氮的易溶解特性使其随水体的迁移性较强，滨岸带土壤虽在吸附和缓存可溶性有机氮中发挥了一定的作用，但其较强的迁移性致其在滨岸带土壤中的分布较为均一；滨岸土壤氮素的空间异质性与土壤酶活性无关。综上可知，湖泊滨岸土壤对矿井水中有机态氮具有截留作用，且该截留作用多发生在距矿井水排放口1400 m的滨岸带内，滨岸土壤对矿井水中氮素的截留作用亦是滨岸土壤氮素空间分布异质性的主导因素。本研究结果可为指导矿井水排放路径的设计及矿井水资源的合理开发与利用提供指导。
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2020-10-20 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：本研究从柑橘抗病品种的健康植株不同组织中分离纯化和鉴定内生真菌，并测定其发酵产物对柑橘溃疡病菌的抑制活性，以明确柑橘抗病品种中内生真菌的组成及其产抗柑橘溃疡病菌活性代谢产物的潜力，为柑橘溃疡病抗菌剂的开发奠定基础。通过组织培养法分离内生真菌，采用形态学和分子生物学方法对其进行鉴定；基于前期的拮抗预试验结果，选取代表性菌株进行发酵培养，通过乙酸乙酯浸提，真空抽滤、旋转蒸发浓缩制备粗提物；采用带毒平板涂布法测定不同菌株发酵产物乙酸乙酯提取物对柑橘溃疡病菌的抑制活性。结果表明：共分离得到.72 株内生真菌，归为.2 门（Ascomycota、Basidiomycota）、14 个属，其中优势属为刺盘孢属（Colletotrichum）、球座菌属（Guignardia）、链格孢属（Alternaria）和镰刀属（Fusarium）。不同柑橘品种中内生真菌多样性指数为温州蜜柑（桂林）>沙糖桔（桂林）>沙糖桔（梧州）。不同组织中内生真菌多样性变化因地理位置差异而有所不同，采自桂林的温州蜜柑和沙糖桔均为叶片中的内生真菌的多样性高于枝条，而采自梧州的沙糖桔为叶片中的多样性低于枝条，并且采自梧州的柑橘样品与采自桂林的柑橘样品中的内生真菌相似性低。测定了.30 株内生真菌乙酸乙酯提取物对柑橘溃疡病菌的抑制活性，其中.29 株菌株表现出不同程度抑制活性。不同柑橘品种中的优势属的.MIC 介于.0.312 5~10 mg·mL-1，特有属的MIC 介于.0.156~5 mg·mL-1，共有属.Fusarium 的.MIC 介于.0.312 5~2.5 mg·mL-1。研究结果表明柑橘抗病品种中内生真菌具有丰富多样性，并且其发酵提取物普遍对柑橘溃疡病菌具有抑制作用。特有属抑菌活性总体优于优势属，共有属.Fusarium 在不同柑橘抗病品种中均具有显著抑菌效果。
Subjects: Biology >> Virology submitted time 2020-02-14
Abstract： Abstract: In 2019, the 2019 novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has caused the pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan (a city of China). In our previous study, the analytical results showed that both 2019-nCoV and SARS coronavirus belongs to Betacoronavirus subgroup B (BB coronavirus), but have large differences. The most important finding was that the alternative translation of Nankai CDS could produce more than 17 putative proteins, which may be responsible for the host adaption. The genotyping of 13 viruses using the 17 putative proteins revealed the high mutation rate and diversity of betacoronavirus. The present study for the first time reported a very important mutation in the Spike (S) proteins of BB coronavirus. By this mutation, 2019-nCoV acquired a cleavage site for furin enzyme, which is not present in the S proteins of all other BB coronavirus (e.g. SARS coronavirus) except the Mouse Hepatitis coronavirus (MHV). This mutation may increase the efficiency of virus infection into cells, making 2019-nCoV has significantly stronger transmissibility than SARS coronavirus. Because of this mutation, the packing mechanism of the 2019-nCoV may be changed to being more similar to those of MHV, HIV, Ebola virus (EBoV) and some avian influenza viruses, other than those of all other BB coronavirus (e.g. SARS coronavirus) except the Mouse Hepatitis coronavirus (MHV). In addition, we unexpectedly found that some avian influenza viruses acquired a cleavage site for furin enzyme by mutation as 2019-nCoV. Further studies of this mutation will help to reveal the stronger transmissibility of 2019-nCoV and lay foundations for vaccine development and drug design of, but not limited to 2019-nCoV.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Civil Engineering and Building Construction >> Basic Disciplines of Civil Engineering and Building Construction submitted time 2018-10-26 Cooperative journals: 《土木建筑工程信息技术》
Abstract：近年来，动态施工工艺展示技术在工程实践中发挥了日益重要的辅助建造作用。针对动态施工工艺创建技术门槛较高、集成管理难度大、复用程度低的技术现状。本文从多源数据参数共享的角度，实现了动态施工工艺的快速、精准创建。同时，结合软件工程学的方法，研发了基于BIM技术的施工工艺管理平台，实现了动态施工工艺的企业级的集中创建和集成管理，有效助力了现场管理。工程实践显示：基于BIM技术的施工工艺管理平台能够实现施工工艺的集成管理和广泛复用，具有极好的应用前景。
Subjects: Civil Engineering and Building Construction >> Basic Disciplines of Civil Engineering and Building Construction submitted time 2018-10-26 Cooperative journals: 《土木建筑工程信息技术》
Abstract：近年来，动态施工工艺展示技术在工程实践中发挥了日益重要的辅助建造作用。针对动态施工工艺创建技术门槛较高、集成管理难度大、复用程度低的技术现状。本文从多源数据参数共享的角度，实现了动态施工工艺的快速、精准创建。同时，结合软件工程学的方法，研发了基于BIM技术的施工工艺管理平台，实现了动态施工工艺的企业级的集中创建和集成管理，有效助力了现场管理。工程实践显示：基于BIM技术的施工工艺管理平台能够实现施工工艺的集成管理和广泛复用，具有极好的应用前景。
Subjects: Computer Science >> Integration Theory of Computer Science submitted time 2018-04-24 Cooperative journals: 《计算机应用研究》
Abstract： Current salient object detection algorithms based on deep neural network (DNN) are usually not able to be aware of the structure of instance, making the generated saliency maps fail to cover the entire salient object region, and thus drag down the accuracy. To solve this problem, we introduced a novel multi-stream deep neural network, in which four components were integrated in a single framework: feature extractor, object skeleton sub-network, salient object sub-network and cross-domain connections. Firstly, during the learning and testing process, the salient object detection sub-network encoded the object structure which was extracted by using object skeleton detection sub-network through the cross-domain connections, so as to make the deep model be aware of the information of object structure and overcome the problem of incomplete detection of the target area. Then, to further improve the accuracy, we proposed to use a dense conditional random field based algorithm as the refinement post-process, so as to generate a more accurate saliency map as the final results. Experimental evaluations were conducted on three widely-used benchmarks and the results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms all existing DNN-based detection algorithms in accuracy and efficiency. This also indicates that integrating object structure information into deep neural network model is meaningful, which can help to improve the overall accuracy.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preclinical Medicine submitted time 2017-12-27 Cooperative journals: 《南方医科大学学报》
Abstract： Objective To evaluate the long-term efficacy of microwave ablation in the treatment of small renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Methods We retrospectively analyzed 140 cases of small cell renal carcinoma (151 lesions with a mean diameter of 2.8�0.8 cm) treated between April, 2006 and October, 2015 with ultrasound-guided microwave ablation with cooled-shaft needle antenna. One microwave ablation antenna was used for tumors less than 2 cm in diameter and 2 antennas were used for larger tumors. The patients received enhanced ultrasound and CT/MRI examinations at 1, 3, and 6 months after the operation and every 6 months thereafter. The overall survival, disease-free survival, and local tumor progression rate of the patients were evaluated. Results The response rate of treatment (complete ablation at one month on enhanced images) was 100% in these patients. The local tumor progression rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 0.9%, 2.0%, and 7.1%, respectively, and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year distant metastasis rates were 1.6%, 2.5%, and 7.9%, respectively. The overall survival rates of the patients at 1, 3, and 5 years were 98.4% , 94.8% , 89.5% , respectively, with disease-free survival rates of 98.4% , 93.0% , and 83.1% , espectively. No major complications occurred in these cases, and multivariate analysis showed that the tumor number (P=0.015) and tumor growth patterns (P=0.049) were independent risk factors that adversely affected the long-term outcome after surgery. Conclusion Our data show that microwave ablation is a safe and effective modality for treatment of renal cell carcinoma.
Subjects: Dynamic and Electric Engineering >> Engineering Thermophysics submitted time 2017-11-07 Cooperative journals: 《工程热物理学报》
Abstract：目前高超声速喷管的设计方法主要有特征线方法与基于CFD分析的优化设计方法。采用特征线法设计喷管时流动需基于无粘、无旋假设进行简化，无法确保设计结果在真实流动情况下达到最优;采用遗传算法或常规梯度类方法等优化算法进行优化设计时，设计变量数目的增多为设计带来计算量方面极大的挑战。为克服上述方法在设计过程中的不足，依托伴随方法具有计算量与设计变量数目几乎无关的特点，本文发展了基于离散型伴随方法的单边膨胀喷管的设计方法，以控制喷管沿流程的面积分布作为参数化方法，在初步设计的性能优良的原型喷管基础上实现了精细化伴随优化设计，优化后推力系数比原型喷管提升0. 8个百分点。
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2016-11-05 Cooperative journals: 《金属学报》
Abstract：采用铜模铸造方法制备了直径2和3 mm的Zr61.5Cu21.5-xFe5Al11Sn1Nbx（x=0, 1, 2 原子分数%）和Zr61.5Cu21.5Fe5Al12非晶合金棒。结果表明， Sn和Nb微合金化略微降低了Zr-Cu-Fe-Al非晶合金的玻璃形成能力。Zr61.5Cu19.5Fe5Al11Sn1Nb2非晶合金具有优异的压缩塑性，并且表现出“应变硬化”现象。高分辨透射电镜显示Zr61.5Cu19.5Fe5Al11Sn1Nb2和Zr61.5Cu21.5Fe5Al12合金均为完全非晶态，Sn和Nb微合金化后合金内部原子排列更紧密。正电子湮没谱分析结果表明，与Zr61.5Cu21.5Fe5Al12非晶合金相比，Zr61.5Cu19.5Fe5Al11Sn1Nb2非晶合金内部原子密排间隙和结构自由体积尺寸减小、总量增加。大量弥散分布的自由体积有利于Zr61.5Cu19.5Fe5Al11Sn1Nb2非晶合金剪切带的形成、分枝和相互作用，最终改善了非晶合金的塑性。
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