Subjects: Psychology >> Management Psychology submitted time 2024-05-22
Abstract： As data science and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies gain increasing attention in the field of human decision making, human-AI collaborative decision making has gradually become the mainstream approach to organizational decision making. This approach effectively integrates experience-centered supportive decision making with data-centered automated decision making. Existing research has mainly focused on the effects of AI in individual decision making and related influencing factors, largely neglecting the discussion of AI assistance in group decision making. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the effectiveness of AI assistance in group decision making. Based on a review of existing research related to AI-assisted decision making and group decision making, this paper describes how AI engagement affects the consensus level, confidence level, and accuracy of group decision making. In this paper, we explored the effect of AI assistance in group decision making mainly through mathematical modeling, numerical simulation, and a behavioral experiment. First, we used mathematical modeling to portray the mathematical forms of individual cognition, AI cognition, social influence, and AI influence in group decision making. We proposed three measurement expressions for group decision making performance. Then, through comparison and simulation analysis, we observed the changes in group decision making performance under AI assistance. Finally, we designed a behavioral experiment to collect responses from 120 participants (divided into 10 groups) responding to six questions. We completed four rounds of responses for each question by feeding group information and AI predictions. By analyzing the answers of these groups, we tested our research conjecture. The main results of this paper are as follows. First, compared with no AI assistance, group decision making with AI assistance significantly enhances the consensus level, confidence level and accuracy of group decision. Second, the enhancement effect of AI assistance on consensus level is time-sensitive, while the enhancement on confidence level has a delayed effect. Third, the earlier appearance of AI assistance has a more significant effect on enhancing group confidence. The main theoretical contributions of this paper are as follows. First, this paper extends the research field of AI-assisted decision making. Specifically, we focus on the effect of AI intervention in group decision making. Second, this paper enriches the understanding of information diversity in group decision making, and makes the first attempt to integrate the collision of human and machine intelligence. Finally, this paper synthesizes the dimensions of group decision making performance, and comprehensively examines the effects of AI-assisted group decision making from the perspectives of consensus, information, and accuracy. Our findings provide new insights for the frameworks of organizational group decision making, which have practical implications for building AI-enhanced group decision making processes.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2023-10-18 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background There is a lack of research on rehabilitative families based on hospital field experiences in the context of stroke-exacerbated family and social burdens. Objective To analyze the socio-cultural atmospheres present in hospital rehabilitation halls in four narrative dimensions of patients，relatives，families，and medical providers. Methods The interviews were conducted with participants from the rehabilitation department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in T city between April and July 2021 to examine the socio-cultural atmospheres in the rehabilitation hall from four perspectives of patients' narratives，relatives' narratives，families' narratives，and doctors' narratives. Results Stroke survivors have enjoyed the positive experience of "post-traumatic growth" in individual and collective joint progress; relatives have spontaneously established a club culture during mutual communications and played the role of "doctor-patient bridge" in accompanying each other; stroke#2;rehabilitative families as a whole suffered from two tensions，including the external tension due to financial burden on the family， and the internal tension arising from the difficulties in mutual understanding between family members and patients. Doctors were able to be more rational with stroke-rehabilitative families. A comparison between doctor-patient and teacher-student relationships illustrated that doctors would play the role of teacher to some extent when dealing with patients. Conclusion As revealed in the analysis of the socio-cultural atmospheres in the rehabilitation hall，the prevention and treatment of stroke are facing two problems，including difficulty in implementing key effort of prevention and treatment in the primary level，and troubles in accessing medical care resources of some patients. Research on medical humanities，especially the research methodology of medical anthropology，is conducive to constructing a positive doctor-patient relationship.
Subjects: Digital Publishing >> New Media submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《中国传媒科技》
Abstract：【目的】随着数字技术发展，算法成为信息传播与社会建构变革的关键要素。文章局部考察了抖音直播中的算法推荐现象，也尝试对抖音直播中的算法推荐现象研究进行经验性材料补充。【方法】采用实证研究的方法，通过扎根理论三级编码梳理出“驯化”“反向驯化”两个核心解释范畴，进一步对话驯化理论。【结果】在驯化层面，算法推荐是有一定驯化难度、具有隐蔽性特征的对象，用户驯化算法推荐及其相关内容有两条基本路径，同时平台中的算法推荐在不同功能区之间相互联系和影响。在反向驯化层面，从行为到观念、从个体到群体，算法推荐对直播参与者的驯化是潜移默化的。同时，反向驯化逻辑与算法推荐的自身设计之间存在强相关关系。【结论】算法推荐对于直播参与者并无不益之处，但也存在一种数字资本主义时代之中隐性的控制逻辑。
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-31 Cooperative journals: 《腐蚀科学与防护技术》
Abstract： The electrochemical corrosion behavior of cast iron which are used as liner material of methanol gasoline engine cylinder and tungsten carbide coatings on cast iron were comparatively investigated in methanoic acid aqueous solution by means of polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The experimental results show that the tungsten carbide coating exhibited higher free corrosion potential, lower free corrosion current density, as well as higher charge transfer resistance. Therefore, the tungsten carbide coating can inhibit the corrosion of cast iron effectively in methanoic acid solution.
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-01-17 Cooperative journals: 《天文研究与技术》
Abstract： Radio astronomy uses antenna array for observation in the HF-VHF frequency band. According to the requirements of SKA (square kilometer array), the gain, structure consistency, stability, impedance change trend, polarization purity and other aspects of each array element antenna need to reach high indicators to meet the requirements of Sun, Jupiter, Epoch of reionization and other measurements in polarization measurement, antenna tracking stability and receiver broadband matching and other aspects. According to the performance requirements proposed in SKA requirement 2165: polarization purity 2135-38 and sensitivity per polarization 2814-15. And after summarizing the experience of the original design, this study designed a new type of inverted "V" grid dipole antenna suitable for HF-VHF for the 10-90MHz frequency band, which has the advantages of light weight and small wind resistance. The structure has the advantages of slow impedance change and good polarization purity in the ultra-wide frequency band of 10-90MHz. Among them, in terms of impedance change: the real part of the impedance of the antenna changes from about 0.8Ω to 631.132Ω, which is better than the low-frequency array antenna of the low-frequency radio array, reducing the difficulty of receiver matching and noise; in terms of polarization purity: the overall axial ratio of the antenna is less than 0.41dB, with good polarization isolation for strong polarization signals such as solar radio bursts.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany submitted time 2022-10-27 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-2 (Msc2), as a key regulatory protein in response to stress in higher plants, is involved in multiple responses to stress. In order to explore the function of RcMsc2 gene which was successfully cloned from castor leaf tissue. The structure and potential function of RcMsc2 protein were analyzed by bioinformatics, and the expression characteristics of RcMsc2 gene in tissue and abiotic stress were analyzed by qRT-PCR. The results were as follows: (1) RcMsc2 gene was located in the long arm of castor chr 5, and its CDS region was 1 299 bp, encoding 432 amino acids. (2) RcMsc2 protein has the characteristic domain of cyclin family, which is an unstable acidic hydrophilic protein without transmembrane domain and signal peptide, and its relative molecular weight is 49.38 kD. (3) The secondary and tertiary structures of RcMsc2 protein were mainly α-helix and random coil. (4) RcMsc2 protein had the highest sequence homology with CYCB2 protein of Jatropha curcas and Hevea brasiliensis, and was clustered into Group II. (5) RcMsc2-GFP fusion protein was localized to the nucleus. (6) RcMsc2 gene was expressed in all tissues of castor, and mainly played a role in roots and stems; Abiotic stress analysis showed that RcMsc2 gene could be induced by abscisic acid ( ABA ), salt, drought and low temperature treatment, and the response of RcMsc2 gene to low temperature stress was the most sensitive. In summary, this study comprehensively analyze the structural characteristics, phylogenetic evolution and expression patterns of RcMsc2 gene, and provide a theoretical reference for revealing the function of RcMsc2 gene in castor growth and development and response to cold stress.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-05-11 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To investigate the effects of aluminum stress on root exudates of Helianthus tuberous and the alleviating effect of exogenous salicylic acid, we used aluminum-tolerant Nanjing H. tuberous and aluminum-sensitive Ziyang H. tuberous as experimental materials and set aluminum concentration of 500 μmol·L-1 by soil culture method, and analyzed the effects of different concentrations (10, 100, 1 000 μmol·L-1) of SA on the organic acids and amino acids in root exudates of H. tuberous and related metabolic enzymes in root tips under aluminum stress. The results were as follows: Concentrations of citric acid, oxalic acid and malic acid in the root exudates of H. tuberous increased under Al stress, and the increase was greater in Nanjing H. tuberous than in Ziyang H. tuberous; the activities of citrate synthase and malate dehydrogenase increased under Al stress. The proline content increased significantly, and the concentration of total amino acids decreased significantly. The concentrations of citric acid, oxalic acid and malic acid secreted by the root system of Nanjing H. tuberous were increased to different degrees after the addition of exogenous SA, but the oxalic acid secreted by the root system of Ziyang H. tuberous was significantly reduced after treatment with high concentration (1 000 μmol·L-1) of SA,and there was no significant change in malic acid concentration under all concentrations of SA treatment. The citrate synthase activity appeared to be enhanced to different degrees, but it had little effect on malate dehydrogenase activity in the root tips of Ziyang H. tuberous, and malate dehydrogenase activity in the root tips of Ziyang H. tuberous was significantly reduced after treatment with high concentration (1 000 μmol·L-1) of SA. The proline content decreased significantly, from terms of changes in total amino acid concentration, the maximum alleviating effect was obtained at high concentration (1 000 μmol·L-1) SA for Nanjing H. tuberous and at low concentration (10 μmol·L-1) SA for Ziyang H. tuberous. Therefore, H. tuberous responds to aluminum toxicity by secreting organic acids, and exogenous SA can promote the rate of organic acid metabolism in the root system of H. tuberous to secrete more organic acids to alleviate aluminum stress, and this alleviation effect is better in Nanjing H. tuberous, which is relatively strong in aluminum tolerance.
Subjects: Psychology >> Physiological Psychology submitted time 2019-04-22
Abstract： " Stable memories may re-enter an unstable state when they are retrieved. Upon retrieval, a consolidated memory can be updated, strengthened, weakened, or even erased. This process is known as reconsolidation. Thus, reconsolidation interventions provide an opportunity to modify seemingly stable memories. Studies on the reconsolidation of maladaptive human memory emphasize the role of propranolol and behavioral intervention therapies in fear and episodic memory reconsolidation. Multiple cortical brain regions and neural circuits are involved in the reconsolidation of human fear and episodic memory. These include the amygdala, hippocampus, ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), prefrontal cortex (PFC), the amygdale-vmPFC network, and the hippocampus-PFC network. Existing memories can be modified during reconsolidation by various interventions, such as drug treatment, behavioral therapy, or noninvasive brain stimulation. This introduces the possibility of using these strategies to treat memory disorders. However, there is a significant gap between the relevant basic research and the clinical application due to the complexity of pathologic memory formation. Therefore, additional experimental paradigms that more closely resemble clinical situations are required. Furthermore, the precise boundary conditions for reconsolidation disruption should be elucidated in a future study, as this will promote the clinical application of laboratory research.
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-23 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在比较分析雏鸡冷应激前后血清中蛋白质的表达差异，并对重点差异蛋白质进行鉴定。将30只雏鸡随机分为3组，分别为冷应激组、冷适应组和常温对照组，收集各组雏鸡的血液制备血清后进行双向凝胶电泳（2-DE），以获得血清蛋白质表达的2-DE图谱，对2-DE图谱进行差异分析（利用PDQuest 8.0软件），随后采用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)技术对差异表达蛋白质进行鉴定，并利用蛋白质印迹（Western blot）方法进行验证。结果显示：通过2-DE对常温对照组、冷应激组和冷适应组雏鸡血清进行分析，得到了比较完整的差异蛋白质数据，共找到差异蛋白质点23个。采用MALDI-TOF-MS技术分析其中几个重复性好且较为明显的蛋白质点，成功鉴定出4个差异蛋白质，其中2个为果糖二磷酸醛缩酶C（ALDOC），是参与葡萄糖、能量代谢通路供能的相关蛋白；随后，对差异蛋白质ALDOC进行Western blot验证，所得结果与2-DE的结果相一致。结果表明，雏鸡冷应激前后血清中蛋白质的表达具有明显的差异，这些蛋白质的表达差异可能与冷应激有关。
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